Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Posttraumatic stress disorder and depression in men and women who perpetrate intimate partner violence
- Authors:
- BREET Elsie, SEEDAT Soraya, KAGEE Ashraf
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34(10), 2019, p.2181–2198.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Poor mental health is a risk factor for intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration. Literature suggests that gender differences play a role in this association. The aims of this study were to examine the: 1) prevalence of IPV perpetrated by men and women; and 2) association between symptoms of depression or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and IPV perpetration among men and women. A convenience sample of 210 people living in three peri-urban areas in South Africa completed self-report questionnaires that assessed symptoms of common mental health disorders and IPV. Gender differences were not found with regard to perpetrating physical assault and psychological aggression, although men were more likely than women to report perpetration of sexual coercion (42.9% vs. 23.8%). Men who reported higher symptoms of PTSD were 3 times (OR = 2.63, p = .023) more likely to report perpetrating sexual coercion, when controlling for demographic characteristics and symptoms of depression, than men who reported lower levels of PTSD. Women who reported moderate to severe symptoms of depression were 4 times (OR = 3.9, p = .01) more likely to report perpetrating physical assault, when controlling for demographic characteristics and symptoms of PTSD, than women who reported minimal to mild symptoms of depression. Findings add further support for differences in rates of IPV perpetration, and poor mental health as a risk for IPV perpetration. Interventions aimed at reducing IPV perpetration in the South African setting will only be marginally effective if gender-specific interventions are not developed that consider co-occurring symptoms of PTSD and depression.
Lifetime abuse and mental health among older persons: a European study
- Author:
- ESLAMI Baheh
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Aggression Maltreatment and Trauma, 26(6), 2017, pp.590-607.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study aimed to investigate the association of lifetime abuse and mental health among older persons, considering associated factors (e.g., demographics) through a cross-sectional design. The study recruited 4,467 women and men ages 60-84 years from 7 European cities. Mental health was measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and abuse (psychological, physical, sexual, financial, and physical injuries) based on the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale and the UK survey of abuse/neglect of older people. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that country of residence, low educational level, and experienced financial strain increased the odds of probable cases of anxiety and depression. Female sex, white-collar profession, and financial support by social/other benefits/or partner income were associated with higher odds of anxiety, while older age and experience of lifetime injury were associated with increased odds of depressive symptoms. The findings of this study indicate that socioeconomic factors, as well as experienced lifetime severe physical abuse leading to injuries, are significant in perceived mental health of adults in later life. (Edited publisher abstract)
Mental health and bullying in the United States among children aged 6 to 17 years
- Authors:
- BENEDICT Frances Turcotte, VIVIER Patrick M., GJELSVIK Annie
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 30(5), 2015, pp.782-795.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This article examines the association between mental health disorders and being identified as a bully among children between the ages of 6 and 17 years. Data from the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health were examined. A total of 63,997 children had data for both parental reported mental health and bullying status. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression was performed to assess the association between mental health status and being identified as a bully with an age-stratified analysis and sub-analysis by type of mental health disorder. In 2007, 15.2% of U.S. children ages 6 to 17 years were identified as bullies by their parent or guardian. Children with a diagnosis of depression, anxiety, or depression had a threefold increased odds of being a bully. The diagnosis of depression is associated with a 3.31 increased odds (95% CI = [2.7, 4.07]) of being identified as a bully. Children with anxiety and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) had similar odds. The diagnosis of a mental health disorder is strongly associated with being identified as a bully. In particular, depression, anxiety, and ADHD are strongly associated with being identified as a bully. These findings emphasise the importance of providing psychological support to not only victims of bullying but bullies as well. Understanding the risk profile of childhood bullies is essential in gaining a better grasp of this public health problem and in creating useful and appropriate resources and interventions to decrease bullying. (Publisher abstract)
HIV risk among pregnant teenagers with a history of interpersonal violence
- Authors:
- KUO Caroline C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Aggression Maltreatment and Trauma, 23(7), 2014, pp.740-750.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study examined the relationship among interpersonal violence, depressive symptoms, and HIV risk behaviours among pregnant teenagers. A sample of 116 pregnant teenagers was recruited in Rhode Island. Multivariate logistic regressions tested whether or not the relationship between history of interpersonal violence and HIV risk remained after controlling for age and education. Participants reported a young age of sexual debut and low rates of condom use. Multivariate logistic regressions indicate a significant relationship between interpersonal violence and HIV risk but not in degree of depression symptoms and HIV risk. Pregnant teenagers with a history of interpersonal violence could benefit from interventions that address HIV risk.
