Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Changes in attributions as a consequence of training for challenging and complex behaviour for carers of people with learning disabilities: a systematic review
- Authors:
- WILLIAMS Sophie, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 25(3), May 2012, pp.203-216.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The overall aim of this paper was to critically review studies of staff training in challenging behaviour, which included the measurement of staff beliefs about challenging behaviour. It had three specific objectives: to review the main constructs and measures that were used to identify the theoretical assumptions that underpinned them; to discover whether carers’ beliefs were changed as a result of training; and to make suggestions on further work focusing on staff cognitive change in challenging behaviour training. Papers were included if they reported outcomes for carer training on the behaviour of people with intellectual disabilities and used a measure of carer attribution of the behaviour of people with intellectual disabilities. Eleven papers were reviewed, most studies using behavioural curricula for their training, and none explicitly set out to change attributions. Eight of the 11 papers reviewed reported changes in attribution although core characteristics of training did not distinguish those papers that reported such changes and those that did not. The authors conclude that changes in beliefs and attributions occur even though these are not identified as a focus within the training provided. They suggest that the formulation processes involved in behavioural training may play a key part in changing attributions as a consequence of this training.
Ageing carers and intellectual disability: a scoping review
- Authors:
- MAHON Aoife, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Quality in Ageing and Older Adults, 20(4), 2019, pp.162-178.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Individuals with intellectual disability(ies) are living longer contributing to an overall increase in the average age of caregivers. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on the physical, social and psychological needs of ageing carers of individuals with intellectual disability(ies) in the UK. Design/methodology/approach: A scoping review framework was used to identify literature from eleven databases, the grey literature and the references lists of relevant studies. Only primary research studies that discussed the needs of non-professional carers, aged 65+ years old, of individuals with intellectual disability(ies) in the UK were included. No date restrictions were applied. Thematic analysis was used to narratively synthesise findings. Findings: Six studies were included. Five key themes were identified: Living with fear, lack of information, rebuilding trust, proactive professional involvement and being ignored. Housing and support information is not communicated well to carers. Professionals require more training on carer needs and trust must be rebuilt between carers and professionals. Proactive approaches would help identify carer needs, reduce marginalisation, help carers feel heard and reduce the risk of care crisis. Greater recognition of mutual caring relationships is needed. Originality/value: This review highlighted the needs of older caregivers for individuals with intellectual disability(ies) as well as the need for more high-quality research in this field. The information presented in this review may be considered by primary care providers and funding bodies when planning future support for this growing population of carers. (Edited publisher abstract)
Factors affecting the health of caregivers of children who have an intellectual/developmental disability
- Authors:
- MARQUIS Sandra, HAYES Michael V., McGRAIL Kimberlyn
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 16(3), 2019, pp.201-216.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
There are a growing number of children with an ID/developmental disability. As well, there is evidence of poor health in the caregivers of these children. This article describes a narrative review of the literature regarding the mental and physical health of caregivers of children with ID/developmental disability. The review examined 162 papers. Twenty‐three different factors were identified that may have an effect on the health of these caregivers. Social determinants, individual caregiver variables, characteristics of the child with the disability, family characteristics, and support factors can all affect caregiver health. These variables are inter‐related and illustrate the need to account for complexity when studying the health of caregivers of children with ID/developmental disability. (Publisher abstract)
The family caregiving context among adults with disabilities: a review of the research on developmental disabilities, serious mental illness, and traumatic brain injury
- Authors:
- BARRIO Concepcion, HERNANDEZ Mercedes, GAONA Lizeth
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Family Social Work, 19(4), 2016, pp.328-347.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
A majority of adults with serious disabilities are cared for in the home by family members. Guided by an ecological framework, this article presents the findings of a literature review of research on family caregiving and family support for adults with disabilities. This review included 33 research studies published between 2000 and 2015 focused on three disabilities: developmental disabilities, serious mental illnesses, and traumatic brain injury. A synthesis of the findings underscores the critical role that family caregivers occupy in addressing the needs of their loved one with a disability; however, the needs of the caregiver are insufficiently met by existing service approaches. A better understanding of the unique needs and strengths of the family support context of caregivers and care recipients is needed, giving greater attention to ethnic, racial, and cultural considerations in future research. (Publisher abstract)
Ageing and people with learning disabilities: in search of evidence
- Author:
- WALKER Carol
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 43(4), 2015, pp.246-253.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Growing numbers of people with learning disabilities are now living into older age. This study aims to examine the state of knowledge about their lives and the challenges that ageing has for both family carers and policymakers and practitioners. Materials and Methods: The article synthesises existing research in the fields of learning disability, ageing and family and social care with a view to learning lessons from these separate fields, identifying possibilities for collaboration and identifying gaps in knowledge. Results: The article concludes that existing research in the fields of ageing and family and social care can add significantly to an understanding of the impact of ageing on people with learning disabilities and their carers but, to date, there has been little collaboration or sharing of knowledge between the three areas. Conclusion: The article concludes that further research is required to fully understand the impact of ageing on the quality of life of people with learning disabilities and their family carers and to inform the design and delivery of services. A useful and productive way forward would be learn from and to work with researchers in cogniscent fields, notably, but not only, in the fields of social gerontology and family and social care. (Publisher abstract)
