Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Psychological therapy for inpatients receiving acute mental health care: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of controlled trials
- Authors:
- PATERSON Charlotte, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 57(4), 2018, pp.453-472.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objectives: The effectiveness of psychological therapies for those receiving acute adult mental health inpatient care remains unclear, partly because of the difficulty in conducting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in this setting. The aim of this meta‐analysis was to synthesize evidence from all controlled trials of psychological therapy carried out with this group, to estimate its effects on a number of important outcomes and examine whether the presence of randomization and rater blinding moderated these estimates. Method: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of all controlled trials of psychological therapy delivered in acute inpatient settings was conducted, with a focus on psychotic symptoms, readmissions or emotional distress (anxiety and depression). Studies were identified through ASSIA, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO using a combination of the key terms ‘inpatient’, ‘psychological therapy’, and ‘acute’. No restriction was placed on diagnosis. The moderating effect of the use of assessor‐blind RCT methodology was examined via subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Results: Overall, psychological therapy was associated with small‐to‐moderate improvements in psychotic symptoms at end of therapy but the effect was smaller and not significant at follow‐up. Psychological therapy was also associated with reduced readmissions, depression, and anxiety. The use of single‐blind randomized controlled trial methodology was associated with significantly reduced benefits on psychotic symptoms and was also associated with reduced benefits on readmission and depression; however, these reductions were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The provision of psychological therapy to acute psychiatric inpatients is associated with improvements; however, the use of single‐blind RCT methodology was associated with reduced therapy‐attributable improvements. Whether this is a consequence of increased internal validity or reduced external validity is unclear. Trials with both high internal and external validity are now required to establish what type, format, and intensity of brief psychological therapy is required to achieve sustained benefits. (Publisher abstract)
A can of madness
- Author:
- PEGLER Jason
- Publisher:
- Chipmunkapublishing
- Publication year:
- 2003
- Pagination:
- 300p.
- Place of publication:
- Brentwood
The author offers his readers a unique opportunity to emphasize with sufferers of the condition known as Manic depression ( Bi-Polar disorder) in this compelling account of his ordeal with this illness. The author takes the reader through his personal transformation from an uncouth teenager taking ecstasy to someone who grows up realising that they can use their own past pain, get better and help other people. The book was written using excerpts of a diary written at the time of the author’s flights into mania and his descents into depression. The author recounts a dizzying, dark and sometimes euphoric journey through a world of elation, despair, binge drinking, drugs, raves, and psychiatric wards.
Poor mental and physical health differentially contributes to disability in hospitalized geriatric patients of different ages
- Authors:
- MARENGONI Alessandra, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19(1), January 2004, pp.27-34.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This article seeks to evaluate the relationship between depressive symptoms, cognition and somatic diseases on functional status of geriatric patients at hospital discharge. Patients 65+ years consecutively admitted to the acute care geriatric ward of the Internal Medicine Department I, Civil Hospital of Brescia, Italy, from February 1998 to December 2000 (n = 830) were examined. Functional disability was defined as need of physical assistance in at least one of the basic Activities of Daily Living (ADL). The Greenfield Index of Disease Severity (IDS) and the Geriatric Index of Comorbidity (GIC) were used to measure number and severity of diseases. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) assessed cognitive status and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) measured depressive symptoms. Prevalence of functional disability at discharge was 29.3% in the younger age group (65-74 years) and 55.2% in the older age group (75+ years). Using logistic regression models, older age, poorer cognitive status, and depressive symptoms were independently associated with functional disability in the younger and older age group, respectively. Additionally cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms showed an additive association with disability, especially in younger patients, while comorbidity was correlated with functional status only in the oldest old, in particular among those who were cognitively impaired. Functional disability after acute hospitalization is highly prevalent in geriatric patients. Depressive symptoms, comorbidity, and cognitive impairment often coexist, interact and are differentially associated with function depending on age. Considering that depressive symptoms are a modifiable problem, their detection in hospital settings may help clinicians in targeting subjects at high risk of functional disability.
The influence of social factors on psychiatric hospitalisation in Northern Ireland: a review of the literature: an analysis of offical statistics and the implications for social workers
- Author:
- MANKTELOW Roger
- Journal article citation:
- Irish Journal of Social Work Research, 2(2), 2000, pp.57-72.
- Publisher:
- Irish Association of Social Workers
The paper reviews the knowledge of the influence of social factors on psychiatric hospitalisation within Great Britain, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland and investigates the particular features of the process in Northern Ireland. The inverse relationship between social class and mental illness has been widely documented in an international context, and has also been investigated by the author in Northern Ireland. But there are oather particular factors which are important mediators of soical influences on psychiatric hospitalisation within the divided society of Northern Ireland. The author identifies three sets of local factors as being of importance. These are: the urban/rural dimensions; religious affiliation; and the influence of twenty five years of civil unrest on the local population's use of psychiatric hospitalisation. The paper reviews the methodological difficulties in concpetualising a causal mechanism operating between social factors and mental illness and argues for the adoption of a qualitative research approach to the social process of psychiatric hospitalisation.
Depressive symptoms and psychiatric distress in low income Asian and Latino primary care patients: prevalence and recognition
- Authors:
- CHUNG Henry, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 39(1), February 2003, pp.33-46.
- Publisher:
- Springer
The aims of the study were to: assess the degree to which primary care physicians recognise psychiatric distress among an ethnically diverse primary care sample composed primarily of Asians and Hispanics; and to investigate the relationship between patient and physician sociodemographic factors and overall diagnostic recognition of psychiatric distress. Being Asian and/or having low acculturation levels may put the patient at risk for non-detection of psychiatric distress. The high prevalence of distress lends support to initiating improved methods for screening and detection of depression among low income and racially diverse primary care patients.