Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 63
The dream school: mind‐changing perspectives of people with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- NIETO Cristina, MORINA Anabel
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 32(6), 2019, pp.1549-1557.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study analyses the characteristics that define an ideal school, from the perspective of people with intellectual disabilities. The researchers carried out an inclusive research qualitative study with 36 Spanish adults with intellectual disabilities. Information from individual interviews about educational inclusion was summarized on to notecards, allowing participants to place messages into categories on a poster board. Identified themes included facilities and resources; values and rules; intimidation; what students learn; how students learn best; exams; teachers; and classmates. Results highlight the importance of inclusive values and the need for a curriculum that meets the needs of all students. (Edited publisher abstract)
Tracking post-school destinations of young people with mild intellectual disabilities: the problem of attrition
- Authors:
- CATON Sue, KAGAN Carolyn
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 19(2), June 2006, pp.143-152.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This research was carried out as an assessment of the transition towards adult life for school leavers with mild intellectual disabilities. Ninety young people who were enrolled at three schools for people with mild intellectual disabilities were followed up for the first 12–18 months after they left school to assess how they experienced this transition. Young people were interviewed using semi-structured interviews before they left school regarding their aspirations for school leaving. They were then followed up and those who were traced were interviewed a second time regarding how they had experienced the previous year. There were a number of difficulties encountered in following up the school leavers. Most importantly, there were a high number of participants who were unable to be traced for the study, by the schools, the careers office, or other service providers. The attrition started early in the transition process and was largely overlooked by the schools and careers service, presenting a challenge for successful transition experiences. The implications of the high level of attrition are discussed. In addition, the impact of a number of new initiatives are discussed.
Raising attainment for pupils with special educational needs
- Author:
- SCOTLAND. Scottish Executive. Education Department
- Publisher:
- Scotland. Scottish Executive Education Department
- Publication year:
- 2001
- Pagination:
- 18p.
- Place of publication:
- Edinburgh
Decommissioning normal: COVID-19 as a disruptor of school norms for young people with learning disabilities
- Authors:
- BEATON Mhairi C., CODINA Geraldene N., WHARTON Julie C.
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 49(4), 2021, pp.393-402.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: To slow the spread of COVID-19, on 20 March 2020, nurseries, schools and colleges across England were closed to all learners, apart from those who were children of key workers or were considered “vulnerable.” As young people with learning disabilities, families, professionals and schools become acquainted with the Erfahrung of the new horizon brought about by COVID-19, the negativity of altered social inclusion is becoming the “new normal.” Capturing this transitory moment in time, this paper reflexively analyses the curiously productive variables of altered ecological pathways to social inclusion for people with learning disabilities. Methods: Taking a hermeneutic stance, this paper draws on Gadamer's construction of the nature of new experiences. Focussed on the experience of social inclusion during the COVID-19 pandemic, semi-structured interviews were conducted with six key stakeholders. As the phenomenon in question was new, an inductive approach to thematic analysis was applied. Findings: The critical tenet of this paper is that the Erfahrung of COVID-19 has created the conditions for a “new normal” which have afforded children with learning disabilities altered opportunities for social inclusion, whether that be through increased power/agency for them and their families and/or new modes of connectedness leading to enhanced relationships. Conclusion: Whilst the impact of COVID-19 has been a negative one for many aspects of society, application of Simplican and Gadamer's theories on social inclusion and the nature of new experiences has permitted the surfacing of new possibilities for the social inclusion of children with learning disabilities. (Edited publisher abstract)
The impact of an in-class sensory activity schedule on task performance of children with autism and intellectual disability: a pilot study
- Authors:
- MILLS Caroline, CHAPPARO Christine, HINITT Joanne
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 79(9), 2016, p.530–539.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Introduction: There is limited evidence to support use of sensory interventions by teachers in the classroom. The purpose of this pilot study is to determine the effectiveness of sensory activity schedule intervention in supporting participation and increasing classroom task performance in students with autism. Method: A non-concurrent, AB single system research design across multiple baselines was used with four students with autism who attended an autism-specific school. Students demonstrated atypical sensory processing, which negatively affected their school performance. Repeated baseline and intervention data were collected by school staff using video recording during classroom tasks. Tasks performed were designated by the child’s teacher. Stage one of the Perceive, Recall, Plan, Perform System of Task Analysis was used as a repeated measure of student performance. Ratings were carried out by independent raters who were blinded to the condition of performance. Results: Results revealed three out of four students achieved significant improvements in classroom task performance following the use of sensory activity schedule intervention developed in consultation with an occupational therapist as measured by the task analysis. Conclusion: This study provides emerging evidence for the use of sensory activity schedule intervention in the classroom for students with autism. (Publisher abstract)
Trends in the identification of children with learning disabilities within state schools in England
- Authors:
- HATTON Chris, EMERSON Eric
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 21(2), 2016, pp.108-112.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present data drawn from the Department for Education (DfE)concerning trends in the number of children identified as having a learning disability within state schools in England. Design/methodology/approach: Data based on the school census conducted by the DfE was examined annually for 2009/2010 to 2014/2015, to determine the number of children identified as having moderate learning difficulty (MLD), severe learning difficulty (SLD) or profound multiple learning difficulty (PMLD) within state schools in England, at two levels: having a Statement of Educational Needs/Education Health Care Plan, or at School Action Plus. Findings: The number of children identified as MLD reduced substantially over time, for both statemented children and children identified at the School Action Plus level. In contrast, the smaller number of statemented children with SLD or PMLD increased over time, in line with increasing school rolls and epidemiological trends. Research limitations/implications: Further work is needed to understand the sharp reduction in the number of children being identified as having MLD within schools, and the educational support being offered to this group of children. Better information is also needed on children with learning disabilities not being educated in the state school sector. Originality/value: This paper highlights important trends in the identification of children with learning disabilities in state schools in England, with consequences for how large groups of children are being supported.
