Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Skin-Picking in individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome: prevalence, functional assessment, and its comorbidity with compulsive and self-injurious behaviours
- Authors:
- DIDDEN Robert, KORZILIUS Hubert, CURFS Leopold M G
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 20(5), September 2007, pp.409-419.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) are at increased risk for mental health and behaviour problems, such as skin-picking and compulsive behaviours. Prevalence and functional assessment of skin-picking, and its association with compulsive behaviour and self-injury, were investigated in a large group of individuals with PWS (n = 119) from the Netherlands. Data on demographic characteristics, skin-picking and compulsive and self-injurious behaviours were collected by questionnaires. Behavioural function of skin-picking was assessed by administering the Questions About Behavioral Function scale. Skin-picking was found in 86% of the sample, and correlated positively with compulsive behaviours. No associations were found between skin-picking and other variables. Functional assessment suggest that in most cases (i.e. 70%) skin-picking primarily had non-social functions. Skin-picking and compulsive behaviours are common in PWS. In most cases, skin-picking may be maintained by contingent arousal reduction. Controlled studies on behavioural treatment are lacking. Implications for treatment selection are discussed.
The Maudsley long-term follow-up of child and adolescent depression: 1; psychiatric outcomes in adulthood
- Authors:
- FOMBONNE Eric, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 179, September 2001, pp.210-217.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Strong links exist between juvenile and adult depression but comorbid conduct disorder in childhood may mitigate this continuity. This article aims to test the impact of comorbid conduct disorder on psychiatric adult outcomes. A group of 149 subjects assessed at the Maudsley Hospital in the period 1970-1983 and meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder with or without conduct disorder were interviewed 20 years later. Data were collected on the lifetime history of psychiatric disorders. Found that adult depressive recurrence was high for major depression (62.4%) and any depression (75.2%) and survival analyses showed no difference between the two groups. The group with conduct disorders had higher rates of drug misuse and dependence, alcoholism and antisocial personality disorders. Concludes that adolescent depression carries an elevated risk of adult depression irrespective of comorbidity. Comorbid conduct disorder in childhood is associated with raised rates of other psychiatric outcomes.
Assessment of childhood disorders
- Editors:
- MASH Eric J., BARKLEY Russell A., (eds.)
- Publisher:
- Guilford Press
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 866p.
- Place of publication:
- New York
- Edition:
- 4th ed.
This revised edition focuses on contemporary perspectives on the assessment of childhood psychological disorders and also covers best practices and state of the art approaches to the evaluation of the disorders. The editors gather together contributions from prominent authorities who present evidence-based approaches that can be used in planning, implementing, and evaluating real-world clinical services across an array of child and adolescent mental health problems and risks. Coverage includes: behaviour disorders, mood disorders and suicide risk, anxiety disorders, developmental disorders, children at risk of maltreatment, and adolescent problems. The book emphasises the need to evaluate clients' strengths as well as their deficits, and to take into account the developmental, biological, familial, and cultural contexts of problem behaviour.
The mental health needs of young people with emotional and behavioural difficulties: working with vulnerable young people
- Authors:
- COLE Ted, et al
- Publisher:
- Mental Health Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2002
- Pagination:
- 61p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
This report seeks to identify the mental health needs of children and young people experiencing emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD) in English special schools for EBD an pupil referral units. It examines how mental needs are currently met in these institutions and the changes needed at local, national and individual institutional levels.
Psychotic symptoms and violence toward others : a literature review of some preliminary findings; part two, hallucinations
- Author:
- BJORKLY Stal
- Journal article citation:
- Aggression and Violent Behavior, 7(6), November 2002, pp.605-615.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
According to the clinical impressions of a number of authors and mental health professionals, an increased risk of violence is associated with the presence of hallucinations and in particular command hallucinations. In contrast to this, some empirical studies have reported that there is no evidence of such a relationship. The present review examines the role of hallucinations in violence toward others. Possible empirical evidence for a violence-escalating interaction between delusions and hallucinations is also analyzed. Among the main findings were: There appears to be no evidence that auditory command hallucinations are dangerous per se. However, there is some evidence that voices ordering acts of violence toward others may increase compliance and thereby be conducive to violent behavior. Finally, the evidence for or against the existence of a possible violence-escalating interaction between delusions and hallucinations is inconclusive.
Psychotic symptoms and violence toward others : a literature review of some preliminary findings; part one, delusions
- Author:
- BJORKLY Stal
- Journal article citation:
- Aggression and Violent Behavior, 7(6), November 2002, pp.616-631.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
The main scope of this article is to delineate some findings from a review of the literature concerning the possible impact of delusions on violence toward others by psychiatric patients. According to this review, studies on a possible association between delusions and increased risk of violence are scarce, but steadily growing, and have shown some interesting results. However, since delusions are also common in nonviolent psychiatric patients, there is emerging evidence that our attention should be directed to specific hallmarks of delusions that indicate an increased risk of violence.
Psychosocial interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems: A review
- Author:
- HATTON Chris
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 11(4), August 2002, pp.357-373.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
This article briefly reviews existing evidence concerning psychosocial interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems. Research evidence concerning the epidemiology of mental health problems in adults with intellectual disabilities is discussed, focusing on issues in the reliable and valid identification of mental health problems in this user group and the results of prevalence studies. Current evidence concerning the use and effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for people with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems is then outlined. Particular attention is paid to cognitive-behavioural interventions. Finally, issues concerned with adapting psychosocial interventions for people with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems are discussed.
The social work and human services treatment planner
- Authors:
- WODARSKI John S., et al
- Publisher:
- Wiley
- Publication year:
- 2001
- Pagination:
- 201p.
- Place of publication:
- New York
Aims to provide all the elements required to develop formal treatment plans for a variety of presenting problems, both psychiatric and social. Describes in a workbook format the behavioural manifestations of each problem, treatment goals and treatment options.
Relationship of behavioral and psychological symptoms to cognitive impairment and functional status in Alzheimer's disease
- Authors:
- HARWOOD Dylan G., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 15(5), May 2000, pp.393-400.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This cross-sectional study examined the relationship of behavioural and psychological symptoms to cognitive and functional impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The results suggest that some non-cognitive symptoms may be related to the neurobiologic mechanisms underlying the increased cognitive dysfunction in AD. Specific symptoms of behavioural pathology may also impact a patient's ability to perform important self-maintenance behaviours.
An integrative conceptual framework for assessing and treating suicidal behavior in adolescents
- Authors:
- RUDD M. David, JOINTER Thomas E.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Adolescence, 21(4), August 1998, pp.489-498.
- Publisher:
- Academic Press
Suicidal adolescents represent uniquely demanding clinical population. Regardless of psychotherapeutic orientation, the existing standards of care demand a relatively broad and integrative approach with multiple and specific treatment targets, as well as ongoing and repeated risk assessment. This article provides an integrative conceptual framework for these tasks in day to day clinical practice with essentially two goals: (1) to provide a summary of therapeutic and assessment tasks consistent with existing standards of care and supported by empirical findings, and (2) to emphasise the varied roles, tasks, demands and limitations of psychotherapy with suicidal adolescents.