Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Burden of chronic physical conditions and mental disorders in primary care
- Authors:
- FERNÁNDEZ Anna, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 196(4), April 2010, pp.302-309.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
The World Health Organization (WHO) has projected HIV/AIDS, unipolar depression and ischaemic heart disease to be the three leading causes of burden of disease in 2030. This paper estimates the health-related quality of life and quality-adjusted life-year losses associated with mental disorders and chronic physical conditions in primary healthcare using data from the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders in primary care study, an epidemiological survey carried out with primary care patients in Catalonia, Spain. Using a cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of 3815 primary care patients, a preference-based measure of health was derived from the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF–12): the Short Form–6D (SF–6D) multi-attribute health-status classification. Each profile created by the questionnaire had a weight assigned to it. Using non-parametric quantile regressions to model the association between both mental disorders, chronic physical condition and SF–6D scores, findings showed that the top three causes of quality-adjusted life-year losses annually per 100 000 participants were pain (5064), mood disorders (2634) and anxiety (805). In conclusion, estimation of quality-adjusted life-year losses showed that mood disorders ranked second behind pain-related chronic medical conditions.
Relationship between depressive symptoms and capability to live well in people with mild to moderate dementia and their carers: results from the Improving the experience of Dementia and Enhancing Active Life (IDEAL) programme
- Authors:
- WU Yu‐Tzu, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 25(1), 2021, pp.38-45.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: Depression is a common condition in dementia and has a substantial impact on quality of life and wellbeing. There is limited evidence on how depressive symptoms in the person with dementia impact on the carer, and vice versa. The aim of this study is to investigate dyadic relationships between depressive symptoms and capability to live well in both people with dementia and their carers and to examine whether people with dementia who do not have a carer are more vulnerable to the impact of depressive symptoms than those who have a carer. Methods: Using a large cohort study of 1547 community-dwelling people with mild to moderate dementia and 1283 carers in Great Britain, a Bayesian analysis framework was developed to incorporate dyads (N = 981), people with dementia whose carers did not participate (N = 127), people with dementia who did not have a carer (N = 137), and dyads with missing data (N = 302) and estimate actor and partner relationships between depressive symptoms and capability to live well, which was expressed as a latent factor derived from measures of quality of life, life satisfaction and wellbeing. Results: Depressive symptoms in people with dementia and carers had negative associations with capability to live well both for the individual and for the partner. Compared to those who had a carer, depressive symptoms had a greater impact on capability to live well in people with dementia who did not had a carer. Conclusions: The impact of depression may extend beyond the person experiencing the symptoms. Future interventions for depressive symptoms should utilise this potential wider impact to understand and optimise treatment effects. (Edited publisher abstract)
Life satisfaction and psychological status of mothers with disabled children: a descriptive study
- Authors:
- KUCUK Emine Ela, ALEMDAR Dilek Kucuk
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 54(1), 2018, pp.102-106.
- Publisher:
- Springer
The purpose of this study is to determine the life satisfaction, general health conditions, and depression levels of mothers with disabled children and the problems they experienced. This descriptive study was conducted between 1 and 30 December 2014 in a rehabilitation centre that renders services for totally 254 physically and mentally-disabled children in Turkey. 184 mothers participated in the study. The data were collected by using an information form, the life satisfaction scale, the general health questionnaire, and the Beck depression inventory. General Health Questionnaire scores of the mothers who had another disabled child and Beck Depression Inventory scores of the working mothers were significantly high. In addition, a significant difference was found between the scores of Life Satisfaction Scale, General Health Questionnaire, and Beck Depression Inventory by mothers who had difficulties regarding care of their children, were worried for their children, and experienced uncertainty with regard to the future. (Publisher abstract)
Measuring elderly people's quality of life through the Beck Hopelessness Scale: a study with a Spanish sample
- Authors:
- SATORRES E., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 22(2), 2018, pp.239-244.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: Hopelessness is a key element of suicidal intent. It can instill a pessimistic outlook on the future, leading an individual to believe that suicide is the only answer to their problems. Hopelessness operates as a modulating variable between depression and suicidal behavior. The aim of this study was to confirm the factor structure of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) in a non-clinical sample. Method: Three hundred and sixty-two Spanish individuals, aged over 60, free of cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms, completed the BHS scale. Participants were tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), using one-, two- and three-factor models. Results: The one- and two-factor models presented adequate fit indices. Specifically, the indices of the two-factor models were better than those of the one-factor model. The two-factor model, without items 4, 9 and 14, provided the best fit, given that the indices obtained in the CFA and their internal consistency were better than those of the other models. Conclusion: The validation of the BHS for a population of Spanish older adults provides a reliable and valid measure of hopelessness and could be useful in clinical practice and research as an effective tool for the early detection of suicidal behaviors. (Publisher abstract)
Interests among older people in relation to gender, function and health-related quality of life
- Authors:
- KÄLLDALEN Anette, MARCUSSON Jan, WRESSLE Ewa
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 76(2), 2013, pp.87-93.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The WHO has stated that older people should have opportunities to be active participants in an age-integrated society because of the positive impact this can have on active ageing. However it is important that the activity should be meaningful and that the individual is doing what they choose, for example pursing interests. This study explores the interests pursued by 85-year-old people living in ordinary housing in Sweden in relation to gender, cognition, depression and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). A sample of 240 participants completed a postal questionnaire, including the EuroQoL HRQoL measurement. Additional instruments used during a subsequent home visit were the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, Mini Mental State Examination and Geriatric Depression Scale. Women experienced poorer health than men, lived alone to a greater extent and used more mobility devices. Compared with men, women had a larger number of interests related to household management, but there were no gender differences in the leisure area. A lower number of interests in active recreation was associated with lower cognitive function, poorer HRQoL and a higher risk of depressive symptoms. The authors highlight the importance for older people of being active in meaningful occupations, Their ability to pursue interests should be taken into account by occupational therapists.
