Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Application of DC-LD to an intellectual disability population
- Authors:
- TULLY John, SCHIRLIU Diana, MORAN Maria
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 6(5), 2012, pp.259-264.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
The Diagnostic Criteria for Psychiatric Disorders for Use with Adults with Learning Disabilities/Mental Retardation (DC-LD), introduced in 2003, was designed to improve accuracy of diagnosis in individuals with intellectual disability. An Irish study aimed to investigate its usefulness in a clinical setting. It involved interviews and review of chart notes with a sample of 50 patients within an intellectual disability service. This article describes the study methodology and results, and discusses the findings. It reports that there was considerable discrepancy between the rates of psychiatric diagnoses after application of DC-LD and rates of previously documented diagnoses within the sample, and that use of DC-LD led to the reclassification of many previously documented diagnoses, mainly as behavioural disorders. It concludes that the study adds to the evidence regarding the usefulness of the criteria, and highlights the shortcomings of non-systematic methods of diagnosis.
Differences in problems faced by families with a child coping with a serious emotional disorder or an adult member coping with mental illness
- Authors:
- POLLIO David E., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Service Research, 32(4), 2006, pp.83-98.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Examination of similarities and differences in the issues families face can help determine whether models for families with a child coping with serious emotional disorder (SED/behavioural disorder (BD))warrant inclusion in, or adaptation of, interventions for families with an adult member coping with a mental disorder. Families attending psychoeducation workshops identified problems faced in managing their family member's illness. Composite lists of problems generated by 175 participants were categorized and sorted, using previously established methods for determining reliability and validity. Fourteen categories were identified for children and fifteen for adults, with ten overlapping. Family members attending the child-focused workshops more often listed mood symptoms and problem behaviours. Family members attending the adult focused workshops more often listed family issues, denial and noncompliance, and positive symptoms of psychosis. Problems identified by families with a child coping with SED/BD may be sufficiently distinct from those of families with an adult coping with mental illness to warrant separate and distinct interventions. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Outcomes of conduct problems in adolescence: 40 year follow-up of national cohort
- Authors:
- COLMAN Ian, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Medical Journal, 24.1.09, 2008, pp.208-211.
- Publisher:
- British Medical Association
To describe long term outcomes associated with externalising behaviour in adolescence, defined in this study as conduct problems reported by a teacher, in a population based sample. A longitudinal study was used from age 13-53. Participants were 3,652 survey members assessed by their teachers for symptoms of externalising behaviour at age 13 and 15. Main outcome measures used were mental disorder, alcohol abuse, relationship difficulties, highest level of education, social class, unemployment, and financial difficulties at ages 36-53. 348 adolescents were identified with severe externalising behaviour, 1051 with mild externalising behaviour, and 2253 with no externalising behaviour. All negative outcomes measured in adulthood were more common in those with severe or mild externalising behaviour in adolescence, as rated by teachers, compared with those with no externalising behaviour. Adolescents with severe externalising behaviour were more likely to leave school without any qualifications, as were those with mild externalising behaviour, compared with those with no externalising behaviour. On a composite measure of global adversity throughout adulthood that included mental health, family life and relationships, and educational and economic problems, those with severe externalising behaviour scored significantly higher (40.1% in top quarter), as did those with mild externalising behaviour (28.3%), compared with those with no externalising behaviour (17.0%). Adolescents who exhibit externalising behaviour experience multiple social and health impairments that adversely affect them, their families, and society throughout adult life.
The origins and course of common mental disorders
- Authors:
- GOLDBERG David, GOODYER Ian
- Publisher:
- Routledge
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Pagination:
- 230p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
This book describes the nature, characteristics and causes of common emotional and behavioural disorders across the lifespan, providing an account or recent advances in our knowledge of the origins and history of anxious, depressive and behavioural disorders. Combining a lifespan approach with developments in neurobiology, this book describes the epidemiology of emotional and behavioural disorders in childhood, adolescence and adult life. Goldberg and Goodyer demonstrate how both genes and environments exert different but key effects on the development of these disorders and suggest a developmental model as the most appropriate for determining vulnerabilities for psychopathology.
