Search results for ‘Subject term:"lgbt people"’ Sort:
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Commentary on: "Lost in the literature". People with intellectual disabilities who identify as trans: a narrative review
- Author:
- ZIRNSAK Tessa-May
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 27(1), 2022, pp.53-56.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: This paper aims to discuss the barriers that people with intellectual disabilities face to come out as transgender in the context of a paucity of research with or about this group. Design/methodology/approach: The commentary and brief overview of trans participation in literature on people with intellectual disabilities presented in this paper is informed by a Queer Theory and Critical disabilities Studies approach. Findings: Researchers in this area are correct that there is insufficient literature that addressed the experiences of trans people with intellectual disabilities; however, for trans people with intellectual disabilities to be involved in research they must first be safe to self-identify and come out in their communities and services. Existing research suggests that people with intellectual disabilities may face additional barriers to self-identifying as LGTBQ, and that for those who have claimed a trans identity, it is not safe to come out. Social implications: There is a need for researchers and professional and lived experience experts to be engaged in policy and social research with the aim of creating safe spaces and communities for people with intellectual disabilities to explore and affirm their gender. Originality/value: There are no published papers that redirect focus from a paucity of research into the experiences of trans people with intellectual disabilities towards addressing why trans people with intellectual disabilities may choose not to come out in a context of hostility towards transgender identity in disabilities services. (Edited publisher abstract)
Identity abuse as a tactic of violence in LGBTQ communities: initial validation of the identity abuse measure
- Authors:
- WOULFE Julie M., GOODMAN Lisa A.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(5-6), 2021, pp.2656-2676.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Intimate partner violence (IPV; i.e., physical, sexual, or psychological abuse by a current or former partner) remains a public health concern with devastating personal and societal costs. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals are also vulnerable to a dimension of IPV called identity abuse (IA); that is, abuse tactics that leverage systemic oppression to harm an individual. Yet, we know little about its relative prevalence in subgroups of the LGBTQ community. This study developed and evaluated a measure of IA, and explored its prevalence in a sample of 734 sexual minority adults. The sample included women (53.1%), men (27.4%), and transgender or gender nonconforming “TGNC” (19.3%) participants. The majority of participants identified as queer or pansexual (38.7%), then gay (23.6%), lesbian (22.8%), and bisexual (13.6%). Participants completed an online survey that included measures of IA and physical, sexual, and psychological abuse. The IA items formed a unidimensional factor structure with strong internal consistency and construct validity. Nearly one fifth of the sample (16.8%) experienced past year IA and 40.1% reported adult IA. Women experienced greater exposure to IA in adulthood than men, and TGNC participants reported higher rates of IA in adulthood and in the last year compared to their cisgender counterparts. The odds of queer or bisexual participants reporting IA in adulthood were almost three times higher than gay participants, and two times higher than lesbian participants. Findings have implications for advancing assessment of partner abuse in the LGBTQ community, LGBTQ-competent clinical care, and training of practitioners. (Edited publisher abstract)
Perceptions and experiences of intrusive behavior and stalking: comparing LGBTIQ and heterosexual groups
- Authors:
- SHERIDAN Lorraine P., SCOTT Adrian J., CAMPBELL Amy
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34(7), 2019, pp.1388-1409.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The present research employed a mixed-methods approach and quasi-experimental design to examine perceptions and experiences of intrusive behaviour (comprising 47 individual intrusive activities) within individuals identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, or queer (LGBTIQ) with a matched (in terms of age, sex, and income) sample of individuals identifying as heterosexual (N = 214). Despite only minor differences between the LGBTIQ and heterosexual groups concerning perceptions of the acceptability of intrusive behaviour, the LGBTIQ group was more likely to report experiencing a range of individual intrusive activities and to report experiencing stalking victimization (self-reported rates of 35.5% vs. 15.0%). Participant sex and personal experience of being stalked were minimally associated with perceptions of the acceptability of intrusive behaviour. Sexual orientation significantly predicted whether a person had experienced stalking victimization, whereas participant sex did not. The qualitative analysis revealed that the two groups shared some experiences of intrusive behaviour, whereas others represented a unique subset of intrusions that related to sexual orientation. (Edited publisher abstract)
