Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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A systematic review of research on the epidemiology of mental health disorders in prison populations: a summary of findings
- Authors:
- SIRDIFIELD Coral, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology (The), 20(Supplement 1), April 2009, pp.78-101.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Brooker et al. (2002) conducted a systematic review of research into the mental health of prisoners. Their final report included a review of the epidemiology of the prison population, an overview of the interventions used to treat the major mental health disorders in both the general and prison populations, and a review of service delivery and organisation for prisoners with mental health disorders. The review found a high prevalence of mental health disorders in prison populations, with up to 15% of prisoners having four or five co-existing mental disorders. This review has been updated, using the same methodology, to include literature dated from 2002 to August 2006. This paper presents findings from the epidemiology section of the updated review, which includes 18 new studies. The recent studies largely reflect the findings of earlier research. However, some studies in the updated review focus on countries where little of this type of research has previously been conducted. The prevalence of mental health disorders, suicide, and substance misuse remains high in prison populations around the world - demonstrating the need for suitable evidence-based interventions to address these issues. Future research should concentrate on mapping interventions available to prisoners and evaluating their effectiveness.
Effects of psychosocial interventions for people with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems: a survey of systematic reviews
- Authors:
- GUSTAFSSON Carina, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Research on Social Work Practice, 19(3), May 2009, pp.281-290.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The aim of this study is to provide a survey of systematic reviews that have evaluated the effects of psychosocial interventions for adult people with intellectual disabilities and/or an autistic syndrome with concurrent mental health problems. Reviews for inclusion were identified through searches of 10 electronic databases. The authors found that 3 out of 126 published reviews met the inclusion criteria for interventions, population, and being considered a systematic review. The results imply a weak scientific support for behavioural therapy, cognitive-behavioural therapy, and some forms of integrated care and support. However, the primary studies included in the reviews have several methodological shortcomings. The results suggest future research initiatives in the direction of more effectiveness studies of good quality and reproduction of high-quality systematic reviews.
Mental health implications of detaining asylum seekers: systematic review
- Authors:
- ROBJANT Katy, HASSAN Rita, KATONA Cornelius
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 194(4), April 2009, pp.306-312.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
The number of asylum seekers, refugees and internally displaced people worldwide is rising. Western countries are using increasingly restrictive policies, including the detention of asylum seekers, and there is concern that this is harmful. In order to investigate mental health outcomes among adult, child and adolescent immigration detainees a systematic review was conducted through a systematic search of databases and a supplementary manual search of references. Ten studies were identified. All reported high levels of mental health problems in detainees. Anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder were commonly reported, as were self-harm and suicidal ideation. Time in detention was positively associated with severity of distress. There is evidence for an initial improvement in mental health occurring subsequent to release, although longitudinal results have shown that the negative impact of detention persists. This area of research is in its infancy and studies are limited by methodological constraints. Findings consistently report high levels of mental health problems among detainees. There is some evidence to suggest an independent adverse effect of detention on mental health.
Effects of parental imprisonment on child antisocial behaviour and mental health: a systematic review
- Authors:
- MURRAY Joseph, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Campbell Systematic Reviews, 5(1), 2009, pp.1-105.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This systematic review presents findings from studies that examined children's antisocial behaviour and mental health after parental imprisonment. Sixteen studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. These studies showed that children of prisoners are more likely to show antisocial and mental health problems. However, it was unclear whether parental imprisonment actually caused these problems. They might have been caused by other disadvantages in children's lives that existed before parental imprisonment occurred. Children of prisoners are a vulnerable group. More research is required to determine whether or not parental imprisonment causes an increase in child antisocial behaviour and mental health problems. The review includes details of the search strategies used and detailed descriptions of the studies included in the review. (Edited publisher abstract)
Inequalities and the mental health of young people: a systematic review of secondary school-based cognitive behavioural interventions
- Authors:
- KAVANAGH J, et al
- Publisher:
- University College London. Institute of Education. EPPI-Centre
- Publication year:
- 2009
- Pagination:
- 114p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This review aimed to increase what is known about promoting good mental health and mental health inequalities. It focused on the role of interventions based on the techniques of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for preventing and reducing suicidality, depression and anxiety in young people. A further aim of the study was to use the systematic review as a case study to applying an ‘equity lens’ to a review topic, by building on work completed in an earlier systematic map and methodological review. Results of the review found that CBT delivered to young people in secondary schools can reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety. No evidence was found to assess the impact of CBT on suicidal thinking or behaviour. Few studies provided any useful data that might be used to examine the impact of CBT-based interventions on inequalities in mental health. No studies presented data relevant to evaluating the differential impact of interventions according to differences in the participants’ gender, age, religion, education or social capital. Although conclusions about impact of CBT on inequalities are therefore tentative, there are suggestions that it might be less effective for people who are more socio-economically disadvantaged.
