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Dual diagnosis and drinking behaviors in an outpatient treatment seeking sample of adolescents with alcohol use disorders
- Authors:
- DEAS Deborah, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 2(1), 2005, pp.47-57.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Co-occurring psychiatric disorders are common in adolescents with substance abuse. This American study examined this relationship to investigate whether certain psychiatric disorders impact severity of drinking behaviours in adolescents with alcohol use disorders. Thirty four outpatient adolescents with alcohol use disorders for comorbid psychiatric disorders using the K-SADS were examined. Their drinking behaviour patterns were examined using the Time-Line Follow-Back. The alcohol drinking parameters were (1) drinks per drinking day (DDD), (2) percent heavy drinking days (PHD), (3) percent heavy drinking days when drinking (PHDD), and (4) percent days abstinent (PDA). Results revealed no significant effect of either ODD or any mood/anxiety disorder on drinking indices; MANOVA revealed a significant effect of ADHD diagnosis. Univariate analysis showed that for all four drinking indices, the group with ADHD had more severe alcohol use. The results suggest that adolescents with ADHD who meet diagnostic criteria for alcohol use disorders have greater drinking severity than those without ADHD. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Comorbid psychiatric disorders and alcohol-related injury among adolescents and young adults treated in emergency departments
- Authors:
- KELLY Thomas M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 2(1), 2005, pp.27-46.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study investigates the prevalence and comorbidity of psychiatric disorders among 215 patients aged 12-20 years-old treated in emergency departments in the United States; and to determine whether young people with specific comorbid psychiatric disorders are at greater risk for alcohol-related medical events than their peers. Comprehensive psychiatric interviews were conducted with participants outside the emergency department. Latent class analysis was used to determine participant clusters based on DSM-IV psychiatric diagnoses and emergency treatment for an alcohol-related medical event as indicator variables, while controlling for covariates. A three-cluster model: (1) n = 90, 42%; (2) n = 65, 31%; and (3) n = 57 (27%) provided the best fit to the data. None of the participants in Cluster 1 were treated for alcohol-related events. All members of Cluster 2 were treated for alcohol-related events but only 23% were diagnosed with an alcohol use disorder. Thirty-two members of Cluster 3 (56%) were treated for alcohol-related events and Cluster 3 members were significantly higher than members of Clusters 1 and 2 on rates of: (1) alcohol use disorders, (2) drug use disorders, and 3) disruptive behaviour disorders. One group treated in the ED in this study is at low risk for alcohol-related injury. Conversely, one at risk-group may require brief interventions of low intensity while the other at-risk group displays high rates of comorbid psychiatric disorders and frequently engages in risk-taking behaviours, placing them at highest-risk for experiencing alcohol related injuries. Reduction of alcohol-related injuries in young drinkers depends on differentiating high and low risk drinkers in the emergency department and providing, or referring them to appropriate treatment. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Comparison of the internal state scale to clinician-administered assessments in patients with bipolar disorder and alcohol abuse or dependence
- Authors:
- SRISINROONGRUANG Rattapol, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 1(3), 2005, pp.61-69.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Self-report measures require less clinician time to administer than clinician-rated assessments. The Internal State Scale (ISS) is a well-validated self-report measure that assesses symptoms of mania and depression in patients with bipolar disorder (BPD). However, the ISS has never been specifically evaluated in patients with BPD and comorbid substance misuse. Substances can induce mood symptoms complicating diagnosis and mood state assessment. The ISS was compared with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) in 21 patients with BPD and alcohol abuse/dependence at baseline and for up to 16 weeks postbaseline. In addition, ISS-determined mood state was compared to mood state from a structured diagnostic interview. Significant baseline correlations were observed between the ISS depression subscale and HRSD, ISS activation subscale and YMRS, and ISS perceived conflict subscale and BPRS. Significant correlations of baseline to exit change scores were found between the ISS activation and YMRS, but not ISS depression and HRSD, or ISS perceived conflict and BPRS. All participants had a mixed mood state by structured diagnostic interview. The ISS diagnosed the manic/hypomanic portion of this mood state in 76% of participants but found depression in only 38%. As in BPD patients without substance abuse, the ISS generally showed correlations with clinician-rated scales at baseline, with less strong correlations observed on change scores. The ISS diagnosis of mania or hypomania appeared to correspond more highly than depression with the findings from a structured diagnostic interview.(Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580)
Children of alcoholics: the UK's largest survey
- Author:
- GILVARRY Catherine
- Journal article citation:
- Addiction Today, 17(96), September 2005, pp.23-25.
