Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health"’ Sort:
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Burnout, informal social support and psychological distress among social workers
- Authors:
- SANCHEZ-MORENO Esteban, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Social Work, 45(8), 2015, pp.2368-2386.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This article, using a cross-sectional study, analyses the relationship between burnout, informal social support and psychological distress in a sample of social workers in Spain (n = 189). The results show a high incidence of psychological distress and burnout, above all in terms of Emotional Exhaustion (EE). The results of the hierarchical regression analysis confirm the importance of informal social support as a variable negatively related to distress, even in the presence of burnout. Surprisingly, organisational variables were not associated with distress. Longitudinal and qualitative research is necessary to examine the nature of this relationship in detail. (Edited publisher abstract)
Repetition, power imbalance, and intentionality: do these criteria conform to teenagers’ perception of bullying? A role-based analysis
- Author:
- CUADRADO-GORDILLO Isabel
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(10), July 2012, pp.1889-1910.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This study investigated adolescents’ perceptions of bullying and of the different forms it takes, and whether these perceptions vary according to the teen’s role of victim, aggressor, or witness in a bullying situation. Participants included 2,295 secondary compulsory education pupils from the Extremadura region of Spain. Both aggressors and witnesses used the criteria of ‘power imbalance’ and ‘intent to hurt’ to identify a situation of bullying, although the aggressors placed special emphasis on the superiority of power over the victim, while the witnesses emphasised the intent to hurt the victim. One noteworthy finding was that victims did not consider the factor of ‘power imbalance’. The factor that determined their perceptions was the ‘intent to hurt’. Some forms of bullying were seen as typical teen social interactions, and the perception depended significantly on the adolescent’s role as aggressor, victim, or witness.
The mediating role of sense of coherence on mental health outcomes in carers of older dependent relatives: a longitudinal study
- Authors:
- LOPEZ-MARTINEZ Catalina, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 36(5), 2021, pp.722-730.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Sense of coherence (SOC) is an important protective factor for carer well‐being but research to date remains cross‐sectional, focusing primarily on the direct effects of SOC on carers' mental health. The study's aim was to investigate the mediating role of SOC in the longitudinal relationship between caregiver strain and carers' psychological health, and its stability over time. Methods: Prospective longitudinal study conducted in Jaén (Spain) with a probabilistic sample of 132 carers of older people, with data collected at baseline and at 1‐year follow‐up. We measured SOC, caregiver strain, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and several care‐recipient characteristics and intensity of care provided. We used multiple linear regression modelling and the Sobel test to analyse mediation effects. Results: SOC was significantly negatively longitudinally associated with both anxiety (β = −0.38, p = 0.001) and depressive symptoms (β = −0.28, p = 0.023), after controlling for several confounders. SOC mediated both the relationship between caregiver strain and anxiety, and caregiver strain and depressive symptoms (Sobel test: p < 0.001 for anxiety and p < 0.001 for depressive symptoms). Differences between baseline and 1‐year follow‐up SOC scores were not statistically significant (p = 0.617). Conclusions: SOC appears to buffer the impact of caregiver strain on symptoms of depression and anxiety in informal carers of older people. Our data showed that SOC is an important psychological resource for carers that remained relatively stable under non‐experimental conditions over a period of 1 year in this sample. The findings suggest that interventions aimed at strengthening SOC may protect carer psychological well‐being. (Edited publisher abstract)
Life satisfaction among children in different family structures: a comparative study of 36 western Societies
- Authors:
- BJARNASON Thoroddur, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Society, 26(1), January 2012, pp.51-62.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Children living in less fortunate economic circumstances can be expected to be less satisfied with life and the association between single parenthood and reduced life satisfaction may be partly due to economic hardship. This paper examines differences in life satisfaction among 184,496 children in different family structures in 36 western countries. Findings revealed that children living with both biological parents reported higher levels of life satisfaction than children living with a single parent or parent–step-parent. Children in joint physical custody reported significantly higher levels of life satisfaction than their counterparts in other types of non-intact families. Difficulties in communicating with parents were strongly associated with less life satisfaction but did not mediate the relation between family structure and life satisfaction. Children in the Nordic countries characterised by strong welfare systems reported significantly higher levels of life satisfaction in all living arrangements except in single father households. While such life events as divorce or single motherhood may be heavily stigmatised in some countries and certain segments within countries, they may well be relatively meaningless in other social contexts. This may be a major source of the considerable variation in life satisfaction among children in living with single mothers or step-parents in different countries.
Unemployment benefits, job search activity and mental health: discouraging or buffering effects?
- Author:
- MALMBERG-HEIMONEN Ira
- Journal article citation:
- Nordisk Sosialt Arbeid, 25(1), 2005, pp.2-16.
- Publisher:
- Universitetsforlaget AS
The modern welfare state forms an important buffer against individual market risks, but has become less effective. Changes are being made in labour market policies generally by restricting access to unemployment benefits and by linking benefits to job search activity. Nevertheless, the effects of these changes are in many cases inconsistent and minor. This study investigates whether unemployment benefits have an impact on job search patterns and whether they are associated in some way with the risks of mental health problems. The study included young unemployed 18-24 year-olds from four countries including Sweden, Finland, Germany and Spain.
