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The Good Thinking! course — developing a group-based treatment for people with learning disabilities who are at risk of offending
- Authors:
- GOODMAN Wendy, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Learning Disabilities and Offending Behaviour, 2(3), 2011, pp.114-121.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Offender treatment programmes are often inaccessible to those with learning disabilities, which may mean those convicted of offences may receive no offender treatment. This paper describes the development of the “Good Thinking!” course, a group-based offender treatment programme designed to help address this need. It aims to inform and encourage clinicians and commissioners working in this field to increase the availability of specialist community-based treatments for offenders who have learning disabilities. The course comprises 23 two-hour sessions run once a week in a community setting. Based on the premise that people who commit offences are often trying to meet ordinary life goals through anti-social means, it aims to help participants identify and understand their goals, develop the social skills necessary, and teaches a problem-solving strategy for more complex problems. A description of the course and a case study are provided. However, to date, insufficient data have been produced to enable a formal evaluation of the effectiveness of the course.
Redesigning and evaluating an adapted sex offender treatment programme for offenders with an intellectual disability in a secure setting: preliminary findings
- Authors:
- LARGE Julia, THOMAS Cathy
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Learning Disabilities and Offending Behaviour, 2(2), 2011, pp.72-83.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This study examined the needs of multiple stakeholders in an adapted sex offender treatment programme (ASOTP), and evaluated a pilot programme set up to respond to the identified needs. Stakeholders included purchasers of Partnerships in Care Learning Disability Services, referred clients, internal and external clinicians involved in their care and group facilitators. Data was gathered from questionnaires and semi-structured interviews in order to determine the key issues necessitating change. An ASOTP was designed and piloted to address highlighted needs, including time frames for the commencement and completion of treatment. Feedback was positive, with participants showing an increase in motivation, knowledge, and, unexpectedly, enhanced levels of risk disclosure. Facilitators reported increased satisfaction and decreased stress levels. The programme was tailored to respond to individual treatment needs within a group setting whilst ensuring programme integrity and effective risk management within a forensic learning disability service. Implications for future research in terms of improving treatment effectiveness are discussed.
Intellectual disability and sexual offending
- Authors:
- WILLIAMS Fiona, COCKERHAM Janet
- Journal article citation:
- Prison Service Journal, 178, July 2008, pp.56-61.
- Publisher:
- Her Majesty's Prison Service of England and Wales
This paper addresses issues that need to be understood when dealing with sex offenders with an intellectual disability and describes what is known about effective practice. A research based treatment approach for sexual offenders with intellectual disabilities in the Prison and Probation service - The Adapted Sex Offender Treatment Programme - is described. The Programme used multi-modal communication strategies, for example, symbols, gestures, visual stimulation and the written word. Facilitators were also encouraged to incorporate a range of interactive exercises: role plays, games, collage making into their delivery. Suggestions are also made for the future of the Programme.
Guidance for the treatment and management of COVID‐19 among people with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- ALEXANDER Regi, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 17(3), 2020, pp.256-269.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The current COVID‐19 pandemic is a pressing world crisis and people with intellectual disabilities (IDs) are vulnerable due to disparity in healthcare provision and physical and mental health multimorbidity. While most people will develop mild symptoms upon contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), some will develop serious complications. The aim of this study is to present guidelines for the care and treatment of people with IDs during the COVID‐19 pandemic for both community teams providing care to people with IDs and inpatient psychiatric settings. The guidelines cover specific issues associated with hospital passports, individual COVID‐19 care plans, the important role of families and carers, capacity to make decisions, issues associated with social distancing, ceiling of care/treatment escalation plans, mental health and challenging behavior, and caring for someone suspected of contracting or who has contracted SARS‐CoV‐2 within community or inpatient psychiatric settings. The authors have proposed that the included conditions recommended by Public Health England to categorize someone as high risk of severe illness due to COVID‐19 should also include mental health and challenging behavior. There are specific issues associated with providing care to people with IDs and appropriate action must be taken by care providers to ensure that disparity of healthcare is addressed during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The authors recognize that their guidance is focused upon healthcare delivery in England and invite others to augment their guidance for use in other jurisdictions. (Edited publisher abstract)
What can and cannot be learned from serious case reviews of the care and treatment of adults with learning disabilities in England? messages for social workers
- Authors:
- MANTHORPE Jill, MARTINEAU Stephen
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Social Work, 45(1), 2015, pp.331-348.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Serious Case Reviews (SCRs) for adults are commissioned to examine the ways in which local professionals and agencies worked together to safeguard a vulnerable adult or take place following harm or death of a vulnerable adult where there are concerns about agencies' actions or engagement. There is no national system in England for their collation or analysis. This paper presents the results of a study investigating SCRs for vulnerable adults where the person who was at risk of harm, harmed or died had a learning disability. Eighteen SCRs were identified and a further three where there are grounds for considering that the victim may have had such a disability. Three themes are presented: staff relationships; family and carers; and biography and chronology to draw out material relevant to social work policy and practice. At a time when the English government has announced plans for SCRs for adults to move to a statutory basis, this paper draws attention to their potential as learning materials, but also the risks of seeing them as presenting a full picture of practice. The case for local flexibility is argued. (Publisher abstract)
Cognitive-behavioural treatment for men with intellectual disabilities and sexually abusive behaviour: a pilot study
- Authors:
- MURPHY Glynis, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 51(11), November 2007, pp.902-912.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
A pilot study providing group cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for two groups of male sex offenders with ID in the south-east of England is described. Measures of change in sexual knowledge, victim empathy and cognitive distortions were collected, together with a log of further sexually abusive behaviour. Fifteen men were offered treatment but some dropped out and some declined to take part in the research. The results for the eight men who consented to the research and completed treatment showed significant positive changes in sexual knowledge and victim empathy (two men completed both groups, making 10 sets of data in all). Cognitive distortions showed significant change on only one of the two measures. Some men showed further sexually abusive behaviour either during or after the treatment group (all had been previously diagnosed as on the autistic spectrum). The authors call for a larger multi-site trial of treatment with a broad set of measures and the ability to analyse who benefits from such treatments and who does not.
