Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 11
Mental incapacity: item 9 of the fourth programme of law reform Mentally Incapacitated Adults; laid before Parliament by the Lord High Chancellor pursuant to section 3(2) of the Law Commissions Act 1965
- Author:
- LAW COMMISSION
- Publisher:
- HMSO
- Publication year:
- 1995
- Pagination:
- 298p.
- Place of publication:
- London
Report concerned with the ways in which decisions may lawfully be made on behalf of adults who are unable to make decisions for themselves. Also discusses the extent of the powers which should be available to public authorities to intervene and protect adults who are at risk of abuse or neglect. Sets the proposals arising from the report in their legal and social context, and draws attention to the increasing number of very old people in the population.
Someone to watch over me
- Author:
- BYNOE Ian
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 26.11.92, 1992, pp.18-19.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Looks at the concept of vulnerable adults and the difficulty in determining whether or not a person is legally 'capable' of making a decision or expressing a choice. Also sets out the least restrictive interventions.
Interventions to mitigate bias in social work decision-making: a systematic review
- Authors:
- FEATHERSTON Rebecca Jean, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Research on Social Work Practice, 29(7), 2019, pp.741-752.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Purpose: This systematic review synthesized evidence supporting interventions aimed at mitigating cognitive bias associated with the decision-making of social work professionals. Methods: A systematic search was conducted within 10 social services and health-care databases. Review authors independently screened studies in duplicate against prespecified inclusion criteria, and two review authors undertook data extraction and quality assessment. Results: Four relevant studies were identified. Because these studies were too heterogeneous to conduct meta-analyses, results are reported narratively. Three studies focused on diagnostic decisions within mental health and one considered family reunification decisions. Two strategies were reportedly effective in mitigating error: a nomogram tool and a specially designed online training course. One study assessing a consider-the-opposite approach reported no effect on decision outcomes. Conclusions: Cognitive bias can impact the accuracy of clinical reasoning. This review highlights the need for research into cognitive bias mitigation within the context of social work practice decision-making. (Publisher abstract)
To preserve or not to preserve: That is the question. Decision-making about family preservation among families in multi-problem situations
- Authors:
- VISCHER Anne-Fleur W.K., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 99, 2019, pp.441-450.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
High rates of failed reunification indicate that family preservation (FP) does not necessarily lead to permanency for children. It could be argued that, in such failed cases, the decision-making process leading to the preservation of the family was inadequate. In order to gain insight into the role that decision-making plays in family preservation practice, the authors studied decision-making within an FP-intervention programme provided by the Expertise Center. The Expertise Center explicitly combines treatment and decision-making in an assessment-based intervention that is provided to families seeking either to be reunited with their young child (0–2) or to avoid an out-of-home placement of the child. In addition, at least one of the parents has psychiatric problems. The authors attempted to a) map decision-making trajectories in practice and b) provide feedback about Expertise Center decision-making based on evidence regarding the – sometimes evolving – quality of parental behaviour as observed in the participants. They used a descriptive design (n = 100) as well as a one-group repeated measures design (n = 28) to examine parental behaviour using the Atypical Maternal Behavior Instrument for Assessment and Classification (AMBIANCE). The authors hypothesized that a negative recommendation regarding family preservation would manifest itself in the display of more frequent and more severe atypical parental behaviour. The results indicate that the Expertise Center succeeded in contributing broadly to timely decision-making in the context of permanency planning, and that implementation of the Decision-making Continuum potentially improved the quality of clinical decision-making. Furthermore, the authors' hypothesis was confirmed by four out of five measurements of parental behaviour that have been proven to be significant for children's attachment security. Since these are promising results, the Expertise Center program could serve as an inspiration for the practice field. (Edited publisher abstract)
Efficacy of an adjunctive computer-based cognitive training program in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a single-blind, randomized clinical trial
- Authors:
- GAITÁN Adrian, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 28(1), 2013, pp.91-99.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of a 3-month computer-based cognitive training (CBCT) program for patients with multi-domain amnestic mild cognitive impairment or mild Alzheimer’ disease who were already receiving traditional cognitive training (TCT) would improve more outcomes at 12-month follow-up. Sixty Spanish patients were randomly assigned two groups; CBCT for 3 months and TCT (CBCT + TCT), (n = 23, 65% male mean age 74.8 years); TCT only (n=16, 25% male, mean age 76 years), Patients were assessed at baseline and after 3 and 12 months of treatment using a neuropsychological battery (primary outcomes) and measures of decision making, memory complaints, and emotional disturbances. The CBCT + TCT group showed fewer anxiety symptoms and fewer disadvantageous decisions than the TCT group at 12 months. No significant improvement or worsening was observed in the other measures examined. However, positive effect sizes favouring the CBCT + TCT group were observed for all variables. The authors conclude that the addition of a CBCT program was effective in anxiety and decision making but had no significant effects on outcomes in basic cognitive functions in patients who were already receiving cognitive training, possibly due to a ceiling effect. They suggest future studies should compare the efficacy of CBCT with TCT in naïve patients.
Adult abuse and the law
- Author:
- CLEMENTS Luke
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 20.7.00, 2000, p.28.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
When it comes to protecting adults from abuse the law is weak, and social workers have little power to intervene. Explains how European legal bodies are changing things for the better.
Paternalistic intervention in mental health care
- Author:
- CHAN Pam
- Journal article citation:
- Nursing Times, 9.9.98, 1998, pp.52-53.
- Publisher:
- Nursing Times
This article considers the relevance of paternalism in the care of people with impaired capacity. The author uses the finding of the Ritchie report as a vehicle to ask whether promoting autonomy may require the measured use of paternalistic intervention. Nurses may need to reconcile the public of the control function of mental health services with their professional assumptions about their therapeutic relationship with patients.
Occupational therapy in community mental health, Part 2: factors influencing choice
- Author:
- MEESON Beverley
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 61(2), February 1998, pp.57-62.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Part 1 of this article examined how frequently various intervention media were chosen by occupational therapists working in community mental health. An emphasis on anxiety management, problem solving and supportive counselling techniques was evident. In part 2, these therapists' rationale for therapy choices is explored.
Becoming an evidence-based practitioner
- Authors:
- LOWIS Mark M., HARRISON Jennifer Kirsty, WILAND Steve
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 55(1), 2019, pp.24-30.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Mental health and substance use disorders co-occur frequently, and are associated with poorer outcomes in life domains including housing, employment, health, and recovery. Finding evidence-based interventions for engagement and recovery can be a challenge for practitioners and organizations, as it involves accepting new interventions, and then implementing and measuring the results. However, practitioners frequently use their opinions or non-generalizable experiences rather than evidence-based findings to guide their practice. Medication-assisted therapy programmes, especially for individuals with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders, is an area of treatment where there are solid evidence-based outcome findings and where, nonetheless, many practitioners continue to use less-, or non-effective treatment approaches. Conflict between groups of staff using two different approaches can have serious negative impact on treatment outcome. These can be effectively addressed through a combination of education and interventions aimed at resolving intra-staff conflict. (Edited publisher abstract)
The Scottish parliament passes an Adults with Incapacity Bill
- Author:
- BRITTON Alison
- Journal article citation:
- Generations Review, 10(2), June 2000, pp.12-14.
- Publisher:
- British Society of Gerontology
Provides a general overview of the Adults with Incapacity (Scotland) Bill.