Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Getting to know Alfred Wallis
- Authors:
- TEALL Wendy, TORTORA Annie
- Journal article citation:
- A Life in the Day, 8(3), August 2004, pp.4-9.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Describes a research project set up in partnership with an art gallery and run by Start looking at how perceptions, attitudes and behaviours might be positively affected by specially developed, guided arts activities. It stimulated much thoughtful and perceptive feedback from participants, all of whom are mental health service users.
Utility of the behavioral model in predicting service utilization by individuals suffering from severe mental illness and homelessness
- Authors:
- LEMMING Matthew R., CALSYN Robert J.
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 40(4), August 2004, pp.347-364.
- Publisher:
- Springer
This study compared the effectiveness of the behavioral model to predict two service utilization variables: case manager visits and total services used. Nearly 4000 individuals who were homeless and suffered from severe mental illness provided data for the study. Enabling variables explained more variance of both service utilization variables than predisposing or need variables. Social support from professionals was the strongest predictor for both service utilization variables.
Changing conceptualizations of mental health and mental illness implications of "brain disease" and ”behavioral health” for social work
- Authors:
- TAYLOR Melissa Floyd, BENTLEY Kia J.
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Mental Health, 2(4), 2004, pp.1-16.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Conceptualizations of mental health and mental illness continue to be an important influence in shaping social work practice and education. By critically analyzing the emergence of the current concepts of “brain disease” and “behavioural health,” inquirers are able to better understand the stakeholders in this renaming process. The inherent assumptions and the sociopolitical aspects of these two concepts are analyzed. Recommendations for social work practitioners and educators in preparing for a future in which they will participate more fully in the professional dialog about changes in the vocabulary of mental illness and thus more meaningfully shape the service delivery system in general, and the social work domain, in particular, are offered. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580)
The link between mental health problems and violence behaviour
- Author:
- GREGORY Nathan
- Journal article citation:
- Nursing Times, 6.4.04, 2004, pp.34-36.
- Publisher:
- Nursing Times
Reviews literature on mental illness and violence with the aim of clarifying whether there is a link between the two. Concludes that while higher rates of violence have been found among people with mental illness, most studies have flaws and their results should be viewed with caution. Calls for the development of preventative strategies by providing appropriate support for people with mental health problems.
Models of madness: psychological, social and biological approaches to schizophrenia
- Editor:
- READ John
- Publisher:
- Brunner-Routledge
- Publication year:
- 2004
- Pagination:
- 373p.,bibliogs.
- Place of publication:
- Hove
Is schizophrenia an illness? Is madness preventable? This book argues that what psychiatrists call "schizophrenia" is not an illness. The book shows that hallucinations and delusions are understandable reactions to life events and circumstances rather than symptoms of a supposed genetic predisposition or biological disturbance. The book represents a range of disciplines and discusses the history, economics, and politics of madness. Contributors critique the "medical model" of madness, document the role of drug companies and outline research-based alternatives to diagnoses and drugs. Models of Madness promotes a more effective and humane approach to understanding and supporting severely distressed people.
The effects of light therapy on depressed elders
- Authors:
- TSAI Yun-Fang, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19(6), June 2004, pp.516-522.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Elderly depression has gradually become a severe issue in the health care system. No studies have focused on evaluating the effects of light therapy on the elderly with depression in a subtropical climate area. Experimental design was used. For the experimental group, patients sat in front of a light box, receiving 5000 lux in the morning. The light therapy course was administered for 50 minutes per day and lasted for 5 days. The control group did not receive any treatment. Depressive symptoms were significantly reduced in the experimental group at post-test but no significant decline was found in the control group. Based upon the results of this study, light therapy could be used to decrease depressive symptoms in the elderly.
