Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Do perceptions of dysfunction and normality mediate clinicians' judgements of adolescent antisocial behavior?
- Authors:
- KIRK Stuart A., HSIEH Derek H.
- Journal article citation:
- Social Service Review, 83(2), June 2009, pp.245-266.
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) requires clinicians making a judgment of mental disorder to first make complex mediating inferences about internal dysfunction and rule out the possibility that behaviours are normal reactions to a problematic environment. Responding to a case vignette in which the social context of antisocial behaviour was systematically varied, a sample of 1,500 social workers, psychologists, and psychiatrists made judgments about the presence of mental disorder, internal dysfunction, and normality in the antisocial behaviour of a youth. Perceptions about the presence of internal dysfunction and normality are found to be related to judgments of mental disorder, but they do not fully mediate the relationship between the influence of social context and judgments of mental disorder.
Autism and mental health
- Author:
- GOULD Judith
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Today, Supplement, December 2009, pp.1-2.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
Asserting that autism is not a mental health disorder but it is sometimes misdiagnosed as one, and can bring its own mental health issues, the author explains how mental health problems may mask undiagnosed autistic spectrum disorders (ASDs) - for example, adults with Asperger syndrome may be misdiagnosed with a mental health disorder such as schizophrenia. ASDs are not in themselves a mental illness, but are lifelong developmental disabilities that affect the way a person communicates with, and relates in, the world around them. People with ASD are particularly vulnerable to mental health problems, such as anxiety, depression and other mood disorders. The author concludes that autism is a complex disorder and can be difficult to diagnose in the less obvious cases, that a detailed developmental history taking into account a person's early developmental and current behaviour is necessary, and that it is crucial that people receive the correct diagnosis in order that they can receive appropriate treatment and support for their condition.
Mental health assessment of children and adolescents with learning disabilities
- Authors:
- FRIEDLANDER Robin, MOSS Steve
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Public Mental Health, 8(1), March 2009, pp.37-45.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Understanding the mental health problems of children who have learning disabilities presents huge challenges across many domains. The paper examines some of the assessment frameworks that may be used, offers clinical guidance on collecting information and suggests ways in which various theoretical approaches can be used to derive comprehensive case formulations. The common assessment approaches mentioned are psychiatric, behavioural, ecological and early attachment. A case study is used to discuss the use of the frameworks. An emphasis is placed on the use of structured methods to improve reliability and validity.
The identification of young people's emotional distress: a study in primary care
- Authors:
- HALLER Dagmar M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of General Practice, 59(560), March 2009, pp.159-165.
- Publisher:
- Royal College of General Practitioners
Primary care is a key step in young people's pathway to mental health care. Despite the high prevalence of mental disorder in this age group, little is known about the factors that determine the identification of young people's mental disorder in primary care. To provide a detailed description of the factors associated with both `correct' and `excessive' identification of youth mental disorder in primary care. Twenty-six randomly selected general practices in Victoria, Australia were involved in this cross-sectional study. Consecutive young people (16-24 years) were interviewed before their consultation, using a semi-structured interview. They completed Kessler's scale of emotional distress (K10). GPs completed a questionnaire after the consultation. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the factors associated with GP identification of mental disorder in those with high and low probability of disorder on the K10. Altogether, 450/501 (90%) of approached young people participated; 36.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 32.3 to 40.2%) had high probability of mental disorder on the K10. Young people's perception that they had a mental illness was highly associated with GP identification. Other significantly associated factors were: patient fears, frequent consultations, days out of role, and continuity of care. The latter two were also associated with `over-identification' of young people who had low probability of mental disorder. GP characteristics were not associated with identification. These findings provide guidance for GPs in their clinical work and training. They should also inform the further development of mental health literacy programmes in the community.
Here's what's wrong
- Authors:
- YORK Ann, PARKER Ben
- Journal article citation:
- Young Minds Magazine, 98, January 2009, pp.31-33.
- Publisher:
- YoungMinds
Many NHS trusts are being asked to input diagnoses for all service users computerised medical notes. However, certain diagnoses can lead to stigma, discrimination and other negative consequences. This study investigated the views of young people and their families attending Child and Adolescent Mental Health services. Of those who completed the questionnaire, the majority felt young people attending the service should receive a diagnosis, although there were concerns that recording the diagnosis may have a negative impact on the young person in the future. The findings are discussed.
Intellectual disability psychiatry: a practical handbook
- Editors:
- HASSIOTIS Angela, BARRON Diana Andrea, HALL Ian, (eds.)
- Publisher:
- Wiley-Blackwell
- Publication year:
- 2009
- Pagination:
- 276p.
- Place of publication:
- Chichester
This guide to the management of mental health problems in people with learning disabilities has been written by nearly 30 contributors from the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Ireland and Australia. Sixteen chapters cover topics including effective communication, clinical assessment, assessing mental capacity, decision making, depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorders (OCDs), post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), psychoses, autistic spectrum disorders (ASDs), substance misuse, challenging behaviour, interaction of physical with mental health, older people, mentally disordered offenders, mental health crises, community care and pharmacological and psychological interventions. Two appendices entitled ‘Critique of the ICD 10 and DSM IV based classification of mental disorders in intellectual disability’ and ‘A to Z of disciplines that may contribute to the multi-and interdisciplinary work as applied to mood and anxiety disorders’ are also included. The publication is aimed at health professionals to develop their understanding of mental health issues of people with learning disabilities.
Disturbances of the mind
- Author:
- DRAAISMA Douwe
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
- Publication year:
- 2009
- Pagination:
- 360p.
- Place of publication:
- Cambridge
This book provides an insight into twelve psychiatrists and neurologists whose names have become synonymous with a disease, syndrome, or autistic disorder. The author reconstructs the lives of these individuals to provide an illuminating, and at times touching view into the history of brain research. The case histories include: Asperger, Bonnet, Capgras, Clérambault, Korsakoff and Gilles de la Tourette syndromes; Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases; the areas of Broca and Brodmann; Jackson's epilepsy; and the Gage matrix. These early discoveries in neurology and psychiatry are described in the context of the personal life of the discoverer, showing their aspirations, frustrations, failures and successes. Readers are provided with a better understanding of the societal context of diagnoses, as well as an appreciation of how perspectives on neurological and psychiatric disorders have varied over time.
Unchaining Prometheus: does a caste allocation hypothesis begin to explain the pervasive effects of diagnostic labelling and stigma on service users?
- Author:
- COOTE David
- Journal article citation:
- Ethnicity and Inequalities in Health and Social Care, 2(2), July 2009, pp.20-29.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Diagnostic labelling has been seen to be a predictor of several different negative outcomes. This review draws on the claims of Wright and colleagues' that the ‘labelling’ field needs theoretical development. By comparing and contrasting the two main approaches to understanding diagnostic practices, Modified Labelling Theory and the medical model the authors further hypothesise on the social function of diagnostic practices. The focus of this review is on four conceptual books and articles. Three empirical studies are also reviewed. Then models are advanced that explain the conceptual overlap that occurs within the debate.
Childhood matters
- Author:
- JAMES Adam
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Today, June 2009, pp.18-20.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
This article discusses the significant increase in the proportion of UK teenagers with significant emotional or behavioural problems. The author suggests a number of reasons behind the increase: the culture of diagnosis; that society is afflicted with the "affluenza virus" - placing a high value on money, appearances and fame; social inequality; the lack of family-friendly government policies. The author outlines Labour's record on mental health, Conservative promises and the Scandinavian approach. It concludes that the issue of children's mental health needs to be higher up the political agenda.