Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Future planning among families of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities: a systematic review
- Authors:
- LEE Chung eun, BURKE Meghan M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 17(2), 2020, pp.94-107.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Considering individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are having longer lives and outliving their parents, future planning has emerged as one of the most important topics in the IDD field. Without future planning, individuals with IDD and their families may be at greater risk for negative outcomes such as inappropriate living conditions of individuals with IDD (e.g., institutions) and greater anxiety for families. Thus, it is important to examine future planning for individuals with IDD. The purpose of this review was to synthesize the literature about future planning among families of individuals with IDD. Specifically, the purpose was to summarize the literature with respect to: existing future plans, barriers to future planning, benefits of future planning, and correlates of future planning. A systematic literature review was conducted about future planning among families of individuals with IDD. In total, 43 studies were identified. Results indicated that few families have conducted future planning for individuals with IDD. Further, family caregivers (e.g., siblings and parents) reported different barriers. However, conducting future planning benefitted all family members including individuals with IDD. It is necessary to conduct future planning with all family members, including individuals with IDD. Further, it is critical to include individuals with IDD in research about planning. Implications for future research, policy, and practice are discussed. (Edited publisher abstract)
People with intellectual disabilities’ experiences of psychological therapy: a systematic review and meta-ethnography
- Authors:
- EVANS Lauren, RANDLE-PHILLPS Cathy
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 24(2), 2020, p.233–252.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
The effectiveness of a range of psychological models adapted for use with people with intellectual disabilities has been well documented. A number of studies have used qualitative methods to examine people with intellectual disabilities’ experiences of these adapted interventions. Such research is important for identifying service users’ views on the helpful and challenging aspects of psychological interventions to ensure that they meet the needs of people with intellectual disabilities. To consolidate this research, a systematic review using a meta-ethnographic approach was undertaken. A systematic search identified 16 relevant studies. These studies were reviewed, critically appraised and key themes were extracted. Five key concepts were identified: adapting to therapy, the therapeutic environment, group dynamics, the therapeutic relationship and the impact of therapy on life. The need for further consideration of power differentials within the therapeutic relationship and further adaptations to ensure accessibility of therapy for people with intellectual disabilities is discussed. (Publisher abstract)
The use of social media and people with intellectual disability: a systematic review and thematic analysis
- Authors:
- CATON Sue, CHAPMAN Melanie
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 41(2), 2016, pp.125-139.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Background: This paper presents a systematic review of the evidence on the use of social media by people with intellectual disability. Method: Ten primary studies published in the English language between January 2000 and June 2014 were identified from electronic database searches (CINAHL, PsychInfo, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Scopus), correspondence with experts, and citation tracking. Results Nine themes were identified through thematic analysis of the texts: “safety and safeguarding,” “social identity,” “level of usage,” “support,” “relationships,” “happiness and enjoyment,” “communication and literacy skills,” “cyber-language and cyber-etiquette,” and “accessibility/design”. Conclusion: Examination of these themes revealed that some people with intellectual disability are having positive experiences using social media in terms of friendships, development of social identity and self-esteem, and enjoyment. However, barriers that stop people with intellectual disability from successfully accessing social media were identified as being safeguarding concerns, difficulties caused by literacy and communication skills, cyber-language, cyber-etiquette, and accessibility (including lack of appropriate equipment). (Edited publisher abstract)
Intellectual disability, personality disorder and offending: a systematic review
- Authors:
- RAYNER Kelly, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 9(2), 2015, pp.50-61.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: This review seeks to systematically review studies where personality disorder has been explored as a descriptive or possible predictive factor in offending behaviour in people with an intellectual disability. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach A systematic search of several databases was conducted and 15 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Findings: Methodological limitations and problems in accurate diagnosis within this client group preclude firm conclusions being reached. Originality/value: It is concluded that further research should be conducted, with particular attention paid to the conceptualisation and assessment of personality disorder. (Publisher abstract)
A systematic review of community psychosocial group interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities and mental health conditions
- Authors:
- BOURNE Jane, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 35(1), 2022, pp.3-23.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: People with intellectual disabilities have a high risk of developing mental ill-health. Treatment is often neglected and diagnosis is misattributed to a person's disability. Standard psychosocial interventions can improve a person's well-being. This review aimed to understand what interventions are being delivered, any benefits, and future recommendations. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed, and the review registered with PROSPERO-CRD42020160254. Databases searched included: MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO. A framework synthesis approach was used to present the findings. Results: There are limited psychosocial interventions offered for this population. When groups are delivered having a creative element, multiple activities over a short period of time, with breaks and group rules outcomes can be improved. Conclusions: Adaptations and reasonable adjustments should be used specifically to a person's ability. A mixed-method design allows people to share their experiences alongside quantitative data that provides clinical information. (Edited publisher abstract)
Barriers and enablers to optimal diabetes care for adults with learning disabilities: a systematic review
