Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Third‐wave therapies and adults with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review
- Authors:
- PATTERSON Christopher Wynne, WILLIAMS Jonathan, JONES Robert
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 32(6), 2019, pp.1295-1309.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Third‐wave therapies appear to produce positive outcomes for people without intellectual disabilities. This systematic review aimed to establish which third‐wave therapies have been adapted for adults with intellectual disabilities and whether they produced positive outcomes. Method: Four databases were searched systematically (PsycINFO, Web of Science, MEDLINE and PubMed), yielding 1,395 results. Twenty studies (N = 109) met the present review's inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results: Included studies used mindfulness‐based approaches, dialectical behaviour therapy, compassion focused therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy. Due to considerable heterogeneity in the designs and outcome measures used, a meta‐analysis was not possible. Conclusions: Evidence indicated that third‐wave therapies improved mental health symptoms for some and improved challenging/offending behaviour, smoking and mindfulness/acceptance skills for most. These findings must be interpreted with caution due to the low methodological quality of included studies. Future research should build on the current evidence base, using scientifically rigorous designs and standardized measures. (Publisher abstract)
Psychological interventions for anger and aggression in people with intellectual disabilities in forensic services
- Author:
- BROWNE Claire
- Journal article citation:
- Aggression and Violent Behavior, 39, 2018, pp.1-14.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This systemic review investigates the current evidence for the effectiveness of anger and/or aggression interventions for people with intellectual disabilities (ID) in receipt of forensic mental health services. Due to the prevalence within this population of difficulties with anger and aggression, and the associated substantial individual and societal consequences, the provision of psychological interventions has become increasingly common. However, no critical synthesis of the empirical evidence relating to their effectiveness has previously been conducted. Sixteen peer-reviewed controlled trials or case series designs published between 2001 and 2016 met the inclusion criteria. The results highlight an emerging evidence base for the use of CBT in improving anger regulation, and for a range of psychological therapies in reducing aggressive behaviour. However, consistent methodological shortcomings limit the generalisability of findings and currently preclude firm conclusions on effectiveness. Recommendations are made for future research to address these shortcomings, including clearly-defined adaptations, adequately powered sample sizes, carefully designed baselines and follow-up periods. Despite the current status of evidence, the review provides an accessible and objective foundation to inform decision-making by service commissioners and clinicians providing anger and aggression interventions to people with ID. (Publisher abstract)
A systematic review of behavioral health interventions for sex offenders with intellectual disabilities
- Author:
- MAROTTA Phillip L.
- Journal article citation:
- Sexual Abuse a Journal of Research and Treatment, 29(2), 2017, pp.148-185.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This article reviews evaluation studies of programs designed to treat sex offenders with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) published in peer-reviewed journals between 1994 and 2014. Eighteen treatment evaluation studies were identified from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand. Cognitive-behavioural treatments were the most commonly delivered treatment modality to sex offenders with IDD. Other less common treatments were dialectical behavioural therapy, problem solving therapy, mindfulness, and relapse prevention. No randomised controlled trials were identified. The most common designs were multiple case studies and pre- and post-treatment assessments with no control and repeated measures follow-up. Small sample sizes, no control groups, and wide variation in treatment length and follow-up time complicate the qualitative synthesis of study findings. Short follow-up times introduce the potential for bias in conclusions surrounding treatment efficacy for many of the studies reviewed in this analysis. The review concludes that overall quality of studies examining treatments for sex offenders with IDD is poor and requires further development before rendering firm conclusions about the effectiveness of interventions for this population. (Edited publisher abstract)
The effectiveness of psychodynamic interventions for people with learning disabilities: a systematic review
- Authors:
- JAMES Chris W., STACEY James M.
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 19(1), 2014, pp.17-24.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Recent governmental policy has emphasised the need for greater choice and inclusion for people with learning disabilities. Accordingly, learning disabilities services are increasingly offering a greater choice of psychological interventions to people with learning disabilities. A growing body of research has examined the use of psychodynamic interventions for people with learning disabilities. The purpose of the this paper is to identify, outline, and evaluate research on the efficacy of psychodynamic approaches with people with learning disabilities and to consider the implications for clinical practice. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic search identified 13 relevant studies. A qualitative review of these studies was carried out. Findings: Overall, the reviewed studies offer some preliminary support for the use of psychodynamic approaches with people with learning disabilities. Research limitations/implications – A number of methodological issues are identified (particularly concerning the influence of extraneous variables and the generalisability of findings) and further, larger scale and more robust, research is required. Practical implications: Learning disabilities services should consider providing psychodynamic psychotherapy for people with a mild learning disability experiencing mental health, behavioural, and/or offending problems. Originality/value: This paper provides an up-to-date, comprehensive review of the literature on the efficacy of psychodynamic psychotherapy for people with a learning disability that will be of use to services providing therapeutic support to people with a learning disability and to people commissioning those services. (Publisher abstract)
Commentary on “The effectiveness of psychodynamic interventions for people with learning disabilities: a systematic review”
- Author:
- BROWN Hilary
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 19(1), 2014, pp.25-28.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: This paper is a commentary on “The effectiveness of psychodynamic interventions for people with learning disabilities: a systematic review” by Chris James and James Stacey. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the thesis that standardised ways of evaluating health care interventions may have the inadvertent effect of undermining the case that people with intellectual disabilities should be offered the same opportunities to address their emotional and mental health difficulties as other citizens. Design/methodology/approach: The commentary argues that while the evidence base focuses on the outcomes of orthodox one-to-one interventions, sometimes broader “contextual reformulation” and systemic interventions are called for. However, family- or service-based interventions tend not to feature in studies. Findings: The commentary illustrates these issues by discussing two case studies, which demonstrate how relational issues tend to be unhelpfully focused on the person with intellectual disabilities to the detriment of family members or direct care staff, who may be struggling to make sense of the person's behaviour or distress. Originality/value: The commentary supports the argument put forward in the longer paper and also argues for mental health services to be offered on a non-discriminatory basis to people with intellectual disabilities and to their family members. But it also suggests that one of the additional impacts of service level psychotherapeutic interventions is to re-establish respect for the work of direct care staff whose work is often presented as if it is little more than domestic drudgery when in fact it involves negotiating and responding to people and their issues with great sensitivity and balance. (Publisher abstract)