The disability bias: understanding the context of hate in comparison with other minority populations
- Authors:
- MACDONALD Stephen J., DONOVAN Catherine, CLAYTON John
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 32(4), 2017, pp.483-499.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
During recent years ‘disability hate crime’ has become a major political and criminal justice concern due to a number of high-profile murders in the United Kingdom. The aim of this article is to compare disability-motivated hate crimes with other hate crimes motivated by homophobic or racist bias. This study employs a quantitative methodology utilising data collected by the ARCH hate crime recording system over a 10-year period (2005–2015). The data findings illustrate a number of variations concerning incidents reported by disabled people regarding violence and threatening behaviour, when compared with incidents motivated by race/faith or homophobic bias. (Publisher abstract)
The relationship between childhood gender nonconformity and experiencing diverse types of homophobic violence
- Authors:
- D'HAESE Lies, DEWAELE Alexis, HOUTTE Mieke van
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 31(9), 2016, pp.1634-1660.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Experiences of homophobic violence seem to differ for various sexual-minority subgroups. Previous research has outlined that experiences differ for men and women, and for gender conforming and nonconforming lesbian, gay, and bisexual men and women (LGBs). In this article, these relationships are studied by making a distinction between four types of homophobic violence: verbal, physical, material, and sexual. In 2013, an online survey was designed to ask Flemish LGBs about their experiences of homophobic violence. The final sample consists of 1,402 Flemish sexual-minority individuals. The results show that gay and bisexual men experienced significantly more physical, material, and sexual violence during their lifetime than lesbian and bisexual women did. Moreover, LGBs who reported more childhood gender nonconformity also reported more homophobic violence, and this positive relationship is confirmed for the four forms of violence. For verbal and physical violence, however, the relationship between childhood gender nonconformity and violence varies according to the gender of the respondents. This relationship is much stronger for gay and bisexual men than for lesbian and bisexual women. (Publisher abstract)
Trauma-informed care and LGBTQ youth: considerations for advancing practice with youth with trauma experiences
- Authors:
- MCCORMICK Adam, SCHEYD Karey, TERRAZAS Samuel
- Journal article citation:
- Families in Society, 99(2), 2018, pp.160-169.
- Publisher:
- The Alliance for Children and Families
LGBTQ youth are disproportionately impacted by multiple forms of childhood trauma, including physical abuse, sexual abuse, dating violence, sexual assault, and peer violence. The emerging practices of trauma-informed care and trauma-specific interventions have made significant contributions to the manner in which systems respond to the needs of traumatized youth. However, these youth are largely excluded from many trauma-informed conversations. This article seeks to use the Concepts for Understanding Traumatic Stress Responses in Children and Families, developed by the National Child Traumatic Stress Network, to address the traumatic experiences and responses of LGBTQ youth. (Edited publisher abstract)
A longitudinal study of IPV victimization among sexual minority youth
- Authors:
- WHITTON Sarah W., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34(5), 2019, p.912–945.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Although intimate partner violence (IPV) is highly prevalent among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth, little is known regarding its developmental patterns, risk factors, or health-related consequences. We examined IPV victimization in an ethnically diverse community-based convenience sample of 248 LGBT youth (aged 16-20 at study outset) who provided six waves of data across a 5-year period. Results from multilevel models indicated high, stable rates of IPV victimization across this developmental period (ages 16-25 years) that differed between demographic groups. Overall, 45.2% of LGBT youth were physically abused and 16.9% were sexually victimized by a dating partner during the study. Odds of physical victimization were 76% higher for female than for male LGBT youth, 2.46 times higher for transgender than for cisgender youth, and 2 to 4 times higher for racial-ethnic minorities than for White youth. The prevalence of physical IPV declined with age for White youth but remained stable for racial-ethnic minorities. Odds of sexual victimization were 3.42 times higher for transgender than for cisgender youth, 75% higher for bisexual or questioning than for gay or lesbian youth, and increased more with age for male than female participants. Within-person analyses indicated that odds of physical IPV were higher at times when youth reported more sexual partners, more marijuana use, and lower social support; odds of sexual IPV were higher at times when youth reported more sexual partners and more LGBT-related victimization. In prospective analyses, sexual IPV predicted increased psychological distress; both IPV types marginally predicted increased marijuana use. (Edited publisher abstract)
