Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Is EMDR an effective treatment for people diagnosed with both intellectual disability and post-traumatic stress disorder?
- Author:
- GILDERTHORP Rosanna C.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 19(1), 2015, pp.58-68.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
This study aimed to critically review all studies that have set out to evaluate the use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) for people diagnosed with both intellectual disability (ID) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Searches of the online databases Psych Info, The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, The Cochrane Database of Randomized Control Trials, CINAHL, ASSIA and Medline were conducted. Five studies are described and evaluated. Key positive points include the high clinical salience of the studies and their high external validity. Several common methodological criticisms are highlighted, however, including difficulty in the definition of the terms ID and PTSD, lack of control in design and a lack of consideration of ethical implications. Overall, the articles reviewed indicate cause for cautious optimism about the utility of EMDR with this population. The clinical and research implications of this review are discussed. (Publisher abstract)
A review of the pharmacological management of sexually offending behaviour in learning disabled offenders
- Authors:
- SLOAN Stephanie, BREWSTER Eleanor
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour, 8(4), 2017, pp.166-175.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The management of sexual offending is a major challenge, particularly in men who have an intellectual disability. Psychological therapies have been shown beneficial, and programmes designed for use in the general population have been adapted for use in offenders who have an intellectual disability. There is also a role for pharmacological management, although the quality of evidence for this is noticeably lacking, most likely associated with the ethical and legal issues encountered in conducting well designed and controlled trials in this area. The purpose of this paper is to look at the pharmacological management options available. Design/methodology/approach: A literature search of electronic databases was undertaken. Additionally, the references lists for identified papers were examined for any further relevant publications. Findings: The two main categories of drugs used in the management of inappropriate sexual behaviour are the testosterone-lowering drugs and the psychotropic drugs. Most trials were open and utilised self-report measures of drug effectiveness, limiting their usefulness. Most trials noted beneficial effect. Side effect profiles and patient adherence can limit the effectiveness of anti-libidinal medication in practice. Originality/value: There is very limited evidence available for the use of pharmacological agents in the management of inappropriate sexual behaviour, owing to the lack of adequately controlled clinical trials. New studies are therefore required, particularly of larger sample sizes, longer durations, and examining characteristics of those who benefit from pharmacological treatment, although the ethical issues of conducting such studies is duly acknowledged. (Publisher abstract)
Working with persons with an intellectual disability: the transferential process between therapist and client and the systems they inhabit
- Authors:
- COTTER Padraig, HOLLWEY Sara, CARR Alan
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 22(3), 2017, pp.136-143.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to appraise “transference” and “countertransference” when working with people with intellectual disabilities (PWID). Design/methodology/approach: A review of the literature was conducted, followed by a discussion. Findings: No research articles were found. Potential reasons for this are discussed. Historical influence, complexity of the topic and resistance among professionals may be contributing factors. Despite this, these phenomena are important for several reasons. These include the high levels of trauma these clients experience; the manner in which they have been marginalised by mainstream society; the strong likelihood of PWID evoking difficult countertransference from therapists; and the myriad of coping mechanisms and defences that these clients may employ. Research limitations/implications: Research is needed to further current understanding of these issues. Practical implications: An awareness of these issues amongst practitioners and other key members of a PWID’s system is important. Originality/value: This is the first review and commentary on these issues. (Publisher abstract)
Narrative therapy in a learning disability context: a review
- Author:
- MCPARLAND James
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 20(3), 2015, pp.121-129.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Narrative therapy is aligned with government priorities for learning disabilities as it promotes inclusion and seeks to empower. While research on narrative therapy in learning disability services is emerging, it has not been critically evaluated. This paper aims to identify, summarise and critique the extant literature that has explored narrative therapy for adults with learning disabilities, and to consider the implications for research and clinical practice. Design/methodology/approach: A literature search identified seven relevant case studies that described individual narrative therapy interventions for adults with learning disabilities. A qualitative review of these studies was carried out. Findings: Overall, the reviewed studies offer tentative evidence for the short-term usefulness of narrative therapy for difficulties with anger and qualitative benefits for ritualistic behaviour, social anxiety and stealing behaviour. Research limitations/implications: A number of methodological issues are identified, particularly concerning the use of outcome measures and the generalisability of findings. The research is limited due to a reliance on case study evidence and outcome measures that lack validity and reliability. Both larger scale and more robust research, and high quality practice-based evidence, are required. Originality/value: This paper provides an up-to-date, comprehensive review of the literature on narrative therapy for people with learning disabilities that will be of use to clinicians providing therapeutic support and to people commissioning such services. (Edited publisher abstract)
The emotional lives of people with learning disability
- Author:
- ARTHUR Andrew R.
