Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Childhood IQ in relation to later psychiatric disorder. Evidence from a Danish birth cohort study
- Authors:
- BATTY G. David, MORTENSEN Erik L., OSLER Merete
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 187(2), August 2005, pp.180-181.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Studies examining the relationship between early-life IQ and the risk of subsequent psychiatric disorder in adulthood are scarce. In the present investigation, the childhood IQ scores of 7022 singleton-born Danish males were linked to psychiatric hospital discharge records in adulthood. IQ scores were inversely related to the risk of total psychiatric illness, with the highest levels apparent in the lowest scoring IQ group. Adjusting for paternal occupational social class and birth weight had only a small attenuating effect. Low childhood IQ may have an aetiological role in the development of adult total psychiatric disorder.
Area social fragmentation, social support for individuals and psychosocial health in young adults: evidence from a national survey in England
- Authors:
- FAGG James, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Science and Medicine, 66(2), January 2008, pp.242-254.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This paper uses national survey data for young adults in England to explore empirically the relationships between social fragmentation in communities (measured for geographical areas), social support experienced by individuals from their immediate social circle, and psychosocial health of young adults. After reviewing previous research about these associations, an empirical approach was adopted, which was innovative in using data on area social fragmentation from a different source to the survey data on individuals. The relevance for mental health of interactions between individual social support and area social fragmentation was also examined, as well as their independent associations with health. To test these ideas empirically, the authors present a statistical analysis, using survey data from the national Health Survey for England on young people aged 16–24 years, linked to a geographical indicator of social fragmentation, derived from the population census and with a measure of material poverty. The outcome variable was distress measured by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). In a logistic regression model that controls for grouping of individuals within areas data on individuals’ sex, ethnic group, employment status, social class and educational level were included. Controlling for these indicators, it was demonstrated that risk of individual distress (indicated by GHQ score of 3+) was significantly and positively associated with area social fragmentation and there was a significant association with social support received within the individual's immediate social circle, which was negative (‘protective’). An index of material poverty in one's area of residence did not predict individual distress. There was no evidence that social support was more ‘protective’ in areas of greatest social fragmentation. While being in employment was associated with better mental health in this sample, higher educational level was associated with worse average levels of distress (controlling for age). The policy implications of the findings are considered
From budgets to caseloads - nationwide study reveals wide differences in care management
- Author:
- -
- Journal article citation:
- Care Plan, 5(2), December 1998, pp.34-38.
- Publisher:
- Positive Publications/ Anglia Polytechnic University, Faculty of Health and Social Work
Describes research into care management for older people and people with mental health problems that shows a broad national picture of the different forms of care management.
Coronavirus: the consequences for mental health: the ongoing impact of the coronavirus pandemic on people with mental health problems across England and Wales
- Author:
- MIND
- Publisher:
- MIND
- Publication year:
- 2021
- Pagination:
- 33
- Place of publication:
- London
This research explores the experiences of people with mental health problems during the pandemic, based on data from two surveys – one with adults (aged 25+) and one with young people (aged 13-24) living in England and Wales. Eighty-five per cent of adults and ninety-one per cent of young people answering our survey have experienced mental distress or accessed mental health services. Most of those without lived experience care for someone with a mental health problem. The report finds that: people who struggled before now struggle more – they report an increase in the severity of challenges they are facing now and concerns about the future, and urgently need tailored support; nearly half of those who took part in our survey thought their mental health would improve once restrictions eased – however, people are most worried about the transition to seeing and being near others; coronavirus has heightened inequality – people receiving benefits have been hit particularly hard and are experiencing increasingly severe and complex problems; young people who struggle with their mental health were more likely to be using negative coping strategies, like self-harm, than adults; people urgently need more support – there is an urgent need for investment in high quality trauma-informed support and much more work needs to be done to ensure support is available for young people, racialised communities, and those in poverty. (Edited publisher abstract)
Developing an evidence base for violent and disablist hate crime in Britain: findings from the Life Opportunities Survey
- Authors:
- EMERSON Eric, ROULSTONE Alan
