Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health"’ Sort:
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Using a person-centered approach to identify patterns of exposure to intimate partner violence and child abuse in women: associations with mental health
- Authors:
- FREE Bre'Anna L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Maltreatment, 26(4), 2021, pp.376-386.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Patterns of exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) and child abuse (CA) were explored in 467 women seeking psychological assistance following IPV. Using latent class analysis, three classes were obtained: women who had experienced physical, sexual, and psychological IPV, along with childhood physical and sexual abuse (IPV + CA; 38.5%); women who had experienced physical, sexual, and psychological IPV only (IPV/no CA; 52.9%); and women who had experienced psychological IPV only (Psych IPV only; 8.6%). Associations of class membership with severity of specific mental health conditions were examined, along with the number of diagnosed conditions. Significant between-class differences were noted on severity of IPV-related posttraumatic stress disorder, depressive disorders, alcohol and substance use disorders, and social phobia. Classes also differed significantly on the number of mental health conditions. Understanding patterns of betrayal-based trauma (e.g., IPV and CA) can inform care within agencies that serve IPV survivors by highlighting individuals at-risk for mental health conditions. (Edited publisher abstract)
Multiple factors associated with child abuse perpetration: a nationwide population-based retrospective study
- Authors:
- CHANG Cheng-Chen, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(11-12), 2021, pp.5360-5382.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Differences in child abuse perpetration between individuals with and without mental disorders remain obscure. This study compared the risk difference and further investigated the association between the category of mental disorders and child abuse perpetration. A total of 681,970 adults from the 2002 to 2013 Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database were analyzed, including 340,985 patients with psychiatric disorders (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification [ICD-9-CM] codes 290.x–319.x) and 340,985 sex- and age-matched individuals without psychiatric disorders. Child abuse perpetration (ICD-9-CM N-codes 995.5x and E-code E967) was the outcome variable. Matched analyses indicated that the risk of child abuse among patients with psychiatric disorders (0.25%) was significantly higher than that among those without psychiatric disorders (0.16%; odds ratio [OR] = 1.464, p < .0001). Among the six categories of mental disorders, the prevalence rates of committing child abuse were significantly higher for personality disorders, substance use, and affective disorders (0.56%, 0.45%, and 0.40%, respectively; p < .0001). Compared with anxiety disorders, substance use disorders were significantly associated with higher odds of child abuse perpetration (OR = 2.032, p < .05), especially physical abuse (OR = 2.018, p < .0001). Psychiatric morbidity was associated with higher odds of child abuse, with substance use determined as the major risk category. Screening high-risk families by using the associated factors is crucial. (Edited publisher abstract)
Assessing the mediating role of social support in childhood maltreatment and psychopathology among college students in Northern Ireland
- Authors:
- LAGDON Susan, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(3-4), 2021, pp.NP2112-2136NP.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The detrimental impact of early trauma, particularly childhood maltreatment, on mental health is well documented. Although it is understood that social support can act as a protective factor toward mental health for children who experience such adversity, few studies have addressed the experience of childhood maltreatment and the important function of social support in adulthood. The current study aimed to assess the mediating role of social support in the relationship between childhood experiences of maltreatment and mental health outcomes including anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and problematic alcohol use in a sample of university students (N = 640) from Northern Ireland. Results of binary logistic regression analyses indicated that those reporting experiences of childhood maltreatment were at increased odds of mental health outcomes of PTSD, anxiety, and depression, but not alcohol use. Those reporting greater social support were significantly less likely to report on these mental health outcomes. In addition, the indirect paths from childhood maltreatment through social support to PTSD, depression, and anxiety were all significant, suggesting that social support, particularly family support, is a significant mediator of these relationships. Such findings have important implications for the social care response to children experiencing maltreatment and future support for such children as they transition to adolescence and adulthood. (Edited publisher abstract)
Parent-child aggression, adult-partner violence, and child outcomes: a prospective, population-based study
- Authors:
- MANETA E.K., WHITE M., MEZZACAPPA E.
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 68, 2017, pp.1-10.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Parent-child physical aggression (PCPA) and adult intimate partner violence (IPV) are common forms of family violence that often co-occur. Their deleterious effects on children and adolescents have been well documented. However, important questions remain regarding whether the type of violence exposure, the experience of one or both forms, the chronicity of violent experiences, and the age, gender, and SES of the child, differentially influence developmental outcomes. Data on 2810 children from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods were analysed. Children aged 3–9 at the outset were assessed three times, at 3-year intervals. Primary caregivers reported on IPV, PCPA, and children’s externalising and internalising symptoms. Children’s externalising and internalising symptoms were examined as a function of time, age, gender, socioeconomic status (SES), and the time-varying effects of cumulative IPV and PCPA exposure. Cumulative experiences of IPV and PCPA each adversely affected the developmental trajectories of both externalising and internalising symptoms, but in different ways; and they did so independently of participants’ age, gender, or SES, which all functioned as significant, independent predictors of child outcomes. PCPA was by far the more potent of the two forms of violence; and when both forms occurred, they worked additively to affect outcomes. Important questions remain regarding the reasons for the differential potency of these two forms of family violence on childhood symptoms, and related implications for interventions, as well as for later adult behaviour. (Edited publisher abstract)
Disentangling the mental health impact of childhood abuse and neglect
- Authors:
- CECIL Charlotte A.M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 63, 2016, p.106–119.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
