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Rising from the COVID-19 crisis: policy responses in the long-term care sector
- Author:
- ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
- Publisher:
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- Publication year:
- 2021
- Pagination:
- 13
- Place of publication:
- Paris
This brief looks at mortality rates in care homes, as well as the policy responses undertaken during the Covid-19 pandemic. The brief assesses the emergency preparedness of the sector and highlights the lessons learned, including policies to reduce isolation, testing strategies, care workforce and co-ordination with the health care sector. Key messages include: the long-term care (LTC) sector was generally ill-prepared to tackle a health emergency – deaths in the sector account for 40% of total COVID-19 deaths; most OECD countries banned visitors to LTC facilities and reduced group activities especially during the early months of the outbreak – such restrictions of visitors and group activities had a toll on resident’s well-being; access to testing and personal protective equipment (PPE) in the initial phases of the pandemic was not sufficiently prioritised in the sector; correct identification of symptoms among residents in care homes and staff was limited due to lack of initial knowledge on screening, insufficient access to health professionals and testing availability; high population density in LTC facilities has often been associated with worse outcomes; a higher LTC staffing rate was strongly associated with lower infection and LTC death rates across countries in early 2020; only seven OECD countries generated guidelines for better integration of care services with hospitals and only six improved access to palliative care; going forward, improving LTC preparedness requires an assessment of preparedness at the level of LTC facilities with detailed knowledge of human and material resources and regular actualisation of protocols for different scenarios. In addition, enhancing LTC response to emergencies requires co-ordination channels between public health authorities and the social sector, but also adequate follow-up mechanisms on the strategies undertaken with standardised data on infections and characteristics of facilities and residents. (Edited publisher abstract)
Long-term care for older people
- Author:
- ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
- Publisher:
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Pagination:
- 137p.
- Place of publication:
- Paris
Long-term care is a cross-cutting policy issue that brings together a range of services for persons who are dependent on help with basic activities of daily living. When the cohorts of the baby-boom generation will reach the oldest age groups over the next three decades, demand for long-term care will rise steeply. How do governments in OECD countries respond to this growing demand? What has been done to improve access to long-term care, improve quality of services and make care affordable? Are there examples of successful strategies to improve the mix of services and policies to enable a larger number of older persons to stay in their homes? And has this helped contain the costs of caring for the elderly? This study reports on the latest trends in long-term care policies in nineteen OECD countries: Australia, Austria, Canada, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Mexico, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It studies lessons learned from countries that undertook major reforms over the past decade. Trends in expenditure, financing and the number of care recipients are analysed based on new data on cross-country differences. Special attention is given to experience with programmes that provide consumers of services with a choice of care options, including cash to family caregivers. Concise country profiles of long-term care systems and an overview on demography and living situations of older persons make this complex policy field more accessible.
A good life in old age? Monitoring and improving quality in long-term care
- Authors:
- ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT, EUROPEAN COMMISSION
- Publisher:
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- Publication year:
- 2013
- Pagination:
- 270
- Place of publication:
- Paris
With the ageing populations and growing costs, ensuring and improving the quality of longterm care (LTC) services has become an important policy priority across OECD countries. The share of those aged 80 years and over is expected to increase from 4% in 2010 to nearly 10% in 2050, while in 2010 OECD countries allocated 1.6% of groos domestic product (GDP) to public spending on LTC, on average. The goal of good quality care is to maintain or, when feasible, to improve the functional and health outcomes of frail older people, the chronically ill and the physically disabled, whether they receive care in nursing homes, assisted living facilities, community-based or home care settings. This report is the outcome of a two-year collaboration between the OECD Health Division and the Directorate General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion of the European Commission. The report discusses the importance of developing metrics for measuring safe, effective and responsive long-term care services, and looks at on-going country initiatives to improve the quality of life of frail older people, as well as the technical and broader challenges to measurement and improvement. The report focuses on three aspects generally accepted as critical to quality care: effectiveness and care safety; patient-centredness; and responsiveness and care co-ordination. The report is organised in three parts: measuring quality in long-term care; policies to drive the quality in long-term care; and case studies: Europe and the United States. (Edited publisher abstract)
Health at a glance 2015: OECD indicators
- Author:
- ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
- Publisher:
- OECD Publishing
- Publication year:
- 2015
- Pagination:
- 216
- Place of publication:
- Paris
Presents the most recent comparable data on the performance of health systems in OECD countries. The report includes a set of dashboards of health indicators to summarise the relative strengths and weaknesses of OECD countries on different key indicators of health and health system performance and quality of care. The report also contains data and analysis on ageing and long-term care, looking at: life expectancy and healthy life expectancy at age, self-reported health and disability at age 65; dementia prevalence; recipients of long-term care; informal carers; long-term care workers; long-term care beds in institutions and hospitals; and long-term care expenditure. (Edited publisher abstract)
Caring for frail elderly people: policies in evolution
- Author:
- ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
- Publisher:
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- Publication year:
- 1996
- Pagination:
- 305p.,tables,bibliogs.
- Place of publication:
- Paris
Examines evolving policies on long term care for the ageing population in the OECD area, and presents detailed information from 8 countries. Each country chapter covers: the demographic and social context; current provisions; costs and charges for services; provision of services; funding issues; and trends and future plans.
Help wanted?: providing and paying for long-term care
- Author:
- ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
- Publisher:
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- Publication year:
- 2011
- Pagination:
- 336p.
- Place of publication:
- Paris
With populations ageing and the need for long-term care growing rapidly, this book examines the challenges OECD countries are facing with regard to providing and paying for long-term care. It looks at such issues as: future demographic trends, policies to support family carers, long-term care workers, financing arrangements, long-term care insurance, and getting better value for money in long-term care, and how to manage more effectively the interact between health and care.