AIDS and suicide issues in Spain
- Authors:
- CARVAJAL M.J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- AIDS Care, 7(S1), 1995, pp.S135-S138.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Current suicidality and other characteristics were assessed in HIV-infected patients, independent of clinical stage, who had been referred to a Psychiatry Unit from an Infectious Disease Unit of a General Hospital in Spain. Discusses the results of the study.
Evaluation of comprehensive care of the mentally ill: the transition from mental hospital care to extramural care of the mentally ill in European Community Countries
- Editors:
- FREEMAN Hugh, HENDERSON John
- Publishers:
- Gaskell, Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Publication year:
- 1991
- Pagination:
- 220p.,tables,bibliogs.
- Place of publication:
- London
Evaluation of the mental health of care home staff in the Covid-19 era. What price did care home workers pay for standing by their patients?
- Authors:
- MARTIN Josune, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 36(11), 2021, pp.1810-1819.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: The characteristics of this pandemic increase the potential psychological impact on care homes workers (CHWs). The aims of this study were to analyze the mental health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of a broad sample of CHWs in Spain and to identify potential factors that have a significant effect on their mental health and HRQoL. Method: This descriptive study comprised 210 CHWs who completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Impact Event Scale-Revised, the Insomnia Severity Index, and the Health-related Quality of Life Questionnaire. Sociodemographic and clinical data in relation to COVID-19 were also recorded. Descriptive statistics, univariable analysis and multivariable linear regression models were applied to identify factors associated with mental health and HRQoL. Results: 86.19% of participants were female; 86.67% were aged under 55 years; 11% were physicians and 64.19% were nurses or auxiliaries; 77.62% have themselves tested positive for Covid-19, and 67.94% of CHWs have directly treated patients with Covid-19. 49.28% had clinical depression; over half (58.57%) had clinical anxiety; 70.95% had clinical stress; and 28.57% had clinical insomnia. Increased use of tranquilizers/sedatives appears to be an explanatory variable of suffering greater anxiety, depression, stress and insomnia, and of having a worse HRQoL amongst our CHWs. Conclusions: This study confirms that symptomatology of anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia and HRQoL were affected amongst CHWs during the Covid-19 pandemic. (Edited publisher abstract)
Is Facebook use healthy for individuals experiencing homelessness? A scoping review on social networking and living in the streets
- Authors:
- CALVO Fran, CARBONELL Xavier
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 28(5), 2019, pp.505-519.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
Background: Although they are faced with a situation of extreme social exclusion, individuals experiencing homelessness (IEH) have gradually begun to incorporate the use of social networking sites (SNS) into their everyday lives. Aims: To review the publications that have examined the use of SNS among IEH and to analyze the impact that this online activity has on the health of these individuals. Methods: This study employed a scoping review method, analyzing scientific literature published up to the end of 2016. Results: An analysis was performed on nineteen peer-reviewed articles and three grey literature publications. IEH, especially those who are younger, use SNS in a similar proportion to the overall population. When these individuals used the networks due to their own initiative, it was found to have a positive health effect in that it mitigated the consequences of living on the street. Interventions aimed at improving the participants’ health achieved positive results, both in terms of preventing problems associated with drug abuse and high-risk sexual behavior and of promoting mental health. Conclusions: The use of SNS presents some health benefits for IEH. Virtual communication and information alternatives provide opportunities to improve the mental and general health of people in social exclusion situations. (Edited publisher abstract)
Effect of anxiety on memory for emotional information in older adults
- Authors:
- HERRERA Sara, MONTORIO Ignacio, CABRERA Isabel
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 21(4), 2017, pp.362-368.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Background: Several studies have shown that anxiety is associated with a better memory of negative events. However, this anxiety-related memory bias has not been studied in the elderly, in which there is a preferential processing of positive information. Objectives: To study the effect of anxiety in a recognition task and an autobiographical memory task in 102 older adults with high and low levels of trait anxiety. Method: Negative, positive and neutral pictures were used in the recognition task. In the autobiographical memory task, memories of the participants’ lives were recorded, how they felt when thinking about them, and the personal relevance of these memories. Results: In the recognition task, no anxiety-related bias was found toward negative information. Individuals with high trait anxiety were found to remember less positive pictures than those with low trait anxiety. In the autobiographical memory task, both groups remembered negative and positive events equally. However, people with high trait anxiety remembered life experiences with more negative emotions, especially when remembering negative events. Individuals with low trait anxiety tended to feel more positive emotions when remembering their life experiences and most of these referred to feeling positive emotions when remembering negative events. Conclusions: Older adults with anxiety tend to recognise less positive information and to present more negative emotions when remembering life events; while individuals without anxiety have a more positive experience of negative memories. (Edited publisher abstract)