Search results for ‘Subject term:"mental health"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 267
Inequalities in women’s medium or low secure mental health settings: a scoping review
- Authors:
- TRUMM A., BRENISIN Kristina, BREEN Kieran
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Practice, 23(3), 2021, pp.254-271.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The more disadvantaged members of society generally experience poorer outcomes following the development of mental ill-health. The purpose of this paper is to scope the literature and synthesise findings on the inequalities and mental health within secure mental health settings. Design/methodology/approach: Six electronic databases were searched to identify relevant studies. These were included if they examined the association between inequalities and mental health in women’s secure mental health settings. Findings: Of the 608 studies reviewed, 14 met the inclusion criteria. In these papers, violence and/or abuse were described as the most prevalent inequalities. The second most frequent group of inequalities identified were socio-economic. Only three published studies researched the impact of ethnicities. Physical health, alcohol abuse and a dysfunctional family upbringing were only mentioned in one of the studies. Gender identity, transitioning and sexual orientation was not considered in any papers. These are areas, which require further investigation to determine their specific impact in this setting. Research limitations/implications: This review highlights the dearth of high-quality research-based evidence underpinning an understanding of the impact of inequalities on women in secure mental health settings. The existing studies suggest that inequalities have a very particular impact and that intersectionality plays a key role. Further research is required to further understand how inequalities impact the lives of women in secure mental health settings. Practical implications: The inequalities that women experience in relation to mental health need to be further researched in the context of intersectionality. There are also research gaps in terms of gender identity, sexual orientation and socio-economic background. Further primary research using a more complex methodological paradigm is required to explore these factors and their impact on mental health service provision. Social implications: The role of inequalities should be considered as part of an overall care package, including the experiences of adverse childhood experiences and this should contribute towards the development of a trauma-based care approach. Originality/value: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to scope literature about inequalities experienced in women’s secure psychiatric settings considering intersectionality. (Edited publisher abstract)
A narrative review of reviews of interconnecting risks (IR) of mental health problems for young people
- Authors:
- EDBROOKE-CHILDS Julian, DEIGHTON Jessica
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Family Therapy, 43(4), 2021, pp.748-772.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The aim of this narrative review is to examine the most prevalent multiple or interconnecting risks of mental health problems that have been identified in previous reviews of the literature and to examine those most prevalent for children and young people. Overall, ten databases were searched for published literature reviews, and from 1,556 unique hits, 91 reviews examining individual risks were included, with 35 reviews examining interconnecting risks. The findings suggest that interpersonal connection plays a central role in interconnecting risks, as indicated by the number of interconnections between social groups, interpersonal, parental relationships and family cohesion with other risk themes. Family and systemic approaches have clear value in supporting young people by enabling the development of a secure relational foundation on which to build future protective interpersonal connections. (Edited publisher abstract)
The impact of green spaces on mental health in urban settings: a scoping review
- Authors:
- CALLAGHAN A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 30(2), 2021, pp.179-193.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
Background: Our planet is currently experiencing the largest wave of urban growth in history, with 55% of the world’s population (4.2 billion people) currently living in urban areas, a figure set to rise to 70% by 2050. Primary care is the first point of treatment for most mental health disorders. Since the urban environment and health are intrinsically linked, it is useful to examine the effectiveness of Nature-Based Solutions in addressing mental health. Aims: The aim of this scoping review was to examine “How urban green spaces can improve mental health and wellbeing among patients attending general practice and primary care?” Methods: The scoping review framework comprised a five-stage process developed by Arksey and O’Malley. Results: Twenty-five studies were included in the review, mostly cross-sectional studies. A wide range of mental health outcomes were identified. Out of the 25 included studies, 23 showed positive associations between mental health and green space characteristics. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that while green spaces are associated with positive mental health outcomes, most studies were cross-sectional in nature and provided limited evidence for association. Furthermore, the population samples used in most of the studies were taken from national survey data and were not specifically primary care patients. Further studies that assess primary care patients specifically are warranted. (Edited publisher abstract)
Are narrative therapy groups effective for people with intellectual disabilities? A critical review of the literature
- Author:
- MCKENZIE-SMITH Laura
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 25(4), 2020, pp.213-222.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Narrative therapy has been suggested as particularly relevant to people with intellectual disability (ID), with group formats potentially offering additional benefits. This paper aims to critically review studies which evaluated narrative group interventions for people with ID. Design/methodology/approach: The seven papers identified for review were critically appraised for their quality using a quality appraisal tool appropriate to their design, along with additional factors including adaptations made to improve accessibility. Findings: The studies suggest that there may be some small benefits of narrative group therapy for those with ID. However, alongside issues limiting the studies’ evaluations, it is noted that the research paradigms used in the studies conflict with narrative approaches. Research limitations/implications: The limited evidence base suggests the need for further research. The randomised controlled trial would ordinarily be seen as the gold standard for such research. However, narrative interventions may require a different approach to evaluation. Originality/value: This is the first review of published literature on the evaluation of narrative therapy groups for people with ID. (Edited publisher abstract)
Exploring effectiveness of psychotherapy options for sexually abused children and adolescents: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
- Authors:
- TICHELAAR Henny K., DEKOVIC Maja, ENDENDIJK Joyce J.
