Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 43
Confusional State Evaluation (CSE): an instrument for measuring severity of delirium in the elderly
- Authors:
- ROBERTSSON B., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 170, June 1997, pp.565-570.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Presents the results of a study which aimed to construct a reliable and valid instrument for measuring delirium or confusional state in older people. Results of the study found that the CSE instrument was a useful and reliable measurement which can be used to follow the course of confusion.
Screening of dementia in community-dwelling elderly through informant report
- Authors:
- MORALES Jose-Manuel, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 12(8), August 1997, pp.808-816.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Screening tools for cognitive decline still have low accuracy for dementia, mainly in cases of mild dementia. All of them are affected by factors such as age, sex educational level, sensory deficits and several mental disorders. This study validates a Spanish version (S-IQCODE) of the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (I-QCODE), a dementia screening questionnaire in Spanish population-based samples. The results obtained with the S-IQCODE show that it could possibly be applied in screening for dementia in community-dwelling elderly.
Range of mental illness among the elderly in the community: prevalence in Liverpool using the GMS-AGECAT package
- Authors:
- COPELAND J.R.M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, June 1987, pp.815-823.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
-
Instrumental activities of daily living in the screening of dementia in population studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Authors:
- CASTILLA-RILO Juan, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22(9), September 2007, pp.829-836.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Despite the fact that the current definitions of dementia in the DSM-IV and ICD-10 require functional deterioration for the diagnosis of dementia, it is not necessary a formal evaluation of functional capacity. The objectives was to examine the efficiency of functional assessment as a method of screening dementia in population studies. This systematic review was based on information from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Index Médico Español (IME), and related articles. The studies included are population studies of patients over 65, in which normal and demented (established diagnosis) subjects are compared. In all of them, subjects were evaluated using the instrumental activities of daily living scale (IADL) as the method of screening for dementia. Two thousand three hundred and three abstracts and bibliographical references were reviewed. The authors of the selected studies were contacted and asked about other ongoing studies or indexes not included in the review in order to complete a meta-analysis. Finally, five studies were selected (n = 11.960). A meta-analysis was performed, with a statistical Q* value of 0.88 (SE 0.26). The functional assessment of the IADL showed an acceptable efficiency for the screening of dementia in the population studies included in this review, although few studies have verified this efficiency (sensitivity and specificity of the scales used). Further research is necessary in this field to be able to draw definitive conclusions.
Clinical utility of computed tomography in the assessment of dementia: a memory clinic study
- Authors:
- CONFEDER Kelly A., HAWORTH Judith, WILCOCK Gordon K.
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19(5), May 2004, pp.414-427.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Seeks to define the influence of computed tomography (CT) on clinical decision-making in the outpatient evaluation of dementia. A case series in which two physicians reviewed standardised data extracted from clinical records, first blind to CT results, and then with CT results. Clinical decisions made with and without the input of CT were compared. The study was based in an outpatient referral centre for the assessment of memory disorders and dementia. The study involved 146 participants who were diagnosed with dementia after their first clinic visit, had Mini Mental State Examination scores >12, were aged >65 years, and had no history of neurologic disease. CT impacted on diagnosis in an average of 12% (±2), and on treatment plan in 11% (±2) of cases. Physicians predicted a priori which cases CT may influence with an average sensitivity of 28% (±2), and specificity of 78.5% (±1.5). There was no statistically significant relationship between diagnostically uncertain cases and helpful CT scans [average 2 = 1.121 (±1.116), p = ns]. Blind to CT physicians appropriately identified cerebrovascular disease with an average sensitivity of 63% (±3), and specificity of 93.5% (±3.5). In the outpatient setting, CT may be expected to impact on diagnosis and treatment of dementia in 10% to 15% of cases. Memory clinic physicians recognise and treat cerebrovascular risk factors with reasonable sensitivity and specificity without the input of CT.
The prevalence and correlates of capacity to consent to a geriatric psychiatry admission
- Authors:
- MUKHERJEE S., SHAH A.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 5(4), November 2001, pp.335-339.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Reports on a study to ascertain the prevalence and correlates of the lack of capacity to consent to geriatric psychiatry inpatient admission. All consecutive acute inpatient admissions to a geriatric psychiatry unit over a six-month period were examined by an independent research psychiatrist (SM). The overall prevalence of lack of capacity to consent to geriatric psychiatry inpatient admission was 48%. It was associated with a diagnosis of dementia, increased severity of cognitive impairment, reduced insight and detention under the Mental Health Act. These findings require replication in a larger multi-centre study. A large number of psychiatric patients are informally admitted despite lacking the capacity to consent to the admission because they do not dissent. These patients do not enjoy the safeguards available under the Mental Health Act.
Factors associated with informant-rated personality problems in an elderly population
- Authors:
- JACOMB P.A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 4(1), February 2000, pp.36-42.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Using data collected over two waves, 3.6 years apart, this study examined dementia-related personality problems in a general population sample of Australian persons aged 70 years and older, including both those living in the community and those in residential care. Examines personality problem across a range of cognitive function, from those who were unimpaired to those with a diagnosis of dementia. Also looks at the association between the emergence of personality problems and other characteristics of the respondent (physical and mental health) and the informant (relationship to the respondent, mental health.
Anxiety disorders in dementia sufferers
- Authors:
- BALLARD Clive, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 11(11), November 1996, pp.987-990.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
One hundred and fifty-eight consecutive patients attending a university memory clinic were assessed using variety of standardized instruments. Dementia was diagnosed according to DSM-III-R criteria. One hundred and nine patients had DSM-II-R dementia. None of the cognitive or demographic variables were significantly associated with the presence of anxiety symptoms. Three main categories of anxiety symptoms were evident - anxiety related to depression, anxiety related to psychosis and anxiety to interpersonal situations.
Recognition of mental health problems by doctors and social workers
- Authors:
- COHEN J., FISHER M.
- Journal article citation:
- Practice: Social Work in Action, 1(3), 1987, pp.225-240.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Reviews previous research on the prevalence of dementia in the community, reports on a recent study and argues that there is a high prevalence of mental illness among people in contact with social services.
What are subjective cognitive difficulties and do they matter?
- Authors:
- OPDEBEECK Carol, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Age and Ageing, 48(1), 2019, pp.122-127.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Background: Subjective cognitive difficulties (SCD) have been associated with a higher risk of developing dementia. However, there is large variation in the way SCD are assessed and in their associations with cognitive functioning. Objective: To compare the agreement of different SCD measures in identifying people with SCD and to investigate whether SCD are more strongly associated with cognitive functioning, mood, subjective age or background variables. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 206 community-dwelling people aged ≥65. SCD were assessed with individual domain specific questions and a multiple-item scaled measure. Performance on tests of memory, attention, and executive function, and ratings of mood, subjective age and demographic information were recorded. Results: There was some classification overlap between the five measures of SCD, however of the 64 people identified as having SCD, only one person appeared in all five measures of SCD and 34 people were classified by one measure only. There were limited associations between SCD and objective cognition, with more consistent associations with mood and subjective age. Conclusions: Tthe conflicting evidence regarding whether SCD are related to objective cognition and future risk of dementia may be due to different measures of SCD being employed. Careful consideration and standardisation is recommended regarding the cognitive domains and the reference groups for comparison, the response structure and the classification criteria. Longitudinal studies of SCD that include these considerations are needed to clarify the conceptual utility of SCD. (Publisher abstract)