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Participation in daily life for adults with profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities: how high do they climb on Shier’s ladder of participation?
- Authors:
- TALMAN Lena, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 25(1), 2021, pp.98-113.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
Participation is the goal of Swedish disability policy, but it is difficult to achieve for adults with profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities (PI(M)D). Since these adults are dependent on others in every aspect of their lives, others control their ability to participate in everyday life decisions. This study used observations, analyzed with Shier’s ladder of participation, to elucidate and describe participation in daily life for adults with PI(M)D living in a group home. The results showed that the adults often reached the first three levels of Shier’s ladder, one adult reached the fourth level once, and no one reached the fifth level. Participation on a higher level, therefore, seems hard to reach for adults. Staff members’ attitudes toward the adults’ capability can also be a barrier to participation. Applying Shier’s ladder of participation can provide valuable information that might lead to increased participation in daily life for adults with PI(M)D. (Edited publisher abstract)
As if living like others: an idealisation of life in group homes for people with intellectual disability
- Author:
- BJORNE Petra
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 45(4), 2020, pp.337-343.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Background: People with Intellectual Disability (ID) in Sweden should be enabled to live like others. This life like others is realised in group homes that have little in common with the typical home. Method: A reading of Appiah’s As if is used to discuss how people with ID are supported in Sweden. Current national data are presented within the framework of idealisation, the use of (useful) untruths to navigate a complex context. Results: Small group homes should allow people with ID to communicate their preferences and exert real influence over how support is provided. Instead, times of budget austerity require the efficient use of resources in ever larger settings, where normalisation of deviance is prevalent. Conclusions: Although the stated aim is that people with ID live like others, the idealisation is rather that they live as if they live like others. This is generally not discussed, possibly due to de-differentiation. (Edited publisher abstract)
A critical comparison of welfare states and their relevance to people with an intellectual disability
- Authors:
- de CHENU Linda, DAEHLEN Dag, TAH Jude
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 20(4), 2016, pp.397-415.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
This article compares the welfare services for adults with an intellectual disability in three European countries: England, Norway and Sweden. The purpose of the comparison is to develop an understanding of the welfare state and institutional contexts of the country-specific policies and to develop a critical analysis through a comparative method based on selected secondary literature. Typological frameworks of European welfare states are applied as analytic frameworks to enable comparison between the countries. It is argued that there are international policy developments but these are shaped at a national level by different types of welfare states and histories. Through a comparison of similarities and differences, the article suggests that international policy ideas that impact on the lives of people with intellectual disabilities are mediated by different types of welfare states and institutions.
Women and men with intellectual disabilities who sell or trade sex: voices from the professionals
- Authors:
- KUOSMANEN Jari, STARKE Mikaela
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Work in Disability and Rehabilitation, 10(3), July 2011, pp.129-149.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
In this study undertaken in Sweden, the authors explored the knowledge and perceptions of professionals working in the field about people with intellectual disabilities who sell or exchange sexual services. The article introduces the study and includes a brief overview of the background to disability and prostitution in Swedish legislation. 19 professionals from various types of agencies and specialisations (including social workers, psychologists, special education teachers, support volunteers, and care workers) were recruited to participate in 6 focus groups. The discussions were transcribed and analysed, and the article presents and discusses the results, with examples from the focus groups. Different motives and contributing factors were identified for the behaviour, and 2 distinct discourses emerged: people with intellectual disabilities who traded sexual favours were presented as either conscious and autonomous agents or unaware and exploited victims.
Patterns of time processing ability in children with and without developmental disabilities
- Authors:
- JANESLATT Gunnel, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 23(3), May 2010, pp.250-262.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Children with developmental disabilities, such as intellectual disability or autism, are often reported to have problems in understanding and managing time. The aim of this study was to investigate if there are different patterns in time processing ability in children with disabilities and typically developing children. It also investigated whether the problems described are diagnosis specific or reflect differences in age. The 3 subcategories of time processing ability, time perception, time orientation, and time management, were all investigated. Using a cross-sectional design, this study investigated if there were different patterns of time processing ability in 5- to 10-year-old children, 77 of which had disabilities and 89 of which did not. Altogether, 5 different clusters of levels of time processing ability were identified. The results indicated that the patterns of time processing ability mainly follow the chronological age of children without disabilities. Daily time management (as estimated by the parents) and children's self-rated autonomy differed between clusters and was related to time processing ability. The article concludes that the level of time processing ability seems to be a more valid overall base than the type of diagnosis for the planning of interventions in daily time management.
Public special services provided to people with intellectual disabilities in Sweden: a life-span perspective
- Author:
- UMB-CARLSSON Oie
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 5(4), December 2008, pp.237-244.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study describes public special services, support, and health care provided to an administratively defined county sample of people with intellectual disabilities from early childhood to adult age. Comparisons were made on the variables year of birth, sex, and assessed level of intellectual disabilities in 1974. Information was obtained from case files and included the period from year of birth of the participants (between 1959 and 1974) to 2005. All participants were provided public special services, support, and health care either periodically or throughout the study period. Changes in legislation were reflected in the type of services, support, and health care provided to the target group. Type and amount of special services and support were related to year of birth. Only a few differences were related to sex and level of intellectual disabilities. These results indicate that public special services, support, and health care provided to people with intellectual disabilities reflect disability policy, legislation, and professional attitudes over different periods. It is suggested that measures were tailored to meet general needs considered to be shared by all people with intellectual disabilities rather than individual choices and wishes. The interaction among professionals emerged only to a limited extent. However, deficient information in the case files does not imply absence of contact between professional groups, but, if continuity in services, support, and health care is to be attained, significant improvement in documentation is required.
Place in Europe
- Author:
- HOPKINS Graham
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 27.01.05, 2005, pp.46-47.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Phil Madden, Director of service development at the Home Farm Trust, describes the organisations involvement in a one year project 'Families In' funded by the European Commission. The project involved partners from Sweden, Finland, Spain, Belgium and Hungary. He describes the challenges and rewards of the project.
New voices: self-advocacy by people with disabilities
- Editors:
- DYBWAD Gunnar, BERSANI Hank Jr.
- Publisher:
- Brookline Books
- Publication year:
- 1996
- Pagination:
- 286p.
- Place of publication:
- Cambridge, MA
Collection of papers on self advocacy by people with developmental disabilities, many by self advocates themselves. Provides an historical background to the development of the self advocacy movement in the Western world. Examines the current state of self advocacy activities, and concludes by projecting the movement's future course as it continues to be accelerate worldwide amongst people with learning difficulties.
The beliefs, values and principles of self-advocacy
- Author:
- INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE OF SOCIETIES FOR PERSONS WITH MENTAL HANDICAP
- Publisher:
- Brookline Books
- Publication year:
- 1996
- Pagination:
- 48p.
- Place of publication:
- Cambridge, MA
Booklet setting out values and principles for self-advocacy. Also contains sections on: support and the role of a support person; empowerment; institutions; and stories of good practice from around the world.
The Swedish experience
- Author:
- MADDEN P.
- Journal article citation:
- Health Service Journal, 30.6.88, 1988, pp.736-737.
- Publisher:
- Emap Healthcare
Focuses on the role of the state, and general trends such as decentralisation and deinstitutionalisation in Sweden.