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 119, 2020, p.105519.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) can have major implications for child mental health on the short-term, but also for developmental outcomes later in life, especially when left untreated. Yet, there is no consensus about best practices in psychotherapy for child and adolescent CSA-victims. In this study, we therefore systematically reviewed existing literature on the effectiveness of different types of psychotherapy, as well as specific treatment components, for improving CSA-victims’ mental-health outcomes. We searched databases (PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining effectiveness of psychotherapy for child or adolescent victims of CSA. This search yielded 32 RCTs testing effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (with and without adaptation to CSA), trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, group therapy, prolonged-exposure treatment, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, and play therapy. For each type of psychotherapy, some studies demonstrated evidence for its effectiveness in improving CSA-victims’ mental health, but other studies did not. We also found some evidence that certain therapy approaches might be specifically effective for specific groups of clients, i.e., TF-CBT for highly vulnerable and traumatized clients, group therapy for girls, and briefer approaches for younger children. Regarding treatment components, trauma narration and pharmacotherapy appeared to enhance effectiveness of psychotherapy. A thorough comparison between studies was difficult, because control-groups and measured outcomes differed greatly. Therefore, the field needs more rigorous large-scale RCTs, with long-term follow-up and more uniformity in outcome measures, investigating the effectiveness of specific treatment components, to be able to draw evidence-based conclusions about best practices for CSA-victims. (Edited publisher abstract)
Emerging evidence: coronavirus and children and young people's mental health: issue 3
- Authors:
- GILLEARD Anna, et al
- Publisher:
- Evidence Based Practice Unit
- Publication year:
- 2020
- Pagination:
- 22
- Place of publication:
- London
A rapid review of the evidence on the key mental health challenges for children and young people during the Covid-19 pandemic, and how parents, carers, and professionals can help them to manage and minimise these challenges. It is the third of a series of reviews and captures research identified between 25th May and 14th June 2020. Key mental health challenges for children and young people during the pandemic include: mental health difficulties such as anxiety and depression have markedly increased; feelings of panic, stress, fear and fatigue amid uncertainty and a lack of control among young people are also widespread; disruption to young people’s ‘sense of control’ and ‘sense of meaning’ has contributed to growing stress and anxiety; concerns about returning to schools and colleges are also common; family dynamics, learning and education, financial stressors, social isolation and loneliness are all stressors contributing to poor mental health during the pandemic. For some, the pandemic has had positive mental health impacts due to a sense of support and potentially reduced stressors, such as social pressures at school. (Edited publisher abstract)
Emerging evidence: coronavirus and children and young people's mental health: issue 1
- Authors:
- CORTINA Melissa A., GILLEARD Anna, DEIGHTON Jess
- Publisher:
- Evidence Based Practice Unit
- Publication year:
- 2020
- Pagination:
- 13
- Place of publication:
- London
A rapid review of the evidence on the key mental health challenges for children and young people during the Covid-19 pandemic, and how parents, carers, and professionals can help them to manage and minimise these challenges. It is the first of a series of reviews and covers evidence found from 1st January 2020 to 4th May 2020. The review finds that the key mental health challenges for children and young people during the pandemic include: the pandemic can influence many different aspects of mental health and may have longer-term consequences; higher than usual levels of stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms and fear have been found in children and young people; mental health challenges during the pandemic have been attributed to several events or conditions including school closures, increased time away from peers, health concerns, and media over-exposure. Support for children and young people’s mental health and wellbeing may include: promoting healthy habits such as sleeping well and daily exercise, recreating routines at home, and having clear and honest conversations about their child’s worries; small, daily acts can help promote health and emotional wellbeing in the home; teachers play a vital role in care and advocacy of positive mental health. In terms of support for those with mental health conditions, the most effective support will be adaptable and responsive to the evolving stages of the pandemic, and will involve a collaborative network which includes families, education, social care and health. (Edited publisher abstract)
