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The Zarit Burden interview: a new short version and screening version
- Authors:
- BEDARD Michael, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 41(5), October 2001, pp.652-657.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
The purpose of the study was to develop a short and a screening version of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) that would be suitable across diagnostic groups of cognitively impaired older adults, and that could be used for cross-sectional,longitudinal, and intervention studies. The authors used data from 413 care givers of cognitively impaired older adults referred to a memory clinic and collected information on caregiver burden with the 22-item ZBI, and information about dependence in activities of daily living (ADLs) and the frequency of problem behaviours among care recipients. We used factor analysis and item-total correlations to reduce the number of items while taking into consideration diagnosis and change scores. From this they produced a 12-item version (short) and a 4-item version (screening) of the ZBI. Correlations between the short and the full version ranged from 0.92 to 0.97, and from 0.83 to 0.93 for the screening version. Correlation between the three versions and ADL and problem behaviours were similar. We further investigated the behaviour of the short version with a two-way analysis of variance and found that it produced identical results to the full version. The short and screening versions of the ZBI produced results comparable to those of the full version. Reducing the number of item did not affect the properties of the ZBI, and it may lead to easier administration of the instrument.
Social workers dis-approved?
- Author:
- GLOVER-WRIGHT David
- Journal article citation:
- Openmind, 109, May 2001, p.21.
- Publisher:
- MIND
Looks at the role of approved social workers in mental health assessment, and the proposed changes outlined in the White Paper on reforming the Mental Health Act.
The prevalence and correlates of capacity to consent to a geriatric psychiatry admission
- Authors:
- MUKHERJEE S., SHAH A.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 5(4), November 2001, pp.335-339.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Reports on a study to ascertain the prevalence and correlates of the lack of capacity to consent to geriatric psychiatry inpatient admission. All consecutive acute inpatient admissions to a geriatric psychiatry unit over a six-month period were examined by an independent research psychiatrist (SM). The overall prevalence of lack of capacity to consent to geriatric psychiatry inpatient admission was 48%. It was associated with a diagnosis of dementia, increased severity of cognitive impairment, reduced insight and detention under the Mental Health Act. These findings require replication in a larger multi-centre study. A large number of psychiatric patients are informally admitted despite lacking the capacity to consent to the admission because they do not dissent. These patients do not enjoy the safeguards available under the Mental Health Act.
Mind over matter
- Author:
- DOBSON Alex
- Journal article citation:
- Care and Health Guide, 9, December 2001, pp.20-21.
- Publisher:
- Care and Health
In December 2000 the Government published a mental health White Paper to radically reform existing legislation, including doing away with the prominent role that social workers held in sectioning decisions. Reports how, one year on, professionals in the sector are still adamant that social work input is an important ingredient in care for most mental health users.
Risk: finding the way through opposing demands
- Author:
- KHOO Richard
- Journal article citation:
- Care Plan, 8(1), September 2001, pp.18-21.
- Publisher:
- Positive Publications/ Anglia Polytechnic University, Faculty of Health and Social Work
Involving the mental health service user in the assessment of risk is now advocated as good practice. Discusses how the practitioner can steer a course between maximising the autonomy of the patient and safeguarding the public. Discusses the concept of risk and its implications for service users and practitioners.
Violence and mental disorder: a critical aid to the assessment and management of risk
- Authors:
- BLUMENTHAL Steven, LAVENDER Tony
- Publisher:
- Jessica Kingsley
- Publication year:
- 2001
- Pagination:
- 192p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
The authors of this book have carried out a literature review on violence and mental disorder to be utilised by clinicians, researchers and policy makers working in this area. It is intended as a reference book for mental health professionals, whose day to day work involves assessing and managing those thought to at risk of engaging in violence. The book intends to take the debate about violence into new territory by increasing the reader’s understanding of the wide range of factors associated with the commission of violence. It is also intended as an up to date academic review of the literature, detailing research and commentary to assist academic researchers.
The Maudsley long-term follow-up of child and adolescent depression: 1; psychiatric outcomes in adulthood
- Authors:
- FOMBONNE Eric, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 179, September 2001, pp.210-217.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Strong links exist between juvenile and adult depression but comorbid conduct disorder in childhood may mitigate this continuity. This article aims to test the impact of comorbid conduct disorder on psychiatric adult outcomes. A group of 149 subjects assessed at the Maudsley Hospital in the period 1970-1983 and meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder with or without conduct disorder were interviewed 20 years later. Data were collected on the lifetime history of psychiatric disorders. Found that adult depressive recurrence was high for major depression (62.4%) and any depression (75.2%) and survival analyses showed no difference between the two groups. The group with conduct disorders had higher rates of drug misuse and dependence, alcoholism and antisocial personality disorders. Concludes that adolescent depression carries an elevated risk of adult depression irrespective of comorbidity. Comorbid conduct disorder in childhood is associated with raised rates of other psychiatric outcomes.
Adolescents' self-reported problems as predictors or psychopathology in adulthood: 10-year follow-up study
- Authors:
- HOFSTRA Marijke B., VAN DER ENDE Jan, VERHULST Frank C.
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 179, September 2001, pp.203-209.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Knowledge of the course of psychopathology from adolescence into adulthood is needed to answer questions concerning origins and prognosis of psychopathology across a wide age range. This article investigates the 10-year course and predictive value of self-reported problems in adolescence in relation to psychopathology in adulthood. Subjects from the general population in the Netherlands aged 11-19 years, were assessed with the Youth Self-Report (YSR) at initial assessment, and with the Young Adult Self-Report (YASR), the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and three sections of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) 10 years later. Of the subjects with deviant YSR total problem scores, 23% (males) and 22% (females) had deviant YASR total problem scores at follow-up. Subjects with initial deviant YSR total problem, internalising and externalising scores had higher prevalences of DSM-IV diagnoses at follow-up. Concludes that adolescent problems tended to persist into adulthood to a moderate degree. High rates of problems during adolescence are risk factors for psychiatric disorders in adulthood.
Multimodal assessment of dissociation in adolescents: inpatients and juvenile sex offenders
- Authors:
- FRIEDRICH William N., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Sexual Abuse a Journal of Research and Treatment, 13(3), July 2001, pp.167-177.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Two samples of adolescents were studied to assess the validity of several measures of dissociation. The first sample included 70 males from residential treatment programme for adolescent sex offenders (ASO). The second were 47 psychiatric inpatients. The measures included the DSM-IV field trial questionnaire for Dissociative Experiences Schedule, Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children and the Dissociation Research scale. Ten of the 70 adolescent sex offender subjects were identified as meeting DSM-IV criteria for a Dissociation-spectrum disorder diagnosis and two of the psychiatric patients. Between-groups analyses with the ASO revealed significant differences on the Child Dissociative Checklist and the Dissociation Research Scale. Cumulative trauma did not differ significantly between the Dissociative and non-dissociative groups of ASO, but physical abuse was related to a diagnosis of dissociation in this sample. The dissociation measures were highly intercorrelated for both groups, and suggest that they measure a similar construct.
Control or co-operation?
- Author:
- GEORGE Mike
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 9.8.01, 2001, pp.34-35.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Senior practitioner David Godfrey has been trying to improve the living conditioned of an older women with a personality disorder for the past seven years. The author reports on the difficulties of providing help to an unco-operative client while giving them a large amount of independence.