Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Self-injurious behaviour in Cornelia de Lange syndrome: 1. Prevalence and phenomenology
- Authors:
- OLIVER C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 53(7), July 2009, pp.575-589.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Self-injurious behaviour is frequently identified as part of the behavioural phenotype of Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS). The authors conducted a case-control study of the prevalence and phenomenology of self-injurious behaviour (SIB) in CdLS. A total of 54 participants with CdLS were compared with 46 individuals who were comparable on key variables including age, degree of intellectual disability and wheelchair use, using questionnaire and observational measures. Clinically significant self-injury was not more prevalent in the CdLS group (55.6%), nor was it different in presentation from that seen in the comparison group. Hyperactivity, stereotyped and compulsive behaviours predicted clinically significant self-injury in all participants. Hand directed, mild self-injury was more prevalent in CdLS. The results show that clinically significant self-injury may not be part of the behavioural phenotype of CdLS but a specific body target for proto-SIB is more common.
Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for People with Learning Disabilities (HoNOS—LD)
- Authors:
- ASHOK Roy, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 180, January 2002, pp.61-66.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Frequent impaired social functioning, problems with communication and associated physical conditions meant that a bespoke instrument was needed for people with learning disabilities. This article describes the development of the Health of the Nation Outcomes Scales for People with Learning Disabilities (HoNOS—LD).
Behaviours in young people with intellectual disability: preliminary findings and implications for injury
- Authors:
- SHERRARD Jennifer, TONGE Bruce J., EINFELD Stewart L.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 22(1), March 1997, pp.39-48.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study is a preliminary analysis of part of a major longitudinal multidisciplinary programme examining psychopathology in young people with intellectual disability. The aim is to assess potential behavioural risk factors for injury in a representative community sample of children and adolescents aged 4-18 years in 5 health regions in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Results show the prevalence of potential injury risk behaviours to be significantly higher in the study group than for young people representative of the general community. Behavioural injury risk patterns in the study group tend to reflect those seen in younger aged children in the general community. These findings suggest that children and adolescents with intellectual disability display behaviours which may increase their risk for injury.
Abuse in care? The identification of early indicators of the abuse of people with learning disabilities in residential settings
- Authors:
- MARSLAND Dave, OAKES Peter, WHITE Caroline
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Adult Protection, 9(4), November 2007, pp.6-20.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Although 'No Secrets' suggests that adult protection practices should seek to prevent abuse, it can be argued that such practice predominately focuses on pursuing effective abuse that has already happened, rather than preventing abuse. This article reports on research which sought to contribute to the prevention of abuse, through the identification of 'early indicators'.
A real and present danger
- Author:
- GEORGE Mike
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 22.7.99, 1999, pp.36-37.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Finds out how a social worker calculated the risk of reoffending when a sex offender with learning difficulties came before the court.
Intellectual and HIV infection: a service related study of policies and staff attitudes
- Authors:
- MACDONALD Raymond A.R., MURRAY James L., LEVENSON Victor L.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 12(4), 1999, pp.348-357.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Reports on a study of staff knowledge and attitudes in relation to policies on HIV infection in organisations providing services to people with intellectual disabilities. Staff in three different service providers (NHS, social service and private and voluntary organisations) were sent the staff attitudes towards persons with learning disabilities and HIV infection scale. 46 percent of respondents did not know or were unsure of policies concerning clients with HIV infection; 69 percent of respondents reported that these policies either did not influence their behaviour or that they were unsure if they did. The results are discussed with reference to HIV prevention, health promotion and appropriate service support for people with intellectual disabilities.
Long-term affective disorder in people with mild learning disability
- Authors:
- RICHARDS Marcus, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 179, December 2001, pp.523-527.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This study aimed to determine risk of affective disorder in those classified with mild learning disability in the British 1946 birth cohort and to investigate whether this risk was accounted for by disadvantage in childhood and adulthood. Showed that learning disability was associated with a fourfold increase in risk of affective disorder, not accounted for by social and material disadvantage or by medical disorder.
Considerations for informing safer sex education work with men with learning disabilities
- Author:
- CAMBRIDGE Paul
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 27(4), December 1999, pp.123-126.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This article reviews HIV prevention and safer sex education work with men with learning disabilities, identifying considerations for responding to HIV in its third decade. While the effective targeting of HIV prevention remains with men with learning disabilities who have sex with men, new considerations are also emerging from experience with sex education, staff training and HIV prevention more widely, helping reshape and inform service responses and individuals work.
Enabling carers to access specialist training in breakaway techniques: a case study
- Authors:
- GREEN T., WRAY J.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Learning Disabilities for Nursing Health and Social Care, 3(1), March 1999, pp.34-38.
This article explores the experience of one family, whose child had Prader-Willi Syndrome and severe behavioural difficulties, and the process undertaken to access specialist training in 'Breakaway' training. Prader-Willi syndrome has been associated with a range of behavioural difficulties including hyperphagia and food preoccupation, temper tantrums, stubbornness, lability, impulsivity, argumentativeness, depression, anxiety and repetitive behaviours. To ensure safety of both the parents and the child, access to training in 'Breakaway techniques' for the carers was procured, at the carers request. This paper concentrates upon the difficulties encountered during this process, both for the family and the professionals involved.