‘He's hard work, but he's worth it’. The experience of caregivers of individuals with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour: a meta-synthesis of qualitative research
- Authors:
- GRIFFITH G.M., HASTINGS R.P.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 27(5), 2014, pp.401-419.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: This review synthesises the qualitative literature on the perspectives of those caring for a family member with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour, with a focus on their experiences of support services. Materials and Methods: A thorough literature search resulted in 17 studies being selected for inclusion in the meta-synthesis. Results: Five primary themes were identified: (i) love, (ii) altered identity, (iii) crisis management, (iv) support is not just ‘challenging behaviour’ services, and (v) the future: low expectations, high hopes. Conclusions: Carers spoke of the deep love for their family member and of the chronic strain the demands of caregiving placed upon them. Support services often caused additional problems and high levels of stress for caregivers, although there were also reports of good practice. The findings may inform clinicians and service providers about how best to support families of individuals with challenging behaviour. (Edited publisher abstract)
System-wide information about family carers of adults with intellectual/developmental disabilities: scoping review of the literature
- Authors:
- LUNSKY Yona, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 11(1), 2014, pp.8-18.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Family carers play an important role supporting individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) into adulthood. Funders of services often desire this ongoing involvement by family members yet they rarely collect data about family carers. As policy makers and planners are increasingly recognising the need for information related to indicators of system performance, a scoping review was conducted to identify system-wide information needed about family carers of adults with I/DD that would help improve the quality of service provided. A final review of 87 research articles was organised in terms of service use, service need, and permanency planning by family carers of adults with I/DD. Service use and need were associated with the presence of challenging behaviours among individuals with I/DD as well as carer demographics and health status. In addition, carers' subjective view of how well they think they can provide for their child in the future was an important determining factor of service need. Permanency planning was associated with child level of functioning as well as parent income, social support, and compound caregiving demands. Studies highlighted the importance of measuring family carers' mental and physical health and their perceptions of the adequacy of services received. Considered also were methodological limitations, highlighting considerations for future system monitoring. Methodological limitations of studies reviewed include reliance on cross-sectional data, samples consisting of families already receiving at least some services, and little information about the process of seeking and obtaining services. Areas to target in future system monitoring include information on who needs services, what services are needed, families' perceptions of the caregiving experience and families' experiences waiting for services over time. Understanding the experiences of family carers as seekers of formal services can help inform policy and practice. (Publisher abstract)
The formal support experiences of family carers of people with an intellectual disability who also display challenging behaviour and/or mental health issues: what do carers say?
- Author:
- JAMES Neil
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 17(1), 2013, pp.6-23.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
Legislation, policy and strategies encourage services and professionals to work with carers in ways that complement and enhance their roles in order to maximize their capacity to care for their relative. Family carers therefore are recognized as a valuable resource. This article reports the findings of a review of research that explored the support experiences of family carers of a person with an intellectual disability who displays challenging behaviour and/or has a mental health problem. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the reported experiences of family carers from recent research studies, about their own support. Carers commonly reported that the support they want from services and professionals is the provision of clear, understandable information about their relative’s condition and treatment. Also, they want help to develop skills that enable them to manage in difficult situations, the provision of psychological support for themselves and a break from their caring role. They desire well-coordinated services as well as skilled and knowledgeable professionals. Recommendations made for the development of future research and practice.
The internet as social support for older carers of adults with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- PERKINS Elizabeth A., LAMARTIN Kimberly M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 9(1), March 2012, pp.53-62.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Social support is a potentially powerful mediator of well-being for family carers. The internet can broaden the opportunities for ageing carers of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) to provide support to one another. This review examined what constitutes social support, its importance to older adults, and more specifically carers of those with ID. This review revealed a relative paucity of information regarding support on the internet for ageing carers, particularly for ageing carers for people with ID. It also found the utility of the internet to be utilised as a medium for social support groups. The authors noted that ageing adults can acquire new technological abilities and cognitive benefits when learning new skills. Both older adults and individuals with ID benefit when web sites are attentive to layout and usability. The authors concluded that Internet-based ageing carer support groups that also incorporate educational content should be developed in future.
Access to secondary healthcare for people with intellectual disabilities: a review of the literature
- Authors:
- BACKER Clare, CHAPMAN Melanie, MITCHELL Duncan
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 22(6), November 2009, pp.514-525.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
There is growing evidence that people with intellectual disabilities have greater healthcare needs than the general population and that these needs are often unmet. Recently, increasing attention has been drawn to poor care received by people with intellectual disabilities when admitted to hospital. A literature search was conducted to identify studies on experiences of secondary healthcare for people with intellectual disabilities. Studies were published between January 1990 and March 2008. Thirteen studies were identified. Important influences on the experience of hospital care were: individual factors; the carer's role; the attitudes, knowledge and communicative style of health staff; and the physical environment. A range of recommendations and initiatives have been developed to improve hospital care. It is concluded that more research is needed, given that so few studies are published in this area. Initiatives to improve access to secondary healthcare need to be evaluated to inform the development of services.