Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Whither DSM and ICD, Chapter V?
- Author:
- MIDDLETON Hugh
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Review Journal, 13(4), December 2008, pp.4-15.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Consideration is given to the extent to which the DSM and ICD approach to psychiatric case definition and treatment supports clinical activity. Their validity as a way of defining 'mental illness' is found wanting and they do not, in themselves, usefully guide treatment. These conclusions are set in a critical realist approach to 'mental illness', which draws attention to the legitimacy of several differing perspectives, each reflecting their own sets of interests and allegiances. DSM-V and ICD-11 are due to be published in 2012 and 2014 respectively, and their architects are called upon to be clear about which of these constituencies they are representing.
Representations of elderly with mental health problems held by psychosocial practitioners from community and institutional settings
- Authors:
- DALLAIRE Bernadette, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Mental Health, 7(1-3), 2008, pp.139-152.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This article begins by providing an overview of the prevalence of mental health problems among people aged 65 and older, the specific situations and needs of this population, and the services provided to them. It then briefly discusses three trends in psychosocial interventions, that is practices oriented toward recovery, empowerment, and social integration are then reviewed.. Finally, the article looks at the cumulative impacts of social representations of aging and the aged and of mental illness and the mentally ill, and how they can impede the implementation of interventions, services and programs based on recovery, empowerment and social integration approaches.
Executive cognitive function of older people with HIV/AIDS
- Authors:
- KIM Suk-Hee, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 18(1), 2008, pp.48-63.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Executive cognitive function is concerned with the planning, initiation, sequencing and monitoring of complex goal-directed behaviour, and can be directly measured using instruments such as the Executive Clock Drawing Task (CLOX) which comprises CLOX 1 (drawing a clock face set to a specified time) and CLOX 2 (copying a clock face set to the same time). This study analyses CLOX results from a purposive sample of 275 people, including 91 receiving primary medical care for HIV AIDS at eight clinics in a US metropolitan area, with the aim of identifying whether there was a significant difference in scores between those with and without HIV AIDS. This was not the case. The most significant factors associated with executive cognitive impairment were age (over 50) and gender (male).
Service user involvement: enriching the learning experience
- Authors:
- LECKEY Jill, WALTERS Phil, HOLT Barrie
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health and Learning Disabilities Research and Practice, 5(1), April 2008, pp.35-49.
- Publisher:
- South West Yorkshire Mental Health NHS Trust and University of Huddersfield
This paper purports that by virtue of the service user’s experience of mental distress and service provision, they offer valuable knowledge and expertise to enrich the mental health nursing students learning experience collaboratively. This paper considers a historical perspective of the issues, shares some positive examples of good practice around involvement and inclusion considering the conflicting tensions that became complementary and how this helped, in developing an enriching learning experience.
Enterprise, employment and empowerment: the social firm sector's mission
- Author:
- REYNOLDS Sue
- Journal article citation:
- A Life in the Day, 12(4), November 2008, pp.27-31.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
The author, Chief Executive of Social Firms UK, outlines the latest developments in the social firm sector's mission to provide real jobs for people with severe disadvantages, such as those with mental health problems. The article highlights the work of a number of social firms.
A tribute to autonomy and public mental health
- Author:
- TYRER Peter
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Public Mental Health, 7(2), November 2008, pp.4-6.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This commentary examines the autonomy-control argument in public mental health and how services have been developed over the years from prejudiced asylums, to community-based care. The author discusses how people with mental ill health, who have struggled to gain independence and autonomy of their lives, are finally enjoying their emancipation.
Can CORE assessment data identify those clients less likely to benefit from brief counselling in primary care?
- Authors:
- SAXON David, IVEY Catherine, YOUNG Tracey
- Journal article citation:
- Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 8(4), December 2008, pp.223-230.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Studies show that counsellors in primary care see many clients with difficulties of a severity similar to those found in secondary care services. Evidence from both RCTs and studies of routinely collected data indicates that many of these 'clinical' clients benefit from brief counselling intervention. However, little is known about why some benefit while others fail to do so despite completing their counselling contract. This paper considers client characteristics recorded at assessment and aims, using logistic regression analysis, to identify those characteristics predictive of a poor outcome. Results indicate that a number of characteristics are associated with poor outcome; the most important predictors are economic inactivity and aspects of the patient's condition, particularly continuous/recurrent depression, with some differences between genders. However, the models produced were not acceptable in their predictive power. This may be partly due to data quality issues or important characteristics not being available in the data. The paper concludes that being unemployed or on state benefits may be a proxy measure of severity that has an important impact on outcome for all patients, and particularly for males. Some reasons are suggested and areas of future research are identified.
Health promoting influences of the family on late adolescent functioning
- Authors:
- REINHERZ Helen Z., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 25(6), December 2008, pp.517-530.
- Publisher:
- Springer
This study examined whether potentially modifiable health-promoting family factors during mid-adolescence (age 15) predicted adaptive functioning in late adolescence (age 18) among members of a working-class community cohort. Family factors included feeling valued in the family, cohesion, and social support. Late adolescent outcomes covered developmentally salient areas: academic functioning; mental health; suicidal behaviour; and social, psychological, and behavioural functioning. The findings demonstrate that a positive adolescent family milieu is related to both adaptive outcomes and a reduced likelihood of serious difficulties, including mental and behaviour problems. Although each hypothesized health-promoting factor was significantly associated with multiple areas of age 18 functioning, the patterns of association differed by type of family factor. Taken together, results suggest that the family remains an important social context during mid-adolescence and that to be most effective programs designed by practitioners aimed at strengthening families should target multiple features of the family environment.
The relationship between challenging behaviour and mental ill-health in people with intellectual disabilities: a review of current theories and evidence
- Author:
- ALLEN David
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 12(4), December 2008, pp.267-294.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
Challenging behaviours and problems of mental ill-health are common amongst people with intellectual disabilities. The article examines conceptual similarities and differences between these conditions, examines the data on comorbidity, and explores possible hypothetical relationships between behavioural and psychiatric disorder in this population. While there is little evidence at present to suggest that many of the challenging behaviours seen in people with intellectual disabilities are underpinned by problems of mental ill-health, only qualified conclusions are possible because of limitations in the quality and scope of existing research. A conceptual model for looking at the risk variables that may contribute to both conditions is suggested, and requirements for future research and current multi-disciplinary practice are outlined.
Change in reciprocity as a predictor of depressive symptoms: a prospective cohort study of Finnish women and men
- Authors:
- VAANANEN Ari, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Science and Medicine, 67(11), December 2008, pp.1907-1916.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
The purpose of the study was to examine gender differences in the association between changes in the balance of give and take in close relationships and depressive symptoms. Data from a 5-year prospective cohort study in Finland (HeSSup Study) (N = 18,445) were analyzed. After adjustment for demographic characteristics, recent negative life events, baseline depressive symptoms, hostility, and the supportiveness of social network, a shift of balance toward support receiving was a significant risk factor for future depressive symptoms among women. In contrast, men whose balance of give and take had moved toward support giving had a higher risk of future depressive symptoms than other men. When the analyses were replicated in a sub-cohort of initially non-depressed participants who lived in reciprocal relationships and had no recent life events, the results became even more pronounced among women, although not among men. It is concluded that, for women, a shift in their close relationships toward support receiving may lead to increased risk of depressive symptoms, whereas for men a shift toward giving may have a parallel though less evident impact.