Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Family relationships in childhood and common psychiatric disorders in later life: systematic review of prospective studies
- Authors:
- WEICH Scott, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 194(5), May 2009, pp.392-398.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Most evidence for associations between childhood adversity and adult mental illness is retrospective. To evaluate prospective evidence of associations between poor parent–child relationships and common psychiatric disorders in later life. Systematic review of studies published between 1970 and 2008 including: (a) more than 100 participants; (b) measures of relationships in the home during childhood; (c) at least 10 years between assessment of exposures; and (d) measures of anxiety, depression, suicide, suicidal ideation or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Analysis was by narrative synthesis. Twenty-three papers were identified reporting data from 16 cohorts. Abusive relationships predicted depression, anxiety and PTSD. Maternal emotional unavailability in early life predicted suicide attempts in adolescence. Results of studies investigating less severe relationship problems were suggestive but not conclusive of causal association, due partly to methodological heterogeneity. Given the prevalence and disabling nature of common psychiatric problems, these studies highlight the need to minimise harm associated with dysfunctional parent–child relationships.
Recall of childhood neglect and physical abuse as differential predictors of current psychological functioning
- Authors:
- GAUTHIER Lisa, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 20(7), July 1996, pp.549-559.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
The differential effects of neglect and physical abuse on psychological functioning are not well understood. Examines the relationship between reported neglect and physical abuse and symptomatology and attachment styles in a sample of male and female undergraduates. In contrast to physical abuse, which must involve some parental involvement in a child's life, neglect is characterised by a lack of parent-child interaction. As such, it was hypothesised that childhood neglect would be more predictive of symptomatology and dysfunctional attachment styles than would physical abuse. Results confirmed the expected relationship between neglect and more severe psychological problems and anxious attachment styles. Implications of these results point to the need to focus both empirically and theoretically on neglect and physical abuse as potentially separate moderators of psychosocial functioning.
Childhood emotional abuse characteristics moderate associations with adult psychopathology and caregiving
- Authors:
- BERZENSKI Sara R., MADDEN Amber R., YATES Tuppett M.
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 87, 2019, pp.77-87.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
As the consequences of childhood maltreatment for adult adjustment become increasingly established in the literature, investigations of individual differences in these effects must evolve to examine more nuanced components of the maltreatment experience. This is particularly true for studies of childhood emotional abuse (CEA), which represents an umbrella label for numerous qualitatively different experiences. The present study examined the distinct contributions and potential interactive effects of CEA frequency and intensity on adult psychopathology, caregiving behaviours, and caregivers’ representations of the caregiver-child relationship in a diverse sample of 62 female caregivers of 4-year-old children, all of whom had experienced CEA. Frequency and intensity emerged as orthogonal characteristics of CEA with differential effects on adult adaptation. Higher CEA frequency predicted increased adult psychopathology, whereas higher CEA intensity predicted increased boundary dissolution in caregivers’ representations. Further, an interaction between frequency and intensity predicted negativity in caregivers’ representations, such that higher frequency of high intensity, but not low intensity, CEA predicted decreased negativity. Neither frequency nor intensity of CEA predicted observed caregiving behaviours. These results provide evidence that characteristics of CEA signal important differences in its experience, with differential implications for later adjustment. The specific differences in caregiving representations associated with high vs. low intensity CEA suggest that diverging mechanisms by which these experiences eventuate in adult outcomes should also be investigated. Above all, this study suggests that the measurement of CEA, and childhood maltreatment broadly, will benefit from enhanced attention to specific characteristics of individuals' experiences. (Edited publisher abstract)
Forms and meanings of respect: aging mothers and adult daughters with mental illness
- Authors:
- CHADIHA Letha A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Families in Society, 98(4), 2017, pp.3-19-328.