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 31(1), 2003, pp.25-30.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This paper reviews accounts of research and therapy and makes an assessment of the current state of knowledge. Very little research actually exists when compared to the non-learning disabled, and so, studies of psychotherapy, child development, parent-infant bonding, psychological assessment and emotional disturbance in people with learning disability are examined. The review finds that there is evidence to suggest the presence of a significantly higher level of emotional developmental problems and disturbance in people with learning disability. This problem requires multidisciplinary attention if progress in improving quality of life is to be maintained.
Outcome of psychoanalysis, psychoanalytic and psychodynamic psychotherapy with people with intellectual disabilities: a review
- Author:
- BEAIL Nigel
- Journal article citation:
- Changes an International Journal of Psychology and Psychotherapy, 13(3), 1995, pp.186-191.
There is a small but growing literature in the area of psychotherapy with people with intellectual disabilities. This literature does not reflect an equivalent growth in psychotherapy practice and tends to focus on process rather than outcome. Article suggests that further outcome research is necessary to help avoid a continuation of the psychotherapeutic neglect of people with intellectual disabilities.
Advancing psychological therapies research in Northern Ireland
- Authors:
- IRVINE Mandy, et al
- Publisher:
- Public Health Agency
- Publication year:
- 2011
- Pagination:
- 191p.
- Place of publication:
- Belfast
One of a series of rapid research reviews following the Bamford Review to contribute to a needs led research programme for psychological therapies. First the paper reviews existing national and international literature regarding psychological therapies. It then outlines the findings of a regional survey into the current provision of psychological therapies and research programmes being delivered across statutory and third sector services in Northern Ireland. The findings of the presented by the four main client groups of: adults; older adults; children and young people; and learning disabilities. Conditions covered include: depression, anxiety, post traumatic stress disorder, suicide, Autistic Spectrum Disorders, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and challenging behaviour. Finally the authors offer a model for prioritising future needs-led research in the psychological therapies in Northern Ireland.
Modern therapeutic approaches in learning disability services
- Authors:
- FRANKISH Pat, TERRY Sue
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 8(3), July 2003, pp.3-10.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Provides a brief summary of recent literature, to outline the main areas of therapeutic developments in recent years in the field of learning disability. Most of the approaches are person centred, even if provided in a group setting. Cognitive, psychodynamic and creative therapies have been added to behaviour therapy, with good results, indicating the potential of learning-disabled people to benefit from the same sorts of therapy as other people.
Social and therapeutic horticulture: evidence and messages from research
- Author:
- CENTRE FOR CHILD AND FAMILY RESEARCH
- Publisher:
- Loughborough University. Centre for Child and Family Research
- Publication year:
- 2002
- Pagination:
- 4p.
- Place of publication:
- Loughborough
Summarises the main findings of a literature review on social and therapeutic horticulture with vulnerable client groups. More than 300 articles were examined in detail from over 1,000 available titles. Client groups studied included those recovering from major illness or injury, people with physical disabilities, people with learning difficulties and mental health problems, older people, offenders and those who misuse drugs or alcohol. Highlights the reported benefits.