Keeping wandering nursing home residents at the table: improving food intake using a behavioral communication intervention
- Authors:
- BEATTIE E. R. A., ALGASE D. L., SONG J.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 8(2), March 2004, pp.109-116.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The purpose of this multiple case design study (n¼3) with an embedded experiment was to determine the effect of the systematic use of a behavioral nursing intervention on the mealtime behavior of nursing home residents with probable Alzheimer’s disease. It was hypothesized that the systematic behavioural intervention would increase time spent seated during the meal and proportion of food consumed while decreasing the frequency of table-leaving events during mealtime. The intervention was designed to impact the proximal factors of physiological need and social interaction from the Need-Driven Behaviour Model. Results demonstrate that all cases were able to sit at the table longer and eat more food during the intervention, while body weight for all cases remained stable throughout the study. Two of the three cases left the table fewer times during the intervention. There were no statistically significant changes in proportion of fluids consumed in any case.
Music interventions for people with dementia: a review of the literature
- Authors:
- SHERRATT K., THORTON A., HATTON C.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 8(1), January 2004, pp.3-12.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This paper provides a qualitative review of 21 published articles of clinical empirical studies looking at the effects of a variety of music activities on the emotional and behavioural responses in people with dementia. General information is reviewed such as the setting and context of studies, research findings and explanatory variables. Methodological issues are also discussed, particularly in relation to observational methods, and theoretical frameworks such as the progressively lowered stress threshold model are evaluated. Music appears to have a range of applications in dementia care but previous reviews have highlighted methodological weaknesses of studies. Recommendations for future research include the use of continuous time sampling methodology and to record the duration of observed behaviours. This review paper also argues for the use of Kitwood's theory of personhood as a framework to inform and guide future research.
Understanding the interface of HIV, trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use and its implications for health outcomes
- Authors:
- BRIEF D. J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- AIDS Care, 16(Supplement 1), January 2004, pp.S97-S120.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Many individuals living with HIV have been exposed to some type of traumatic event during their lives and may be living with symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A substantial number of these individuals are also likely to show evidence of a co-morbid substance use disorder (SUD). There is reason to believe that the co-occurrence of HIV and PTSD or co-morbid PTSD and SUD (PTSD/SUD) may predict poorer health outcomes. There are several pathways through which PTSD or PTSD/SUD might adversely impact the health of individuals living with HIV, including participation in negative health behaviours, low levels of adherence to antiretroviral medications, and/or a direct, deleterious effect on immune function. Psychological interventions are needed to treat PTSD and PTSD/SUD in HIV-positive individuals, and reduce the negative impact of these conditions on health outcomes. This article will explore data on the prevalence of trauma exposure, PTSD, and PTSD/SUD among individuals living with HIV, the pathways through which these conditions might affect health, possible interventions for PTSD and PTSD/SUD for individuals living with HIV, and methods for integrating care for individuals with these disorders. Future directions for research related to HIV, PTSD, and PTSD/SUD are also be discussed.
Light therapy for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia
- Authors:
- SKJERVEArvid, BJORBATN Bjorn, HOLSTEN Fred
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19(6), June 2004, pp.516-522.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Reviews the literature concerning the efficacy, clinical practicability and safety of light treatment for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Data collection included computer literature searches (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Cochrane) and checks of references, covering the period of January 1980-September 2003. Trials were searched for evidence for treatment efficacy and for their consideration of the treatment's clinical practicability and evidence of adverse effects. Results from randomised controlled trials (RCT) indicated some evidence of improvement in aspects of sleep disturbances and circadian activity rhythmicity. One RCT study indicated better response in patients with vascular dementia compared to Alzheimer's disease. By and large, non-RCT studies reported improvement in BPSD including sleep disturbances, agitation and activity rhythm disturbances. Few studies commented on the treatment's practicability and safety. Although there is some evidence for influence of light therapy on sleep and circadian activity rhythmicity, it is not possible to draw any conclusion about efficacy of light therapy for BPSD, or about practicability in clinical settings and safety. There are still too few well designed studies. Suggestions for further research are presented.