It is unclear whether maltreatment types exert common or specific effects on mental health. In the current study, the authors aimed to systematically characterise the unique, shared and cumulative effects of maltreatment types on psychiatric symptoms, using data drawn from a community sample of high-risk youth (n = 204, M = 18.85). Analyses controlled for a range of potentially confounding variables, including socio-demographic variables, neighbourhood deprivation and levels of community violence exposure. Outcome measures included multi-informant reports of internalising difficulties, as well as data on externalising problems and trauma-related symptoms. The authors found that (i) consistent with previous studies, maltreatment types were highly interrelated and frequently co-occurred; (ii) symptom severity linearly increased with the number of maltreatment types experienced (more so for self-report vs informant ratings); and (iii) while most forms of maltreatment were significantly associated with mental health outcomes when examined individually, few unique effects were observed when modelling maltreatment types simultaneously, pointing to an important role of shared variance in driving maltreatment effects on mental health. Emotional abuse emerged as the main independent predictor of psychiatric symptomatology – over and above other maltreatment types – and this effect was comparable for males and females (i.e. no significant interaction with sex). Findings contribute to a better understanding of heterogeneity in individual responses to maltreatment. (Edited publisher abstract)
Parental employment status and symptoms of children abused during a recession
- Authors:
- TOBEY Trina, McAULIFFB Kathleen, ROCHA Celina
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 22(4), 2013, pp.416-428.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The relationship between employment status and severity of symptoms in children abused during a recession year were investigated. Participants included 154 females and 65 males between 2 and 17 years old referred to Dallas Children's Advocacy Center after surviving child sexual abuse, physical abuse, and/or neglect. Child abuse survivors whose mothers were unemployed showed higher symptom severity. Larger differences were found when participants were broken down by age, ethnicity, and living situation. Father's employment status did not affect symptom severity probably because many children lived with single mothers. It is concluded that child abuse survivors whose mothers are unemployed have increased risk for psychological symptoms. (Edited publisher abstract)
Evaluating the effectiveness of infant mental health enhanced case management for dependency populations
- Author:
- CONGDON David
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 7(5), October 2010, pp.481-487.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Children who are receiving services for abuse and neglect are likely to have reduced developmental levels and are less prepared for success in school as a result. The progress of 144 children receiving services from The Children's Home Society of Florida was tracked with half being randomly assigned to a control group and half to an experimental group receiving enhanced infant mental health oriented case management services from two social work professionals in each of two locations. Those receiving enhanced case management showed significantly higher results in the following areas: more visits with their parents (for those removed from the family home), more service referrals, more completed assessments for services, more services based on the assessments they received, and more success in completing goals of treatment for which they were referred. Their parents had more contact with professionals to whom they were referred and had more success in completing goals of the treatment for which they were referred. Children who received intensive case management also showed improvement in their developmental skills related to problem solving from inception to completion of services. Implications for further research are considered.
Child maltreatment and the developing brain: a review of neuroscience perspectives
- Authors:
- TWARDOSZ Sandra, LUTZKER John R.
- Journal article citation:
- Aggression and Violent Behavior, 15(1), January 2010, pp.59-68.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This article reviews neuroscience perspectives on child maltreatment. It is believed that the integration of neuroscience research will help uncover the mechanisms by which maltreatment during childhood puts individuals at risk for physical and mental health problems as well as educational and social difficulties. Seminal articles from developmental psychology and psychiatry, a discussion of brain plasticity, and a summary of recent reviews of research on stress system dysregulation are presented with some attention to methodological issues. A common theme is that maltreatment during childhood is an experience that may affect the course of brain development, potentially leading to differences in brain anatomy and functioning with lifelong consequences for mental health. The article argues that the design of prevention and intervention strategies for child maltreatment may benefit from considering neuroscience perspectives.
Multiple victimization experiences of urban elementary school students: associations with psychosocial functioning and academic performance
- Authors:
- HOLT Melissa K., FINKELHOR David, KANTOR Glenda Kaufman
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 31(5), May 2007, pp.503-515.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Participants were 689 fifth grade students from an urban, ethnically diverse school district in the Northeast of the United States. Youth completed self-report measures in school about bullying victimization, victimization in the home and community, and psychosocial functioning. Cluster analysis suggested the existence of three distinct youth profiles: those with minimal victimization, those victimized primarily by their peers, and those with multiple types of victimizations. As hypothesized, youth with multiple victimizations experienced more psychological distress and earned lower grades than their peers. Findings highlight the heterogeneity of youth victimization experiences and their relations to functioning, and have implications for treatment planning among practitioners working with youth.
Multisystemic therapy for child abuse and neglect: parental stress and parental mental health as predictors of change in child neglect
- Authors:
- BAUCH Judith, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 126, 2022, p.105489.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Background: Despite high prevalence, child neglect has long been passed over in research. Serious long-term consequences call for effective intervention programs. However, as a result of the lack of research, there is a lack of effective interventions. In order to develop such intervention programs and to maximize the effectiveness of existing programs, it is necessary to examine what factors are related to the reduction of neglect and, subsequently, what change mechanisms their effectiveness is based on. Objective: this intervention study investigated whether changes in parental mental health and parental stress after Multisystemic Therapy for Child Abuse and Neglect (MST-CAN), an effective evidence-based intervention program for child neglect, are related to changes in child neglect. Participants and setting: Study participants were 144 parent-child dyads participating in the MST-CAN program. Methods: this study analysed changes from pre- to post-treatment in child neglect, parental mental health, and parental stress, and conducted a multiple regression analysis to examine whether changes in parental mental health and parental stress predict changes in child neglect. Result: The results showed that child neglect, as well as parental stress, significantly decreased and parental mental health significantly improved during the program. While improvements in parental mental health were not related to the reduction of child neglect, a decrease in parental stress significantly predicted the reduction of child neglect. Conclusion: These findings suggest that parental stress might be a promising target for evidence-based intervention programs to reduce the occurrence of child neglect. Implications and suggestions for further research are discussed. (Edited publisher abstract)