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 29(17), 2014, pp.3086-3104.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The U.K.’s Life Opportunities Survey was used to examine disabled people’s self-reported exposure to violent crime, hate crime, and disablist hate crime in the UK over a 12 month period. Information was collected from a nationally representative sample of 37,513 British adults (age 16 or older). Results indicated that (a) disabled adults were significantly more likely to have been exposed over the previous 12 months to violent crime and hate crime than their non-disabled peers, (b) the differential risk of exposure to violent crime was particularly elevated among disabled adults with mental health problems, (c) the differential risk of exposure to hate crime was particularly elevated among disabled adults with mental health problems or cognitive impairments; and (d) these effects were strongly moderated by poverty status with no increase in differential risk of exposure for disabled adults among more wealthy respondents. (Edited publisher abstract)
A Scottish survey of attitudes to depression in older and younger adults
- Authors:
- DAVIDSON K. M., CONNERY H.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 12(5), October 2003, pp.505-512.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
It is commonly found that the general public hold negative attitudes towards depression. Few surveys have examined differences between younger and older adults attitudes towards depression. Out of a sample of 467 adults, 269 completed a questionnaire in response to a vignette describing a depressed person who was either portrayed as aged 30 or 70 years. Fifty-five per cent of the sample consisted of adults over the age of 65 years and 45% were under the age of 65 years. Four themes emerged from responses to the questionnaire: 'recognition of depression as a mental illness', 'acceptability of depression', 'benefit of medical intervention for depression' and, 'familiarity of problems associated with depression'. Some differences were found between younger and older adult's attitudes to depression per se. In addition, depression in an older adult was viewed differently from depression in a younger adult. Although some positive attitudes to depression were found, ageist and stigmatising attitudes were also found to exist among older and younger adults.
Working with childhood sexual abuse: a survey of mental health professionals
- Authors:
- DAY Andrew, THURLOW Katie, WOOLISCROFT Jessica
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 27(2), February 2003, pp.191-198.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Reports on the results of a survey of mental health professionals working in a UK hospital which examined the needs of clients who had experienced childhood sexual abuse. Results found that the majority of staff, though knowledgeable about child sexual abuse, were not comfortable in their work with this client group. Less experienced staff were more likely to feel supported, and those who had received training and/or supervision felt significantly more capable of working with this client group. The study provides support for the development of specialist training and supervision programmes for mental health staff in the area of child sexual abuse.
Better placed - making the right choices
- Author:
- EVANS Peter
- Journal article citation:
- Professional Social Work, February 2000, p.6.
- Publisher:
- British Association of Social Workers
Reports on the results of a BASW survey on how social workers access sources for residential placements.
Family placements for adults and children: a double comparison
- Authors:
- HILL Malcolm, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Social Work, 25(2), April 1995, pp.209-226.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Compares family placements for adults with those for children with special needs. Findings are presented of a postal survey which was carried out in the UK and closely based on a survey undertaken shortly before in the USA and Canada. There were a number of similarities between the programmes for adults and specialist schemes for children, despite their different purposes, origins and contexts. Although outcomes are often good, both types of project have worrying levels of breakdown, whilst a number of adult schemes are precarious in status and resourcing.
Adult secure service user, family and carer feedback survey during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic
- Author:
- RETHINK MENTAL ILLNESS
- Publisher:
- Rethink Mental Illness
- Publication year:
- 2020
- Pagination:
- 42
- Place of publication:
- London
Findings from a survey to gather the views and experiences of people in adult secure services, in all service categories including mental illness, personality disorder, learning disability and autism (both in the hospital and the community), and their families and carers, to find out the impact of COVID-19 on them from March to June 2020. The most striking finding was the considerable variation in responses – both between services and within the same service. This report sets out 9 key areas where people identified examples of what is working well, as well as where lessons could be learnt and improvements made, not only for a potential second wave of the pandemic but also to ensure long lasting improvements for services as a consequence of this experience. The key areas are: activities; outdoor access; leave and progress; communication; digital access; family and friends contact; infection control; physical health; and staff. Leave was the most common theme in all of the responses to the survey and overwhelmingly people found the restrictions difficult. People cited a range of reasons for this – not being able to continue with community activities, feeling ‘cooped up’ and the impact on seeing friends and family. Some people linked these restrictions to the effect this was having on their progress and were frustrated that this was holding them up. There was also frustration for people that lockdown easing in the community was not always reflected in the lifting of restrictions in their hospital. Overall, people said they were very understanding of the measures that needed to be in place to limit the impact of COVID-19 and keep them safe. (Edited publisher abstract)