The relationship between highly visual social media and young people’s mental health: a scoping review
- Authors:
- McCRORY Alanna, BEST Paul, MADDOCK Alan
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 115, 2020, p.105053.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Users of highly visual social media (HVSM), such as Snapchat and Instagram, share their messages through images, rather than relying on words. A significant proportion of people that use these platforms are adolescents. Previous research reveals mixed evidence regarding the impact of online social technologies on this age group’s mental wellbeing, but it is uncertain whether the psychological effects of visual content alone differ from text-driven social media. This scoping review maps existing literature that has published evidence about highly visual social media, specifically its psychological impact on young people. Nine electronic databases and grey literature from 2010 until March 2019 were reviewed for articles describing any aspect of visual social media, young people and their mental health. The screening process retrieved 239 articles. With the application of eligibility criteria, this figure was reduced to 25 articles for analysis. Results indicate a paucity of data that exclusively examines HVSM. The predominance of literature relies on quantitative methods to achieve its objectives. Many findings are inconsistent and lack the richness that qualitative data may provide to explore the reasons for theses mixed findings. (Publisher abstract)
Effectiveness of mental health first aid: a meta-analysis
- Authors:
- MASLOWSKI Amy K., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Review Journal, 24(4), 2019, pp.245-261.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper, a meta-analysis and systematic review of Mental Health First Aid (MHFA), is to focus on studies that reported trainees’ mental health literacy, attitudes and helping-related behaviours, as well as the impact of the program for the people who came into contact with trainees (i.e. recipients). Design/methodology/approach: A systematic search included several online databases of published studies, dissertations or theses, and journals commonly publishing research in this area. Studies were randomised or non-randomised control trials using an intervention based upon the adult or youth MHFA curriculum. Findings: Of the 8,257 initial articles, 16 met inclusion criteria. Small-to-moderate effect sizes (Hedges’ g=0.18–0.53) were found for the primary outcomes for the trainees with effects appearing to be maintained at follow-up. Study quality was inversely associated with effect size. No evidence of investigator allegiance was detected. Few studies examined the effects for those who received aid from a MHFA trainee. Preliminary quantitative evidence appeared lacking (Hedges’ g=−0.04 to 0.12); furthermore, a qualitative review found limited positive effects. Research limitations/implications: MHFA trainees appear to benefit from MHFA; however, objective behavioural changes are in need of greater emphasis. Additionally, considerably greater attention and effort in testing effects on distressed recipients is needed with future empirical investigations. Originality/value: This is the first known review that includes preliminary findings on the effects of MHFA on the distressed recipients of the aid. It is anticipated that this will prompt further investigation into the impact of MHFA. (Edited publisher abstract)
Prevention review: landscape paper
- Author:
- MENTAL HEALTH FOUNDATION
- Publisher:
- Mental Health Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2015
- Pagination:
- 39
- Place of publication:
- London
This paper scopes the public mental health research landscape today with a particular focus on the evidence around prevention and the fundamental determinants of mental health and mental health inequity. One hundred and twelve papers were included in this review, and were summarised in mapping tables according to their approach to public mental health, target population, setting, research method and findings. The mapping process has revealed significant areas of activity and gaps in relation to the current evidence base, which can be used to guide and inform the future direction of research in this area. There was very little or no review level or grey evidence found in the following areas: new technology; rights based approaches; participatory methods, involving people with lived experience of mental health problems; and sustainability or roll out of prevention interventions. The most common themes within the review level evidence were: public mental health across the lifecourse; measures; natural experiments / RCTs; outcomes; and efficiency / quality indicators. For the grey evidence, universal approaches were the most commonly addressed priority area, with other areas of interest including lifecourse, settings, inequalities and interdisciplinary approaches. (Edited publisher abstract)