Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 14
Parent psychopathology and offspring mental disorders: results from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
- Authors:
- MCLAUGHLIN Katie A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 200(4), April 2012, pp.290-299.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Parent psychopathology is strongly linked with offspring psychiatric disorders. A central unanswered question is whether this is through a generalised vulnerability or confined to the particular disorder. Much of the research to date has examined a single or limited number of parent disorders without accounting for comorbidity which may have partially inflated specific associations. This study examine data from the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health Surveys (n = 51 507, covering 22 countries). Respondent disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and parent disorders with informant-based Family History Research Diagnostic Criteria interviews. Although virtually all parent disorders examined (major depressive, generalised anxiety, panic, substance and antisocial behaviour disorders and suicidality) were significantly associated with offspring disorders in multivariate analyses, little specificity was found. Comorbid parent disorders had significant sub-additive associations with offspring disorders. Population-attributable risk proportions for parent disorders were 12.4% across all offspring disorders, generally higher in high- and upper-middle- than low-/lower-middle-income countries, and consistently higher for behaviour (11.0-19.9%) than other (7.1-14.0%) disorders. The authors conclude that parent psychopathology is a robust non-specific predictor associated with a substantial proportion of offspring disorders.
The relationship between child abuse, parental divorce, and lifetime mental disorders and suicidality in a nationally representative adult sample
- Authors:
- AFIFI Tracie O., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 33(3), March 2009, pp.139-147.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
The objectives of this study were to determine how the experiences of child abuse and parental divorce are related to long-term mental health outcomes using a nationally representative adult sample after adjusting for sociodemographic variables and parental psychopathology. Data were drawn from the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS, n = 5,877; age 15–54 years; response rate 82.4%). Logistic regression models were used to determine the odds of experiencing lifetime psychiatric disorders and suicidal ideation and attempts. Parental divorce alone was associated with some psychiatric disorders after adjusting for sociodemographic variables, while child abuse alone was associated with psychiatric disorders and suicidal ideation and attempts after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. However, having experienced both parental divorce and child abuse together resulted in significantly increased odds for lifetime PTSD, conduct disorder and suicide attempts compared to having experienced either parental divorce or child abuse alone. These results were attenuated when further adjusting for parental psychopathology. When the experience of parental divorce is accompanied with child abuse, the associations with some poor mental health outcomes are significantly greater compared to the impact of either parental divorce or child abuse on its own. Therefore, parental divorce is an additional childhood adversity that significantly contributes to poor mental health outcomes especially when in combination with child abuse. Parental psychopathology attenuated these relationships suggesting that it may be one possible mechanism to explain the relationships between child abuse, parental divorce, and psychiatric disorders and suicide attempts.
Parental involvement as a factor in the readmission to a residential treatment center
- Authors:
- LAKIN Brittany, BRAMBILA Artemio D., SIGDA Kathy B.
- Journal article citation:
- Residential Treatment for Children and Youth, 22(2), 2004, pp.37- 52.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Parental involvement during treatment is examined as a factor in the recidivism to a children's residential treatment center (RTC). Data was collected on 89 children and adolescents from 5 to 17 years old from the University of New Mexico's Children's Psychiatric Center. Residents in the study had a variety of diagnoses, such as mood disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and Aspergers disorder. Patients with greater parental involvement (attendance in family therapy, number of weekly parent visits, telephone calls, and arranged therapeutic absences) showed a lower recidivism rate than those patients with lower levels of parental involvement. Patients with higher levels of parental involvement were also found to have better family functioning and less severe impairments in their own functioning at discharge. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Relationships among parental reports of child, parent, and family functioning
- Authors:
- KINSMAN Anne M., WILDMAN Beth G., SMUCKER William D.
- Journal article citation:
- Family Process, 38(3), 1999, pp.341-351.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Most children with psychosocial problems do not present for treatment in mental health settings. They are managed by primary care physicians. Children with psychosocial problems often have parents and/or families with psychosocial distress. This American study measured associations between parental reports of child, parent and family functioning in individuals in the general population. Parents reported on the psychosocial functioning of themselves, their child and their family. Similar data from psychiatric samples, the psychological functioning of children, parents and families were significantly correlated. Unlike in psychiatric settings, child mental health problems were not as closely related to parent or family distress as parent and family distress were related to each other and to child behaviour problems.
Adolescent problems: a practical guide for parents and teachers
- Authors:
- NICHOLSON Doula, AYERS Harry
- Publisher:
- David Fulton
- Publication year:
- 1997
- Pagination:
- 124p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
Presents current theories and a range of practical approaches to help teachers and parents develop strategies for dealing with the many different problems experienced by young people, particularly those with emotional or behavioural problems. Includes a list of organisations and structured interview forms. Also aimed at counsellors, social workers, and educational psychologists.