Untold problems: a review of the essential issues in the mental health of men and boys
- Author:
- WILKINS David
- Publisher:
- Men's Health Forum
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 50p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This review considers mental health from a male perspective and explores how good mental health can be achieved and maintained. It also looks at the kinds of mental health problems that men and boys experience and asks how services can most effectively respond. Although women are diagnosed with the most common mental health problems significantly more often than men, a number of indicators of poorer mental health, such as suicide, substance misuse and homelessness, are more common in males, suggesting that male mental health problems are not being identified and tackled as well as they might. This review is divided into 3 main sections. The first section considers the male role in family and society, including the breadwinner role and the performance of boys at school. The section on men’s mental health and anti-social behaviour considers violent behaviour, male prisoners, and alcohol and drug misuse. The last section considers specific conditions including suicide and under-diagnosed depression, and the mental health of men from the following specific groups: black and ethnic minority groups; gay men; and ex-servicemen. The review concludes that men often have mental health needs that are distinct from those of women and which are particularly associated with the lived experience of being male.
The mental health of men and boys
- Authors:
- WILKINS David, KEMPLE Mariam
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Today, April 2010, pp.21-25.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
There has been little work that considers the specific mental health needs of men, despite statistics showing that the rates of suicide, substance abuse, violent crime, personality disorders, rough sleeping, and permanent exclusion from school are all higher in males. However, 2 reports have recently been published on this subject. During Mind Week 2009, Mind published 'Get It Off Your Chest', which suggested that mental distress in men is often a hidden problem and that services do not meet male mental health needs as well as they might. In January 2010, the Men’s Health Forum published 'Untold Problems', a review of the most important issues in the mental health of men and boys. This article highlights the key findings and conclusions from these 2 reports looking at, for example, men’s attitudes towards seeking help for mental health problems, the link between age and men’s mental health, providing the right sort of mental health services for men, the male role in family and society, poor educational performance by boys, anti-social behaviour, alcohol abuse, and suicide. It concludes that evidence suggests that men often have mental health needs that are distinct from those of women and which are particularly associated with the lived experience of being male. The findings of these pieces of research are to be developed into a document containing guidance for mental health professionals. Interested parties are invited to express their own views and suggest ideas for inclusion in the document.
Mental health correlates of the victim-perpetrator relationship among interpersonally victimized adolescents
- Authors:
- LAWYER Steven R., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 21(10), October 2006, pp.1333-1353.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This research examines mental health correlates of different victim-perpetrator relationships among adolescent victims of interpersonal violence. A large and nationally representative sample of 4,023 adolescents responded to structured telephone interviews concerning mental health functioning (posttraumatic stress disorder - PTSD, major depressive disorder, substance abuse/dependence, and delinquency). Those reporting histories of sexual (n = 321) and/or physical (n = 688) assault were queried about specific aspects of their assaults, including their relationship with the perpetrator. After controlling for demographic and assault-related risk factors, the victim-perpetrator relationship remained a significant risk factor for mental health problems. Adolescents sexually assaulted by non-strangers were at increased risk for PTSD; those sexually assaulted by acquaintances or people they did not know well were at increased risk for delinquency. Adolescents who were physically assaulted by a family member were at increased risk for PTSD. Explanations for the findings and the need for consistent assessment methods across related studies are discussed.
Air travel by passengers with mental disorder
- Authors:
- GORDON Harvey, KINGHAM Mike, GOODWIN Tony
- Journal article citation:
- Psychiatric Bulletin, 28(8), August 2004, pp.295-297.
- Publisher:
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
Air travel is a rapid and efficient mode of travel nationally and internationally. People with a psychiatric disorder can usually travel safely, but may at times require an escort. People whose mental state or behaviour are disturbed are not fit to travel until stability has been achieved. Suicidal or homicidal behaviour by those so disposed are fortunately rare, but can be catastrophic in outcome. Careful assessment is necessary, and psychiatrists are advised to be more aware of the possibility of liaison with airport medical services when appropriate. Despite a recent reduction in the number of passengers on commercial aircraft following acts of terrorism, war in Iraq, communicable diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and a down-turn in the global economy, air transportation continues to convey millions of people each year across the world. Among this multitude of air passengers are an unknown number of people with mental disorder. Aspects of air travel relevant to psychiatric evaluation are reviewed here.
Group and gang states of mind
- Author:
- CANHAM Hamish
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Child Psychotherapy, 28(2), August 2002, pp.113-127.
- Publisher:
- Routledge
This article explores the structure of groups and gangs and looks at the states of mind of the individuals within these different constellations from a descriptive and theoretical point of view. The terms 'group' and 'gang' are defined in specific ways as related to Klein's description of the depressive position, on the one hand, and the paranoid-schizoid position, on the other. Drawing on examples from society, literature, and clinical work with groups of children, the paper considers how and why 'grouping' and 'ganging' occur and what factors determine a move from one state of mind to another.
Mental disorders and violent crime: a vexed and vexing relationship
- Author:
- PRINS Herschel
- Journal article citation:
- Prison Service Journal, 136, July 2001, pp.2-5.
- Publisher:
- Her Majesty's Prison Service of England and Wales
Discusses the complex relationships between mental disorders and violent crime together with the problems inherent in the relationships between psychiatry, psychology and the Criminal Justice System.