Forensic implications of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adulthood
- Authors:
- COLLINS Philip, WHITE Tom
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Psychiatry, 13(2), September 2002, pp.263-284.
- Publisher:
- Routledge
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a condition that may be linked with poor psychosocial outcome, especially when persisting into adulthood. It is associated with psychiatric co-morbidity and may present both directly and indirectly with forensic sequelae. ADHD in adulthood is increasingly identified within society as an unmet mental health need that is erratically diagnosed and often mislabelled by psychiatric services. Forensic psychiatric services anecdotally appear to be increasingly involved in the assessment and treatment of this condition, a trend that seems likely to continue. This article seeks to highlight the major dilemmas, inconsistencies and knowledge gaps that currently surround ADHD in adulthood, which are of particular relevance to forensic psychiatry. It also pinpoints from the existing literature practices that may be beneficial when assessing and managing such cases in a forensic setting.
Reported sexual abuse and subsequent psychopathology among women attending psychology clinics: the mediating role of dissociation
- Authors:
- ROSS-GOWER Jo, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 37(3), September 1998, pp.313-326.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
While there is now a good clinical research base that outlines the links between reported sexual abuse and psychological symptoms and disorders, there is less of an understanding of the psychological processes mediating that relationship. This study assessed the role of dissociation as a mediator between reported sexual abuse and a range of psychopathological characteristics.
Severe stress and mental disturbance in children
- Editor:
- PFEFFER Cynthia R.
- Publisher:
- American Psychiatric Press
- Publication year:
- 1996
- Pagination:
- 697p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Washington, DC
Blends current research and clinical data on the effects of severe stress in children. Asks how major stressful events such as accidents, sexual abuse, violence, divorce, adoption, natural disasters, during the developmental stages relate to functioning in adulthood. Describes stressful situations such as accidents, suicide, and violent and sexual abuse. New areas of research, for example that of the stressful effects of sophisticated medical technology in the treatment of childhood life-threatening illnesses, are explored. Implicit in the emphasis on the book is the importance of integrating scientific inquiry with social policy planning.
Long-term affective disorder in people with mild learning disability
- Authors:
- RICHARDS Marcus, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 179, December 2001, pp.523-527.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This study aimed to determine risk of affective disorder in those classified with mild learning disability in the British 1946 birth cohort and to investigate whether this risk was accounted for by disadvantage in childhood and adulthood. Showed that learning disability was associated with a fourfold increase in risk of affective disorder, not accounted for by social and material disadvantage or by medical disorder.
Measuring outcomes for children: early parenting experiences, conflict, maladjustment and depression in adulthood
- Authors:
- BUCHANAN Ann, TEN BRINKE JoAnn
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 20(3), 1998, pp.251-278.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Based on longitudinal data from the National Child Development Study, the current study explores the relationships between different types of family difficulties and conflict, parenting experiences, maladjustment at 16, and the risk of depression in adult life. The best indicator that family difficulties and conflict were impinging on a particular child, with potentially long term psychological impacts, was the Rutter 'A' Health and Behaviour score at age 16. This study concludes that such measures could be more readily used in social work to monitor intervention and assess outcomes.
Do they grow out of it: long term outcomes of childhood disorders
- Editor:
- HECHTMAN Lily
- Publisher:
- American Psychiatric Press
- Publication year:
- 1996
- Pagination:
- 302p.,bibliogs.
- Place of publication:
- Washington, DC
Research study examining the outcomes of treatment for a wide range of mental health problems first presenting in childhood. Includes chapters on: research issues in longitudinal studies; attention deficit disorder; conduct disorder; childhood depression; suicidal behaviour; childhood anxiety disorders; obsessive-compulsive disorder; pervasive developmental, psychotic and allied disorders; and childhood speech and language disorders.