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Mapping the future of family care: receipt of informal care by older people with disabilities in England to 2032
- Authors:
- PICKARD Linda, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Policy and Society, 11(4), October 2012, pp.533-545.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Today, in many economically developed countries, long-term care systems are reliant on informal care. However, in the context of population ageing, there are concerns about the future supply of informal care. This article reports on projections of informal care receipt by older people with disabilities from spouses and adult children to 2032 in England. The current projections show that the relative numbers of older people with disabilities who have a child will fall by 2032, and that the extent of informal care in future may be lower than previously estimated. The policy implications for England are discussed.
It shouldn't be this way: the failure of long-term care
- Authors:
- KANE Robert L., WEST Joan C.
- Publisher:
- Vanderbilt University Press
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Pagination:
- 180p.
- Place of publication:
- Nashville, TN
As the authors recount their mother’s story, they impart various lessons they learned from each phase of the experience. They alert those who are confronting such situations for the first time about what they will likely face and how to approach the problems. Closing with a broader look at why long-term care is the way it is, they propose steps to make necessary reforms, including the development of national organizations to work for change. Their message to families, care professionals, and policy-makers could not be more urgent.
Long-term care at home and female work during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Authors:
- SUGAWARA Shinya, NAKAMURA Jiro
- Journal article citation:
- Health Policy, early cite 30 April 2021,
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This study analyzes the impacts of COVID-19 on two elements: long-term care at home, which is available for care recipients who live in their own home, and working status in Japan. A regression analysis of municipality data reveals that the number of users of adult daycare is negatively correlated to COVID-19, both nationally and regionally. This finding is intuitive because people avoid daycare due to the increased risk of exposure to infection. However, the number of users of home care is positively correlated to users of daycare, which implies that home care has not functioned as a replacement for daycare, despite government encouragement. Furthermore, a regression analysis using prefecture data shows that working hours for both females and males were negatively correlated to the national status of the pandemic, while the regional status of the pandemic was negatively correlated only to female working hours. This implies that female labor status is more vulnerable to such outbreaks in Japan. Also, this study finds consistent results with a situation in which informal care compensated for the decline in daycare use; and this care has been provided primarily by especially females who have reduced their working hours by COVID-19. (Edited publisher abstract)
How politico-economic systems shape individuals’ value of elderly care: evidence from the German reunification
- Authors:
- DIEDERICH Freya, KONIG Hans-Helmut, BRETTSCHNEIDER Christian
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 60(2), 2020, pp.350-358.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Perceptions of how societies should care for the elderly people can differ among countries. This study examines to what extent individuals’ value of informal care is shaped by the politico-economic system in which they grew up and if this value adjusts once an individual lives in a different politico-economic system. Research Design and Methods: The study uses data from the German Family Panel and take advantage of the unique setting of the German separation and reunification. Probit models are used to examine the effect of being born in East Germany on individuals’ value of informal care relative to employment at different birth cohorts and survey waves (N = 14,093). Average marginal effects are calculated. Results: Twenty years after reunification, East Germans who spent their adolescence under communism exhibit a higher value of informal care relative to employment than West Germans who grew up in a western social market economy. Differences in values between East and West Germans do not significantly converge over time. Discussion and Implications: Individuals’ value of informal care is deeply shaped by the politico-economic system in which they grew up. If immigration policies are introduced to increase the care for elderly people, differences in individuals’ cultural perceptions of elderly care should be considered as these will not suddenly adjust. (Edited publisher abstract)
Caregivers create a veteran-centric community in VHA medical foster homes
- Authors:
- HAVERHALS Leah M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 59(6), 2016, pp.441-457.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The Veteran’s Health Administration’s Medical Foster Home program offers a unique long-term care option for veterans who require nursing-home- or assisted-living-level care. Veterans in a medical foster home reside with community-based caregivers who provide 24-hr-a-day care and monitoring. The veterans often remain in the medical foster home until end of life. Support and oversight is provided to the caregiver from the Veteran’s Health Administration’s community-based medical team. This qualitative descriptive study is based on secondary analysis of interviews with 20 medical foster home caregivers from 7 programs across the United States. The study’s research aims are to describe and explain (a) the type of care backgrounds and skills these caregivers possess, (b) caregivers’ primary motivations to open their homes to veterans who often have complex medical and social needs, and (c) how caregivers function in their role as primary caregiver for veterans. Findings indicated that caregivers interviewed had worked in long-term care settings and/or cared for family members. A strong desire to serve veterans was a primary motivation for caregivers, rather than financial gain. The caregivers’ long-term care skills aided them in building and sustaining the unique medical foster home family-like community. (Publisher abstract)