Special educational needs and their links to poverty
- Authors:
- SHAW Bart, et al
- Publisher:
- Joseph Rowntree Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2016
- Pagination:
- 46
- Place of publication:
- York
This report explores the links between special educational needs and disability (SEND) and poverty, showing that poverty is both a cause and an effect of SEND. The report gives some background on SEND and reviews the evidence relating to the causal links between SEND and poverty; provides an overview of policy and legislation relating to children with SEND in different parts of the UK; and examines the key issues impacting on children with SEND from low-income families and suggests ways in which the SEND system might be improved to better meet their needs and those of their parents. The report concludes with a series of recommendations, including: policy-makers and school and early years leaders should prioritise SEND; staff in schools and early years settings should be trained to identify needs so that they can be spotted early and over-identification and under-identification are reduced; and targeted funding for pupils with SEND who are at risk of exclusion should be provided so that schools can support them before they are excluded. (Edited publisher abstract)
Leisure activities during school break among children with learning disabilities: preference vs. performance
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 34(1), March 2006, pp.42-48.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Participation in leisure activities may contribute to the development of social, motor, and language skills, and is therefore especially important for children with learning disabilities. The purpose of the study was to examine break activities of children with learning disabilities, through exploration of the correlation between their preferences for break activities and the activities in which they actually engaged. The study found no such correlation. It is therefore suggested that leisure education should provide students with the skills they need in order to choose leisure activities and evaluate the efficacy of the choice they had made.
Releasing educational potential through movement: a summary of individual studies carried out using the INPP test battery and developmental exercise programme for use in schools with children with special needs
- Author:
- BLYTHE Sally Goddard
- Journal article citation:
- Child Care in Practice, 11(4), October 2005, pp.415-432.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This article provides a summary of findings from a series of independent studies that have been undertaken separately. The studies used a specific developmental test batter - the Institute for Neuro-Physiological Psychology (INPP) Developmental Test Battery for use in schools with children with special educational needs - with a total of 810 children, to assess whether neurological dysfunction was a significant factor for underlying academic achievement. The results showed that the children who participated in the daily INPP exercises made significantly greater improvement on measures for neurological dysfunction, balance and coordination. Children who had scores of more than 25% on tests for neurological dysfunction and whose reading age was less than their chronological age at the outset also showed small but significantly greater progress in reading that children who did not take part in the programme.
Commentary on: “Ordinary lives” means ordinary schools: towards a unitary 0-99 years policy for adults and children with learning disabilities
- Author:
- HARDIMAN Becky
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 25(1), 2020, pp.47-52.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to reflect on some of the challenges faced by caregivers when making decisions relating to school placements for their child with a learning disability. Design/methodology/approach: Quotes from parents and caregivers, contacted via a national syndrome support charity, are shared, along with broader perspectives gained through the charity’s helpline service. Findings: A number of themes are discussed, including friendships and role models; expectations and educational targets; training, speciality and capacity of staff and managing a widening gap. Originality/value: When considering the future of education provision, it is important to consider some of the tensions between an ideology of inclusion and the current realities of service provision. To create effective solutions to achieving more effective inclusion, the concerns and experiences of families, as well as children, must be considered. (Edited publisher abstract)