Where is the evidence base? Mental health issues surrounding bereavement and HIV in children
- Authors:
- SHERR Lorraine, MUELLER Joanne
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Public Mental Health, 7(4), December 2009, pp.31-39.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Parental illness can affect child and adolescent psychosocial well-being. Mental health effects of parental bereavement generally and HIV-related bereavement specifically have been poorly explored in children. HIV-related illness has a number of specific features that may directly affect mental health considerations. Infection is clustered in families. Bereavement is often multiple. Death is often preceded by severe illness and multiple opportunistic infections. AIDS is stigmatised, which may impede disclosure, social support and adjustment. In low-income countries where HIV infection is concentrated, access to palliative care as well as medical care may be limited. This review systematically identifies studies on HIV and bereavement in children. Searches of electronic databases for relevant articles revealed 14 studies examining bereavement with sufficient measurement and controlled methodology providing standardised behavioural and emotional outcome measures. Scrutiny of the results revealed the majority (12: 86%) recorded an adverse behavioural or emotional impact on the child. A detailed analysis of the studies provides insights to risks as well as protective factors that may inform future interventions. Only one systematic intervention was identified whereby a coping skills intervention had positive and long-lasting effects. This paper examines urgent future needs and the requirement for evidence-based policy and provision.
Effect of feedback of treatment outcome in specialist mental healthcare: meta-analysis
- Authors:
- KNAUP Carina, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 195(1), July 2009, pp.15-22.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Feedback of treatment outcome during the course of therapy (outcome management) is increasingly considered to be beneficial for improving the quality of mental healthcare. This study aimed to review the impact of feedback of outcome to practitioners and/or patients in specialist mental health services. A systematic search and meta-analysis of controlled trials using outcome management in mental health services published in English or German language. Twelve studies met inclusion criteria. Feeding back outcome showed a small, but significant positive short-term effect on the mental health of individuals that did not prevail in the long run. Subgroup analysis revealed no significant differences regarding feedback modalities. Outcome management did not contribute to a reduction of treatment duration. The authors conclude that evidence on the effects of outcome management in mental healthcare is promising. More targeted research is needed in order to identify the effective ingredients of outcome feedback and to assess its cost-effectiveness.
Quality of medical care for people with and without comorbid mental illness and substance misuse: systematic review of comparative studies
- Authors:
- MITCHELL Alex J., MALONE Darren, DOEBBELING Caroline Carney
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 194(6), June 2009, pp.491-499.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This study aimed to investigate whether the quality of medical care received by people with mental health conditions, including substance misuse, differs from the care received by people who have no comparable mental disorder. A systematic review of studies that examined the quality of medical care in those with and without mental illness was conducted using robust critical appraisal techniques. Of 31 valid studies, 27 examined receipt of medical care in those with and without mental illness and 10 examined medical care in those with and without substance use disorder (or dual diagnosis). Nineteen of 27 and 10 of 10, respectively, suggested inferior quality of care in at least one domain. Twelve studies found no appreciable differences in care or failed to detect a difference in at least one key area. Several studies showed an increase in healthcare utilisation but without any increase in quality. Three studies found superior care for individuals with mental illness in specific subdomains. There was inadequate information concerning patient satisfaction and structural differences in healthcare delivery. There was also inadequate separation of delivery of care from uptake in care on which to base causal explanations. Despite similar or more frequent medical contacts, there are often disparities in the physical healthcare delivered to those with psychiatric illness although the magnitude of this effect varies considerably.
Family relationships in childhood and common psychiatric disorders in later life: systematic review of prospective studies
- Authors:
- WEICH Scott, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 194(5), May 2009, pp.392-398.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Most evidence for associations between childhood adversity and adult mental illness is retrospective. To evaluate prospective evidence of associations between poor parent–child relationships and common psychiatric disorders in later life. Systematic review of studies published between 1970 and 2008 including: (a) more than 100 participants; (b) measures of relationships in the home during childhood; (c) at least 10 years between assessment of exposures; and (d) measures of anxiety, depression, suicide, suicidal ideation or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Analysis was by narrative synthesis. Twenty-three papers were identified reporting data from 16 cohorts. Abusive relationships predicted depression, anxiety and PTSD. Maternal emotional unavailability in early life predicted suicide attempts in adolescence. Results of studies investigating less severe relationship problems were suggestive but not conclusive of causal association, due partly to methodological heterogeneity. Given the prevalence and disabling nature of common psychiatric problems, these studies highlight the need to minimise harm associated with dysfunctional parent–child relationships.
Partner violence and survivors' chronic health problems: informing social work practice
- Authors:
- MACY Rebecca J., FERRON Joelle, CROSBY Carmen
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work: A journal of the National Association of Social Workers (NASW), 54(1), January 2009, pp.29-43.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Although most social work professionals may expect that women who experience partner violence will sustain acute physical injuries, social workers may be less knowledgeable about the chronic health problems with which violence survivors often struggle. To inform social work practice, recently published research on health outcomes associated with partner violence victimization are reviewed and synthesized . The review focuses on efforts on chronic physical and mental health conditions that social workers are likely to see in their practices. Using rigorous selection criteria, 28 articles were selected for review from over 3,500 found in the search. The review showed that although women who experience partner violence are likely to seek health services, they have poor overall physical and mental health, and their health needs are not addressed sufficiently by current health and human service systems. Social work practice, policy, and research recommendations are offered to encourage comprehensive services that promote women's health and safety.