The association of neuropsychiatric ssymptoms and environment with quality of life in assisted living residents with dementia
- Authors:
- SAMUS Quincy M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 45(Supplement), October 2005, pp.19-26.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
The authors conducted this study to determine whether neuropsychiatric symptoms and environmental characteristics are associated with quality of life in assisted living residents with dementia. They used a cross-sectional study of 134 residents from 22 facilities and employed the Alzheimer's Disease-Related Quality of Life Scale and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. A scale was developed to capture the homelike climate of each facility. Linear regression analyses were used to estimate the relationship of neuropsychiatric symptoms and homelike climate with quality of life, controlling for sociodemographics, cognition, functional dependence, and physical health. Exploratory analyses and graphical techniques were employed to test for environmental-level moderating effects.:Agitation, depression, apathy, and irritability were significant predictors of quality of life, explaining 29% of the variance. Neither facility size nor homelike environment was significantly associated with quality of life in univariate analyses. Size of facility moderated the relationship between agitation and quality of life. Neuropsychiatric symptoms impair quality of life in residents with dementia. Further research should investigate the role of other environmental aspects.
Subjective health measures and acute treatment outcomes in geriatric depression
- Authors:
- LENZE Eric J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 16(12), December 2001, pp.1149-1155.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study examines measures of self-rated health, physical disability, and social function as predictors of treatment response in late life- depression, and to assess these same health measures as treatment outcomes. Results found subjects with poorer self-rated health as baseline were more likely both to drop out of treatment and to not respond to adequate treatment. This relationship was independent of demographic measures, severity of depression, physical and social functioning, medical illness, personality, hopelessness, overall medication use, and side effects or non-compliance with treatment. Although this finding is preliminary it suggests that lower self-rated health may independently predict premature discontinuation of treatment for depression. Additionally, subjects who recovered from depression showed significantly improvements in self-rated health, physical disability, and social functioning.
Discrimination, mental health, and body image among transgender and gender-non-binary individuals: Constructing a multiple mediational path model
- Authors:
- TABAAC Ariella, PERRIN Paul B., BENOTSCH Eric G.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 30(1), 2018, pp.1-16.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationships among discrimination, mental health, and body image in a national sample of transgender adults. Participants (N = 78) identified as transgender, genderqueer, or other gender-non-binary identities and were recruited via a national online survey. Harassment/rejection, work/school, and other discrimination explained 10.4% of the variance in body appreciation, while satisfaction with life, anxiety, self-esteem, and depression explained 60.7%. Within these models, harassment/rejection was inversely associated with body appreciation, while self-esteem and satisfaction with life were positively associated. A series of path models moving from a measurement model to a more parsimonious and excellent-fitting model found that the effect of harassment/rejection on body appreciation was fully mediated by self-esteem and satisfaction with life, resulting in a multiple mediation. (Publisher abstract)
A pilot randomized trial of two cognitive rehabilitation interventions for mild cognitive impairment: caregiver outcomes
- Authors:
- VUC Andrea V., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 32(12), 2017, pp.e180-e187.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study aims to provide effect size estimates of the impact of two cognitive rehabilitation interventions provided to patients with mild cognitive impairment: computerised brain fitness exercise and memory support system on support partners' outcomes of depression, anxiety, quality of life, and partner burden. Methods: A randomised controlled pilot trial was performed. Results: At 6 months, the partners from both treatment groups showed stable to improved depression scores, while partners in an untreated control group showed worsening depression over 6 months. There were no statistically significant differences on anxiety, quality of life, or burden outcomes in this small pilot trial; however, effect sizes were moderate, suggesting that the sample sizes in this pilot study were not adequate to detect statistical significance. Conclusion: Either form of cognitive rehabilitation may help partners' mood, compared with providing no treatment. However, effect size estimates related to other partner outcomes (i.e., burden, quality of life, and anxiety) suggest that follow-up efficacy trials will need sample sizes of at least 30–100 people per group to accurately determine significance. (Publisher abstract)
Cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: impact on quality of life of carers
- Authors:
- LAWSON R.A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 32(12), 2017, pp.1362-1370.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: The quality of life (QoL) of informal caregivers of people with Parkinson's disease (PD) (PwP) can be affected by the caring role. Because of cognitive symptoms and diminished activities of daily living, in addition to the management of motor symptoms, carers of PwP and cognitive impairment may experience increased levels of burden and poorer QoL compared with carers of PwP without cognitive impairment. This study aimed to investigate the impact of cognitive impairment in PD upon QoL of carers. Methods: Approximately 36 months after diagnosis, 66 dyadic couples of PwP and carers completed assessments. PwP completed a schedule of neuropsychological assessments and QoL measures; carers of PwP completed demographic questionnaires and assessments of QoL. Factor scores of attention, memory/executive function and global cognition, as derived by principal component analysis, were used to evaluate cognitive domains. Results: Hierarchical regression analysis found lower Montreal Cognitive Assessment was a significant independent predictor of poorer carer QoL, in addition to number of hours spent caregiving, carer depression and PD motor severity. Attentional deficits accounted for the largest proportion of variance of carer QoL. Carers of PwP and dementia (n = 9) had significantly poorer QoL scores compared with PwP and mild cognitive impairment (n = 18) or normal cognition (n = 39) carers (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Attentional deficits were the strongest predictor of carer QoL compared with other cognitive predictors. Carers for those with PD dementia reported the poorest QoL. Interventions such as respite or cognitive behavioural therapy to improve mood and self-efficacy in carers may improve carer QoL. (Publisher abstract)