- Authors:
- HOLDEN Ben, LEE Andrew
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, early cite 12 May 2021,
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Individuals with diabetes and a learning disability have poorer health outcomes than those without a learning disability. In the UK, the health inequalities faced by people with learning disabilities are often the result of barriers they face in accessing timely, appropriate and effective health care. The aim of the study was to review relevant literature to identify the barriers and enablers to optimal diabetes care for adults with learning disabilities. Methods: Systematic review methodology was used to answer the research question: What barriers and enablers to optimal diabetes care exist for adults with learning disabilities? This review is reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Key databases were searched using relevant terms. Included studies were synthesised using thematic analysis and were quality appraised. Findings: This review identified 12 barriers to optimal diabetes care for adults with learning disabilities and 14 enablers to optimal care from 10 diverse publications. Low level of diabetes knowledge and understanding and systems that do not allow reasonable adjustments were the barriers considered to have the greatest reliability. The enabler identified to have the highest reliability was person-centred planning and reasonable adjustments. Conclusion: This work highlights key actions that can be undertaken to address inequalities in diabetes care for people with learning disabilities. With additional research in this field, further progress can be made to improve the lives of those adults living with learning disabilities and diabetes. (Edited publisher abstract)
Social networks and people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review
- Authors:
- HARRISON Rachel Abigail, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 34(4), 2021, pp.973-992.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Despite the importance of social networks for health and well‐being, relatively little is known about the ways in which adults with intellectual disabilities in the U.K. experience their social networks. Method: A systematic review was completed to identify research focused on the social networks of adults with intellectual disabilities. Studies published from 1990 to 2019 were identified. Studies were thematically analysed. Results: Quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods studies were analysed to identify key factors influencing social networks. Experiences of people with intellectual disabilities identified themes of identity, powerlessness, inclusion, family and support. These themes are discussed with reference to theories of stigma and normalisation. Conclusions: Stigma and normalisation can be used to better understand the needs, desires and dreams of people with intellectual disabilities for ordinary relationships, from which they are regularly excluded. Implications for policy and practice are discussed in relation to building and repairing often spoiled identities. (Edited publisher abstract)
The association between employment and the health of people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review
- Authors:
- ROBERTSON Janet, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 32(6), 2019, pp.1335-1348.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: There is strong evidence indicating that paid employment is generally good for the physical and mental health of the general population. This systematic review considers the association between employment and the health of people with intellectual disabilities. Methods: Studies published from 1990 to 2018 were identified via electronic literature databases, email requests and cross‐citations. Identified studies were reviewed narratively. Results: Twelve studies were identified. Studies were generally consistent in reporting an association between being in paid employment and better physical or mental health status. Conclusions: This review supports the view that the well‐established association between employment and better health is similar for adults with and without intellectual disabilities. However, evidence establishing causality is lacking and further research to determine specific health benefits attributable to employment for people with intellectual disabilities and the causal pathways that operate is required. (Publisher abstract)
Gender differences in physical activity and sedentary behaviour in adults with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
- Authors:
- WESTROP Sophie C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 32(6), 2019, pp.1359-1374.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Adults with intellectual disabilities are reported to be highly inactive, with research required to understand contributory factors. This systematic review aimed to investigate gender differences in physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) in adults with intellectual disabilities. Methods: This systematic review was reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Seven databases were searched up to, and including, January 2018. Screening identified papers that assessed gender‐specific PA and/or SB outcomes in adults with intellectual disabilities. Data were synthesized using a narrative synthesis and random effects model meta‐analyses. Results: Twenty‐six papers were included; 25 measured PA, and eight assessed SB. Women with intellectual disabilities were least active with a significant overall effect of gender identified. For SB, no consistent gender differences were found. Conclusions: Reflecting the general population, men with intellectual disabilities were most active. Intellectual disability research should consider the role of gender to inform future interventions targeting inactivity. (Publisher abstract)
Epilepsy and challenging behaviour in adults with intellectual disability: a systematic review
- Authors:
- BLICKWEDEL Jessica, ALI Afia, HASSIOTIS Angela
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 44(2), 2019, pp.219-231.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Background: Epilepsy and challenging behaviour are both highly prevalent in the intellectual disability (ID) population and it is thus crucial to understand any possible associations between the two. Method: PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science were searched for quantitative data about epilepsy and any forms of challenging behaviour in adults with ID. Results: A total of 25 articles were included in the review. Overall the evidence suggests that while epilepsy is not a good explanatory variable for the presence of challenging behaviour; the relationship is complex. However, for some people with epilepsy and for certain types of challenging behaviour a link may exist. Conclusions: Given the possible link between epilepsy-related factors such as seizure type and specific subgroups of challenging behaviour, investigating these relationships further and particularly exploring how to best measure challenging behaviour in people with epilepsy could be of great clinical benefit. (Edited publisher abstract)