Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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Mental disorders in prison populations aged 15-21: national register study of two cohorts in Finland
- Authors:
- SAILAS Eila S., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Medical Journal, 11.06.05, 2005, pp.1364-1365.
- Publisher:
- British Medical Association
Briefly reports on a study into the changes in psychiatric hospitalisations in Finnish prisoners aged 15 to 21 to examine whether a selection process occurs as the number of young prisoners decreases. Results of the study indicated that relatively more people with mental health problems end up in prisons as the prison population diminishes. The findings reflect the failure of healthcare systems and emphasise the necessity for early screening of mental disorders in young offenders.
Unemployment and psychological distress among young adults in the Nordic countries: a review of the literature
- Authors:
- RENEFLOT Anne, EVENSON Miriam
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Social Welfare, 23(1), 2014, pp.3-15.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This article reviews Nordic research, published from 1995 and onwards, on the relationship between unemployment and mental health among young adults. Cross-sectional, longitudinal and time-series studies are included. Cross-sectional studies show that the unemployed experience more mental health problems than the non-unemployed. Leaving unemployment is associated with increased well-being. Economic problems, feelings of shame and poor social support increase the likelihood of psychological distress. The longitudinal studies show that unemployment increases the risk of psychological distress and attempted suicide, after initial mental health status and confounding factors are accounted for. The relationship remains significant when time-invariant characteristics of the individuals are controlled for. The time-series studies found no relationship between unemployment and suicide, but levels of psychological distress were found to vary with changes in the labour market. This relationship remained significant after excluding the non-employed, indicating that unemployment trends have effects beyond those directly associated with unemployment. (Publisher abstract)
Medical model on top
- Author:
- METTERI Anna
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 26.9.02, 2002, p.48.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Looks at Finnish mental health care policy where the medical model in psychiatry has been strengthened. Argues that it is now up to staff to move towards more collaborative methods of working.
Engagement in help-seeking of dual diagnosed mothers at a low-threshold service: grasping life through co-created opportunities
- Authors:
- SORSA Minna A., KIIKKALA Irma, ASTEDT-KURKI Paivi
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Dual Diagnosis, 11(2), 2018, pp.88-100.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Mothers with a dual diagnosis (mental ill health and substance use) have delays in accessing services, or their care may be interrupted prior to therapeutic relationships being formed. The purpose of this paper is to explore and describe how engagement merges in the context of mothers with a dual diagnosis. Design/methodology/approach: This is a qualitative, focused ethnographic study at a low-threshold service for substance abusing families. The data contain interviews, observations, field notes, and reflections. The analysis followed several systematic steps. Findings: Engagement is the co-creation of possibilities between workplace staff and the client in different interfaces. It is not a single act, emotion, or verbal communication, but a complex intertwined system of events that can awaken or enable the client to get a grasp on life. The sensitivity of the worker is one tool for engaging the client in manifold ways in different interfaces: even the smallest events with connection are viewed as valuable. Engagement involves the intentional client in the process of interaction: the client needs to participate and become an acting and sensing part of the change, which occurs on an experiential level. The process is described with the metaphor of a seed. Originality/value: Engagement as inner involvement challenges the current working methods, and requires sensitivity, because the mothers with a dual diagnosis may not have verbalisable goals when arriving to the services. (Edited publisher abstract)
Impact of psychiatric disorders on health-related quality of life: general population survey
- Authors:
- SAARNI Samuli I., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 190(4), April 2007, pp.326-332.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Measurement of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) with generic preference-based instruments enables comparisons of severity across different conditions and treatments. This is necessary for rational public health policy. The aim was to measure HRQoL decrement and loss of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) associated with pure and comorbid forms of depressive and anxiety disorders and alcohol dependence. A general population survey was conducted of Finns aged 30 years and over. Psychiatric disorders were diagnosed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and HRQoL was measured with the 15D and EQ–5D questionnaires. Dysthymia, generalised anxiety disorder and social phobia were associated with the largest loss of HRQoL on the individual level before and after adjusting for somatic and psychiatric comorbidity. On the population level, depressive disorders accounted for 55%, anxiety disorders 30%, and alcohol dependence for 15% of QALY loss identified in this study. Chronic anxiety disorders and dysthymia are associated with poorer HRQoL than previously thought.
Cumulative incidence of mental disorders among offspring of mothers with psychotic disorder; results from the Helsinki High-Risk Study
- Authors:
- NIEMI Laura T., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 185(1), July 2004, pp.11-17.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
The Helsinki High-Risk Study follows up all women born between 1916 and 1948 and treated for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders in psychiatric hospitals in Helsinki, their offspring born between 1960 and 1964, and controls. The aim was to determine the cumulative incidence of adulthood Axis I disorders among offspring. Using all hospital and out-patient treatment records we rediagnosed parents and offspring according to DSM–IV–TR criteria. Offspring were grouped by mother’s diagnosis (schizophrenia n=104, schizoaffective disorder n=20, other schizophrenia-spectrum disorder n=30, and affective disorder n=25) and compared with a control group (n=176). The cumulative incidences of Axis I disorders among offspring were calculated. The cumulative incidences of any psychotic disorder were 13.5%, 10.0%, 10.0%, 4.0% and 1.1% among offspring of mothers with schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorder, other schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, affective disorders and controls, respectively. The corresponding figures for schizophrenia were 6.7%, 5.0%, 6.7%, 0% and 0.6%, and for any mental disorder 23.1%, 20.0%, 20.0%, 12.0% and 6.9%. Offspring of mothers with a psychotic disorder have heightened risk of developing a wide range of severe mental disorders.
A review of the research literature on serious violent and sexual offenders
- Authors:
- CONNELLY Clare, WILLIAMSON Shanti
- Publisher:
- Scotland. Scottish Executive. Central Research Unit
- Publication year:
- 2000
- Pagination:
- 125p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Edinburgh
Aims to provide a summary of current and recent UK and international literature on the sentencing of dangerous offenders and the subsequent management of these offenders, whether in hospital or prison settings, and upon release into the community. The research is divided by country, split up into those who use a community protection approach, those who use a clinical approach, and other jurisdictions. It concludes with an examination of the issue of compliance with the European Convention on Human Rights.