360 degrees of care
- Author:
- BEGLEY Pat
- Journal article citation:
- Quality in Ageing and Older Adults, 11(4), December 2010, pp.47-50.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Research has demonstrated the benefits of telecare. It helps those with long-term needs live more independent lives, improves well-being, and enhances the quality of life. Yet little attention has been focused on the impact of telecare on unpaid carers who look after relatives with long-term care needs. This article examines the evidence from “A Weight Off My Mind: exploring the impact and potential benefits of telecare for unpaid carers”, and the ways in which telecare has impacted on carers, and how it has improved their quality of life. The potential benefit for carers were identified as: reducing pressure on carers; supporting carers in their supporting role; enabling carers to get a better night’s sleep; and giving carers peace of mind about the safety and well-being of the person being cared for. Telecare has also been instrumental in enabling carers to remain in paid employment, thereby maintaining family stability. Finally, telecare also had a positive impact on the relationship with the person they cared for, enabling both to preserve greater independence.
Reforming adult social care: what can England learn from the experiences of other countries?
- Author:
- GLENDINNING Caroline
- Journal article citation:
- Quality in Ageing and Older Adults, 11(4), December 2010, pp.40-46.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This article discusses principles for reforming adult social care in England by examining the experiences of other countries, which are commonly driven by the desire to develop and maintain universal access to social care. It outlines how formerly fragmented, un-co-ordinated and locally variable arrangements are being replaced with universal schemes, with national eligibility arrangements applicable to everyone regardless of age or ability to pay. Personal budgets instead of services in kind are widely used. However, such options can have different aims, including supporting family carers and stimulating local provider markets, as well as offering consumer choice. The article also notes how policies for family carers are usually integral to overall long-term care arrangements. Even in federal systems within Europe, central governments play a crucial role in ensuring universal, equitable and sustainable social care. The author concludes that central government leadership maximises risk pooling, enhances budgetary control mechanisms and safeguards equity and quality control.
Modelling an entitlement to long-term care services for older people in Europe: projections for long-term care expenditure to 2050
- Authors:
- PICKARD Linda, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of European Social Policy, 17(1), February 2007, pp.33-48.
- Publisher:
- Sage
As the numbers of older people rise in Europe, the importance of long-term care services in terms of numbers of users and expenditures can be expected to grow. This article examines the implications for expenditure in four countries of a national entitlement to long-tem care services for all older people, based on assessed dependency. It is based on a European Commission-funded cross-national study, which makes projections to 2050 of long-term care expenditure in Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK. The policy option investigated is based on the German long-term care insurance scheme, which embodies the principle of an entitlement on uniform national criteria to long-term care benefits. The research models this key principle of the German system in the other three participating countries, with respect to home care services. The study finds that, if all moderately/severely dependent older people receive an entitlement to formal (in-kind) home care, the impact on expenditure could be considerable, but would vary greatly between countries. The impact on long-term care expenditure is found to be the least in Germany, where there is already an entitlement to benefits; and the greatest in Spain, where reliance on informal care is widespread. This article discusses the policy implications of these results.
Testing consumer views on paying for long-term care
- Authors:
- CROUCHER Karen, RHODES Paul
- Publisher:
- Joseph Rowntree Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 48p.
- Place of publication:
- York
To test the viability and acceptability of options, public attitudes towards them were tested in a series of eight focus groups. This report and summary documents the findings. The ideas tested were: standardised assessment and means testing of domiciliary services; re-packaging Attendance Allowance into a standardised care payment; increasing support of informal carers – through resources and/or formal help; the potential of equity release schemes to pay for domiciliary care costs.
Perspectives: bonds are at a premium
- Author:
- TAYLOR Alison
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 13.1.00, 2000, p.18.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Argues that it is time that the need for long-term relationships between social workers and some service users is recognised and encouraged.