Specialised treatment units for people with challenging behaviours
- Authors:
- NEWMAN Ian, EMERSON Eric
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Handicap, 19(3), 1991, pp.113-119.
- Publisher:
- British Institute of Mental Handicap
Reviews the literature on different models of care for people with learning disabilities and presents the results of a survey of treatment units in England and Wales giving statistics about residents and summarises advantages and disadvantages.
Treatment outcomes from forensic intellectual disability services: the perspectives of patients and their family/carers
- Authors:
- CHESTER Verity, GEACH Nicole, MORRISSEY Catrin
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 23(4), 2019, p.473–485.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
Introduction: Research investigating the treatment outcomes of forensic intellectual and developmental disability (FIDD) services has largely focused on the perspectives of clinicians and researchers. This study sought the perspectives of patients and family/carers on the outcomes important to them. Methods: Semi-structured consultation groups were conducted with patients in FIDD services (n = 21) and family carers (n = 6). Interview data were content analysed, and outcomes identified fell into three main domains (effectiveness, safety and patient experience). Results: The consultations identified outcome domains not considered in the published literature. Patients and carers also had differential perspectives on treatment outcomes commonly reported within literature. Illustrative quotes are used to evidence the domains. Discussion: This study is the first to investigate the outcomes of relevance to patients and their families. These views have been incorporated into an outcomes framework which will form the foundation of future prospective outcome studies. (Publisher abstract)
Case study illustrations of a psychological treatment pathway in a secure intellectual disability service
- Authors:
- HICKMAN Gareth, THRIFT Su, TAYLOR Chenelle
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour, 9(2), 2018, pp.102-114.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe in detail the treatment pathway utilised in a male medium and low secure intellectual disability (ID) service. Over the preceding five years, service users have followed the outlined treatment pathway. The current paper offers case study material to illustrate the care pathway. Design/methodology/approach: The treatment pathway is described and two case examples are provided, illustrating participation in the pathway. Evaluative data are provided on length of hospitalisation, direction of pathway at discharge and risk reduction as assessed by the HCR-20, SVR-20 and HONOS Secure measures. Findings: The case examples provided document the assessment and treatment of two male offenders with ID, outlining their treatment pathways, subsequent reductions in assessed risk and their successful community discharge. Originality/value: A comprehensive treatment pathway is outlined together with the theoretical rationale, with illustrative case examples. (Edited publisher abstract)
CFT & people with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- HARDIMAN Mark, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 12(1), 2018, pp.44-56.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to assess the effects of compassion-focussed therapy (CFT) on anxiety in a small sample of adults with intellectual disability. Design/methodology/approach: A mixed-methods design was employed. Participants (n=3) completed questionnaire measures of anxiety and self-compassion on three occasions: pre-intervention, post-intervention and, at three months follow-up. Post-intervention, they also took part in recorded interviews that were analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. Findings were then synthesised to develop a comprehensive understanding of their overall experience. Findings: Final data synthesis revealed five themes: participant anxiety decreased (reliable for all participants); the faulty self; improved positive compassionate attitudes; increased sense of common humanity; and mindful distraction techniques. Research limitations/implications: This research paper offers in-depth analysis of three participants’ experiences rather than reporting in less detail about a larger number of participants. The self-compassion scale required considerable support and reasonable adaptation to be used with these clients. Originality/value: Only two other studies have explored the use of CFT with people with intellectual disabilities. (Publisher abstract)