Out in the open: the consequences of intimate partner violence for victims in same-sex and opposite-sex relationships
- Authors:
- GEHRING Krista S., VASKE Jamie C.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 23(9), 2017, pp.3669-3692.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health problem in the United States. While our understanding of this form of violence has grown substantially over the past several decades, the majority of research involving victims of IPV has focused almost exclusively on female heterosexual victims. Unfortunately, little attention has been paid to how this form of violence affects specific populations, such as gay and lesbian victims. It is possible that gay and lesbian victims may experience more maladaptive outcomes as a result of unique components of same-sex IPV, their sexual minority status in American society, and the lack of appropriate services tailored to victims of this violence. Using data from the second wave of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, this study contributes to the research on gay and lesbian victims of IPV by investigating same-sex and opposite-sex adolescent victims’ experiences with depression, alcohol-related problems, marijuana use, violent delinquency, and property delinquency. Results indicate that opposite-sex victims experienced more depressive symptoms, alcohol problems, and marijuana use than non-victims and engaged in higher levels of violent and property delinquency than non-victims. IPV within the context of same-sex relationships led to more depressive symptoms and greater involvement in violent delinquency, with the impact of IPV on violent delinquency being greater for victims of same-sex IPV compared with opposite-sex IPV. The implications of this study could inform interventions for victims of same-sex IPV and lead to more comprehensive services to address the needs of gay and lesbian victims of this violence. (Publisher abstract)
Hidden in the margins: a qualitative examination of what professionals in the domestic violence field know about transgender domestic violence
- Authors:
- TESCH Brian Peter, BEKERIAN Debra A.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 27(4), 2015, pp.391-411.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This qualitative study endeavoured to examine the views and experiences of individuals who work with, and those who consider issues related to, transgender domestic violence in an effort to determine what (if anything) is known about this construct. Using a phenomenological approach, ten interviews were conducted with individuals who professionally confront transgender intimate partner violence. Overall, the study found that many individuals from different disciplines were in agreement concerning the paucity of resources for this population, and future research would benefit from quantitative research to understand more about transgender domestic abuse. Furthermore, criminal justice organisations should take active steps within their own agencies to appropriately address this problem for transgender victims of abuse. Finally, all of the participants stated their beliefs that transgender domestic abuse is a very serious problem and believed that more research should be done to better understand it before it can be addressed. (Edited publisher abstract)
Law enforcement and criminal justice personnel interactions with transgender people in the United States: a literature review
- Author:
- STOTZER Rebecca L.
- Journal article citation:
- Aggression and Violent Behavior, 19(3), 2014, pp.263-277.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This literature review examines research exploring the interactions between transgender people and law enforcement and criminal justice (LECJ) personnel in the U.S. to better understand the experiences of transgender people who come into contact with the criminal justice system. A search of existing academic literature, public health reports, and advocacy group publications revealed 33 studies that contained information about transgender people's interactions with LECJ personnel. Results highlight how large percentages of transgender people experience arrest and incarceration, unjustified stops and arrest, disrespect and poor case handling, and abuse and violence from LECJ personnel while in their communities. Large percentages of transgender people in institutional settings also reported abuse committed by criminal justice personnel, including harassment, assault, and a lack of protection from other inmates. This review also highlights evidence of discriminatory and abusive treatment when transgender victims seek assistance from the legal system. Taken together, this study suggests a need for further work to de-stigmatize the legal and criminal justice systems. (Publisher abstract)