Is there an income gradient in child health?: it depends on whom you ask
- Authors:
- JOHNSTON David W., et al
- Publisher:
- Institute for Social and Economic Research
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 24p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Colchester
This research uses data from two British surveys conducted in 1999 and 2004, which looked at three aspects of children’s (11 and 15 years) developmental state - emotional difficulties, behaviour disorders and hyperactivity - from a parent, teacher, child (him/herself) and psychiatrist perspective. The study aimed to measure the reliability of using just one observer’s perspective in this area of research. Large differences existed between the four observer’s assessments, with low correlations between parents, teachers and children in terms of their Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) scores. Children assessed themselves more harshly than either teachers or parents, (teachers reported fewer symptoms than parents). Analysis of the income gradient estimated from data derived from one category of observer can result in different conclusions. Using SDQ scores a significant income gradient for emotional difficulties, behaviour disorders and hyperactivity is shown using parents’ or teachers’ assessments, whereas children’s self-assessments suggest an income gradient only exists for emotional difficulties. If these scores were used diagnostically quite different groups of cases would show as having mental health problems and those, in turn would differ significantly from psychiatric diagnoses. It is suggested that findings in this area may not robust and interpretations should define the source of the assessment.
An assessment of outcomes in outdoor behavioural healthcare treatment
- Author:
- RUSSELL Keith
- Journal article citation:
- Child and Youth Care Forum, 32(6), December 2003, pp.355-381.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Outdoor behavioural healthcare (OBH) is an emerging treatment that utilizes wilderness therapy to help adolescents struggling with behavioural and emotional problems. The approach involves immersion in wilderness or comparable lands, group living with wilderness leaders and peers, and individual and group therapy sessions facilitated by licensed therapists in the field. OBH also offers educational and psychoeducational curriculum all designed to reveal and address problem behaviors, foster personal and social responsibility, and enhance the emotional growth of clients. The extant studies on the effectiveness of OBH and wilderness therapy reveal consistent lack of theoretical basis, methodological shortcomings and results that are difficult to replicate. This publication reports the results of an outcome assessment for adolescent clients who received treatment in seven participating OBH programmes programs that averaged 45 days in length from May 1, 2000 to December 1, 2000. Adolescent client well-being was evaluated utilizing the Youth Outcome Questionnaire (Y-OQ) and the Self Report-Youth Outcome Questionnaire (SR Y-OQ) (Burlingame, Wells, & Lambert, 1995). Complete data sets at admission and discharge were collected for 523 client self-report and 372 parent assessments. Results indicated that at admission clients exhibited presenting symptoms similar to inpatient samples, which were on average significantly reduced at discharge. Follow-up assessments using a random sample of clients found that on average, outcomes had been maintained at 12-months posttreatment.
A solution-focused approach to mental health intervention in school settings
- Authors:
- GINGERICH Wallace J., WABEKE Todd
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Schools, 23(1), January 2001, pp.33-47.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This article describes the use of solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) for working with children who present with mental health problems in the school setting. SFBT eschews a pathology-based model of mental health, focusing instead on the client's strengths and desire to change. The article describes the techniques and application of SFBT and discusses the prevalence of child mental health problems. Emphasis throughout is placed on empirical support for the effectiveness of SFBT.
Randomised comparison of the effectiveness and costs of community and hospital based mental health services for children with behavioural disorders
- Authors:
- HARRINGTON Richard, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Medical Journal, 28.10.00, 2000, pp.1047-1050.
- Publisher:
- British Medical Association
This study tests the hypothesis that a community based intervention by secondary child and adolescent mental health services would be significantly more effective and less costly that a hospital based intervention. The results of the study suggest that the location of child mental health services may be less important than the range of services that they provide, which should include effective treatment for parents' mental health problems.
Group treatment for dually diagnosed adolescents: an empowerment-based approach
- Authors:
- LEE Mo-Yee, GAUCHER Richard
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work with Groups, 23(2), 2000, pp.55-78.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The study evaluates an empowerment-based group treatment programme for mild or moderate developmentally handicapped adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 who have a diagnosis of behavioural or psychiatric disorder. The framework was built around the concept of social competency, mastery and empowerment. Findings of the study indicated significant improvements in the social skills of dually diagnosed adolescents based on members' and parents' evaluations. In addition, staff's rating of parental participation was significantly associated with parents' evaluation of positive outcomes in their children. Implications of the study for treatment and research of dually diagnosed adolescents are discussed.