- Publisher:
- The Alliance for Children and Families
This qualitative study explores the perspectives of ageing mothers to understand the ways in which respect is experienced in relationships involving ageing mothers and adult daughters with mental illness. Data came from audiotaped personal interviews with a purposive sample of 21 mothers (ages 52–90) of adult daughters with a serious mental illness. An interpretative phenomenological approach was used to analyse transcripts and identify the forms of respect described by ageing mothers. Ageing mothers and their daughters with mental illness experience multiple forms of respect; however, the meanings of respect vary by generation. These findings have practice, educational, and research implications for social workers serving ageing families dealing with mental illness (Edited publisher abstract)
Harmed? harmful? experiencing abusive adult children with mental disorder over the life course
- Authors:
- BAND-WINTERSTEIN Tova, AVIELI Hila, SMELOY Yael
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 31(15), 2016, pp.185-194.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Older parents of an adult child coping with a mental disorder that is expressed by violent deviant behaviour face significant parenting challenges. The purpose of this article is to explore the ways older parents exposed to abuse by their adult children with mental disorder (ACMD) perceived their child’s violent deviant behaviour along the life course. In a qualitative-phenomenological study, 16 parents aged 58 to 90 were interviewed in depth. Three major themes emerged: (a) ongoing total care for the child’s needs along the life course, (b) constructions and perceptions of the child through the years—Parents perceived their children over two continua, reflecting their experience of the child’s deviant behaviour: the child as more harmed versus more harmful, the child as normative versus pathological—and (c) the parent’s emotional world toward the harmed–harmful child. The findings enable a deeper understanding of the various ways in which parents cope with living with deviant behaviours of their ACMD. Hence, this study can serve as a framework for developing tailored and differential intervention methods. (Edited publisher abstract)
Impact of mid-life symptoms of alcoholism on the health and wellbeing of aging parents of adults with disabilities
- Authors:
- GHOSHA Subharati, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 59(1), 2016, pp.56-72.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The study examined the effect of adult children’s disability on parents’ physical health in later life and the extent to which parents’ symptoms of alcoholism in mid-life moderates the link between children’s disability and later life parental health. Analyses are based on data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. The analytic sample included parents of children with developmental disabilities (n = 145) or mental health problems (n = 200) and 2,432 parents of unaffected children. The results showed that the negative health consequences in later life of having a child with a developmental disability were greater for those who showed more symptoms of alcoholism in mid-life. However, symptoms of alcoholism in mid-life did not significantly moderate the impact of an adult child’s mental health problems on parents’ later life physical health. The findings suggest a potential area where gerontological social workers could intervene, given the negative impact of symptoms of alcoholism on the health of ageing parents of children with a disability who may be significantly more susceptible to the negative health impacts of alcohol compared to their younger counterparts. (Edited publisher abstract)
The social relationships and social support of aging mothers whose adult daughters are mentally ill
- Authors:
- BALESTRERY Jean E., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Family Social Work, 18(2), 2015, pp.123-140.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Guided by a conceptual framework highlighting multiple facets of social relationships and social support, this study examined the extent to which ageing mothers of adult daughters with a serious mental illness were socially integrated with members of their network. It further examined the relational content of these mothers’ social ties as tangible or intangible support and the nature of their supportive exchanges with network members, particularly their adult daughters with mental illness. A structured face-to-face interview was conducted with 22 ageing mothers of these adult daughters. Two methods of analysis were used to analyse data: counting and content analysis. Findings showed ageing mothers of daughters with mental illness were socially integrated with relatives and nonrelatives, evidenced relational content of tangible and intangible support in their social ties and engaged in bidirectional and asymmetrical support exchanges with network members, including their daughters with mental illness. These findings suggest that social resources in the form of social relationships and support are embedded in the networks of ageing mothers who have adult daughters with serious mental illness. Practitioners should assess support contributions to the ageing mothers of adult daughters with serious mental illness from a wide range of social relationships including their daughters. (Edited publisher abstract)
Childhood environment of adult psychiatric outpatients in Norway having been bullied in school
- Authors:
- FOSSE Gunilla Klensmenden Fosse, HOLEN Are
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 26(2), 2002, pp.129-137.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This study contrasts the childhood environment of adult psychiatric outpatients reporting to have been bullied at school with those who were not. 166 outpatients from a psychiatric clinic in Norway completed self-administered questionnaires about their psychosocial environment during childhood and adolescence. Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were used as assessment tools. Results found that men who were bullied in childhood tended to grow up without biological fathers. Women who were bullied scored lower on Father Care on the PBI and significantly higher on Emotional Neglect, Emotional and Physical Abuse and Physical Neglect on CTQ that those who were not.
The Parent Adult-Child Relationship Questionnaire (PACQ): the assessment of the relationship of adult children to their parents
- Authors:
- PEISAH C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 3(1), February 1999, pp.28-38.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The authors review current understanding of the parent adult-child relationship, describe the development of an instrument to measure this relationship and propose key themes which define the relationship. A 97-item self report questionnaire was administered to two convenience samples (N=302, N=100) comprising Australian primary care patients and community residents.
Measuring outcomes for children: early parenting experiences, conflict, maladjustment and depression in adulthood
- Authors:
- BUCHANAN Ann, TEN BRINKE JoAnn
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 20(3), 1998, pp.251-278.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Based on longitudinal data from the National Child Development Study, the current study explores the relationships between different types of family difficulties and conflict, parenting experiences, maladjustment at 16, and the risk of depression in adult life. The best indicator that family difficulties and conflict were impinging on a particular child, with potentially long term psychological impacts, was the Rutter 'A' Health and Behaviour score at age 16. This study concludes that such measures could be more readily used in social work to monitor intervention and assess outcomes.