- Publisher:
- Addiction Recovery Foundation
The author interprets survey findings from the National Association for Children of Alcoholics and reviews the literature to give an evidence based for diagnosing and helping children of alcohol-dependent parents.
Common mental disorders in a young urban population in Colombia
- Authors:
- HARPHAM Trudy, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 187(2), August 2005, pp.161-167.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This study measures the prevalence of common mental disorders among low-income young people in the city of Cali, Colombia and to examine associations with violence and social capital. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire was administered to 1057 young people aged 15-25 years. Social capital, violence, alcoholism and socio-demographic variables were also measured. The results found 255 young people (24%) with common mental disorders. Being a woman, having limited education and experiencing high levels of violence were the main risk factors for common mental disorders. Social capital did not emerge as a risk factor. The study found a large burden of mental ill health among young people was found; this requires urgent interventions and more research on the mechanisms which link mental health and violence.
The people we serve
- Author:
- CRUSE Wendy
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work Now: the Practice Journal of Child, Youth and Family, 30, April 2005, pp.20-26.
- Publisher:
- Child, Youth and Family (Department of Child, Youth and Family Services, Te Tari Awhina I te Tamaiti, te Rangatahi, tae atu ki te Whanau)
A large number of families who come to the attention of Child, Youth and Family are affected by alcohol, drugs, mental health problems and/or family violence. In order to put forward robust arguments for better resources, this study aimed to quantify these issues. The article presents a profile of the characteristics of families brought to the attention of Child, Youth and Family departments in and area of New Zealand. The profile was extracted from a professional quality assurance sample of 472 cases drawn for analysing work quality. Analyses the cases in terms of broad categories of referral, serious recurring issues, interrelationships and the number of identified issues per case. The main results came from the analysis: high levels of serious issues in families where there are notifications of sexual play, results highlight the dangers of growing up in a multiple-partner household; finally within the framework of the research little was known about youth justice clients.
Kriseramte pædagoger og omsorgssvigtede børn i Grønland
- Authors:
- BISGAARD Naussúnguaq, MICHELSEN Vagn
- Journal article citation:
- Nordisk Sosialt Arbeid, 25(2), 2005, pp.155-159.
- Publisher:
- Universitetsforlaget AS
The article is about educators working at Greenlandic residential homes for children and youth, who are overburdened with work and consequently burnt out. It is also about children and youth who have suffered serious neglect of care, and sexual abuse, physical and mental violence in families with alcohol abuse and mental illness. Overburdened and burnt out educators together with these children and youth is a really bad combination that keeps them in their problematic life situation. The Greenlandic educators have taken the matter into their own hands and, as a start, have implemented supplementary training for 25 per cent of their members. Now they are waiting for the political and administrative decision-makers to follow up with the necessary resources.
Links between drug and alcohol misuse and psychiatric disorders
- Author:
- LITTLEJOHN Christopher
- Journal article citation:
- Nursing Times, 4.1.05, 2005, pp.34-37.
- Publisher:
- Nursing Times
Substance use is common in a wide range of psychiatric disorders, which can increase the risks of use developing into a substance use disorder. Conversely, substance use disorders are frequently accompanied by psychiatric symptoms. In some people these indicate formal psychiatric disorder. Whatever the causes, comorbidity may complicate treatment and resolution of both disorders, often presenting as a vicious circle that is difficult to break.