Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health problems"’ Sort:
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The relationship between personal debt and mental health: a systematic review
- Authors:
- FITCH Chris, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Review Journal, 16(4), 2011, pp.153-166.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
A systematic review was undertaken to identify peer reviewed literature in English from 1980 to 2009 in order to evaluate the evidence on the extent to which personal debt impacts on mental health, and mental health on personal debt. Database searches resulted in the identification of 50 papers meeting the inclusion criteria. These were appraised by the research team and this article presents the results of the analysis. It discusses research on the temporal relationship between debt and mental health, whether the type and size of debt matter, the role of age, income or assets in the relationship between indebtedness and mental health, the process through which debt, mental health and other factors interacted, debt and self-harm or suicide, and compulsive buying. The review found that methodological limitations made it difficult to definitively demonstrate whether indebtedness causes poor mental health, and that existing research either uses definitions of debt which lack specificity or definitions of mental health which are too broad, but that plausible data exist which indicate that indebtedness may contribute to the development of mental health problems. The authors suggest topics for further research, and note that those working with people with debt problems need to be aware of the potential risk of reduced mental well-being or mental disorder.
Age at onset and cognition in schizophrenia: meta-analysis
- Authors:
- RAJJI T.K., ISMAIL Z., MULSANT B.H.
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 195(4), October 2009, pp.12-14.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This study aimed to compare cognitive deficits in individuals with youth-onset and late-onset schizophrenia with those in adults with first-episode schizophrenia. Publications selected from a literature search of 29 databases from 1980 to 2008 had to include a healthy control group and analyse individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia or a related disorder and individuals with first-episode, youth-onset or late-onset schizophrenia separately. Data were extracted and cognitive data was aggregated into 22 cognitive measures. The conclusions were that individuals with youth-onset schizophrenia have severe cognitive deficits, whereas those with late-onset schizophrenia have some relatively preserved cognitive functions. This supports the view that severity of the disease process is associated with different ages at onset. In addition, the cognitive pattern of people with late onset schizophrenia suggests that their deficits are specific rather than solely as a result of ageing and related factors. Longitudinal and controlled studies will be necessary to address questions of specific deficits versus preserved cognitive functions and to advance understanding of the relationship between the disease process underlying schizophrenia, cognition, age at onset, duration of illness, ageing and associated factors.
A narrative review of reviews of interconnecting risks (IR) of mental health problems for young people
- Authors:
- EDBROOKE-CHILDS Julian, DEIGHTON Jessica
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Family Therapy, 43(4), 2021, pp.748-772.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The aim of this narrative review is to examine the most prevalent multiple or interconnecting risks of mental health problems that have been identified in previous reviews of the literature and to examine those most prevalent for children and young people. Overall, ten databases were searched for published literature reviews, and from 1,556 unique hits, 91 reviews examining individual risks were included, with 35 reviews examining interconnecting risks. The findings suggest that interpersonal connection plays a central role in interconnecting risks, as indicated by the number of interconnections between social groups, interpersonal, parental relationships and family cohesion with other risk themes. Family and systemic approaches have clear value in supporting young people by enabling the development of a secure relational foundation on which to build future protective interpersonal connections. (Edited publisher abstract)
The impact of COVID-19 on gambling behaviour and associated harms: a rapid review
- Author:
- PUBLIC HEALTH ENGLAND
- Publisher:
- Public Health England
- Publication year:
- 2021
- Pagination:
- 70
- Place of publication:
- London
Background: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had an unprecedented impact on life throughout the world. Within the UK, measures introduced to curb transmission rates included the repeated closure of land-based gambling venues, and the cancellation of live sports events. However, not all gambling was affected, with National Lottery products and online gambling remaining available. This report explores the impact that COVID-19 and the related restrictions have had on gambling behaviour and associated harms. It aims to address the following questions: 1. What impact has COVID-19 had on gambling behaviour? 2. What impact has COVID-19 had on harms associated with gambling? Methodology: This study used a rapid review methodology. We conducted database searches from 1 January 2020 to 1 October 2020 and searched a range of websites for grey literature on 22 October 2020. Full text articles were screened by one reviewer and checked by a second. This process was repeated for data extraction and the results presented as a narrative synthesis. Results: Nineteen studies (reported in 22 papers) examined the impact of COVID-19 on gambling behaviour. Almost all studies (17) were based on survey data. While 9 of these studies found an overall reduction in gambling during the first UK lockdown in March 2020, 12 studies found a small group of people who increased their gambling, or started using new gambling products. This group were more likely to experience harm from gambling (found in 8 studies), to be younger in age (found in 7 studies) and to be male (found in 6 studies). Nine studies contained data on harms associated with gambling during COVID-19. Three studies found that gambling during COVID-19 restrictions was associated with poorer mental health outcomes. A further 3 studies also found that gambling during COVID-19 restrictions was associated with higher alcohol use and 2 studies found an association with financial difficulties. Conclusions: There was consistent evidence that overall gambling reduced during the initial COVID-19 lockdown period (March to June 2020). A small proportion of people gambled more during this period, attributing this to boredom and more free time. Most of the studies relied on self-reported data and so results should be interpreted with caution. (Edited publisher abstract)
Are children and adolescents in foster care at greater risk of mental health problems than their counterparts? A meta-analysis
- Authors:
- DUBOIS-COMTOIS Karine, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 127, 2021, p.106100.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This meta-analysis aims at comparing mental health problems of children in foster care to those living with their biological parents while taking in consideration different protective and risk factors. Across 41 studies with a total of 72 independent effect sizes, a significant but small effect size was found between foster care placement and psychopathology (d = 0.19). Children in foster care showed higher levels of psychopathology compared to those from community samples or matched/at-risk samples. They were as likely to show mental health problems as maltreated children living with their biological parents or children from clinical samples. Results showed that foster children’s mental health problems also varied as a function of type of placement and study methodological characteristics. Being placed in kinship care, longer stay in the same foster home and fewer placement disruptions, all acted as protective factors limiting mental health problems of children in foster care. (Edited publisher abstract)
Changing attitudes towards voice hearers: a literature review
- Authors:
- REDDYHOUGH Caitlin, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 57(6), 2021, pp.1032-1044.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Auditory verbal hallucinations, or voice hearing, is increasingly understood as a common experience. Despite this, voice hearers still experience a great deal of stigma, which can have serious negative impacts on the person’s experience of their voices, and their recovery. Research has demonstrated that healthcare professionals may be a major source of the stigma surrounding voice hearing, with service-level implications for the development and delivery of evidence-based interventions. Therefore, reducing this stigma is a critical intervention target. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine evidence for interventions aimed at reducing stigma towards people who hear voices, in populations of healthcare professionals, students, and the general public. The available evidence supports the use of anti-stigma interventions based around direct contact with voice hearers and education about voice hearing. However, further research is necessary in this area to confirm these findings. (Edited publisher abstract)
Surviving the stigma: lessons learnt for the prevention of COVID-19 stigma and its mental health impact
- Authors:
- SINGH Shweta, BHUTANI Saniya, FATIMA Huma
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health and Social Inclusion, 24(3), 2020, pp.145-149.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The spread of novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has affected more than four million lives worldwide. Unfortunately, incidents of stigmatisation associated with COVID-19 are being reported worldwide. Studies conducted during and after public health emergencies because of communicable diseases have highlighted the development of stigmatisation and associated mental health consequences. This study aims to explore the past pandemics and current incidents of stigmatisation to understand COVID-19 stigma, its mental health impact and how they can be prevented by using primary and secondary prevention methods. Design/methodology/approach: Researches were shortlisted using keywords such as “infectious diseases and mental health”, “COVID 19 stigma and mental health”, “Contagious disease stigma” and “mental health of survivors”. Findings: Studies conducted during and after public health emergencies because of communicable diseases have highlighted the development of stigmatisation and associated mental health consequences. The emphasis is on universal prevention of stigmatization. Early psychological intervention may reduce the long-term psychological effects of the illness and reduction of stigma may contribute to treatment. Originality/value: This paper predicts the chances of stigmatisation that COVID-19 survivors may face and possible strategies to prevent it. (Edited publisher abstract)
Peer support models for children and young people with mental health problems
- Authors:
- THEODOSIOU Louise, GLICK Oliver
- Publisher:
- Centre for Mental Health
- Publication year:
- 2020
- Pagination:
- 14
- Place of publication:
- London
This briefing explores the evidence, opportunities and issues relating to peer support models for children and young people with mental health problems. It founds some evidence of the potential potency of peer support, and the unique space it can occupy in providing children with lifelong skills, mental health literacy and confidence. Creating user-defined outcomes that are more sophisticated can help better evaluate and expand programmes. The paper argues that while informal peer support is powerful, it should be harnessed and not used as a placeholder for necessary service provision. (Edited publisher abstract)
Exploration of peer support models to support LGBTQ+ people with their mental health
- Authors:
- BORTHWICK Jess, JAFFEY Lara, SNELL Juliet
- Publisher:
- Centre for Mental Health
- Publication year:
- 2020
- Pagination:
- 16
- Place of publication:
- London
This document provides insight and guidance about the potential need for, and experience of, mental health peer support to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer/Questioning (LGBTQ+) people. People who identify as LGBTQ+ are at higher risk of poor mental health, across the spectrums of both identities and mental health needs. There are some groups with significantly higher mental health risks, such as trans people, older people, people with disabilities or those from BAME communities. In this review, different types of peer support operating for LGBTQ+ people were found: naturally occurring peer support within LGBTQ+ communities; peer run groups and networks; professionally run peer support, based on either shared experience of LGBTQ+ identity, of mental health problems, or of both. Professionally run peer support was found to be effective in preventing mental health, in that it helps to combat isolation, boosts self-esteem and confidence, and provides spaces for people to share and normalise their experiences. Additionally, these interventions have been shown to reduce the likelihood of risk-taking behaviours and combat mental health stigma within the LGBTQ+ community. Formalising peer support contributes to improving standards of professionalism within the LGBTQ+ VCS workforce, and helps to address challenges posed by intersecting minority identities by bridging gaps within LGBTQ+ communities. (Edited publisher abstract)
Research into student mental health: where have we come and how can we improve?
- Author:
- BROWN Poppy
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Public Mental Health, 19(1), 2020, pp.9-12.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: There has previously been limited research into student mental health. However, recognition of the unique challenges and the scale of mental health problems within universities is increasing. A number of projects aiming to address the knowledge gap and develop appropriate interventions and toolkits have recently begun. The purpose of this paper is to present and evaluate such projects. Design/methodology/approach: A critical appraisal of current and recent research in student mental health is presented in this paper. Findings: These projects are likely to bring huge benefits. However, limitations include the need for increased collaboration, use of validated measures for evaluation, and consideration of the context of implementation. Research limitations/implications: Future research should consider ways to overcome these limitations. Originality/value: Discussion and evaluation of current research is important for dissemination and for encouraging future improvement. (Publisher abstract)