Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Factors associated with the amount of public home care received by elderly and intellectually disabled individuals in a large Norwegian municipality
- Authors:
- DOHL Oystein, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Care in the Community, 24(3), 2016, pp.297-308.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study reports an analysis of factors associated with home care use in a setting in which long-term care services are provided within a publicly financed welfare system. The study considered two groups of home care recipients: elderly individuals and intellectually disabled individuals. Routinely collected data on users of public home care in the municipality of Trondheim in October 2012, including 2493 people aged 67 years or older and 270 intellectually disabled people, were used. Multivariate regression analysis was used to analyse the relationship between the time spent in direct contact with recipients by public healthcare personnel and perceived individual determinants of home care use (i.e. physical disability, cognitive impairment, diagnoses, age and gender, as well as socioeconomic characteristics). Physical disability and cognitive impairment are routinely registered for long-term care users through a standardised instrument that is used in all Norwegian municipalities. Factor analysis was used to aggregate the individual items into composite variables that were included as need variables. Both physical disability and cognitive impairment were strong predictors of the amount of received care for both elderly and intellectually disabled individuals. The study identified a negative interaction effect between physical disability and cognitive impairment for elderly home care users. For elderly individuals, results also found significant positive associations between weekly hours of home care and having comorbidity, living alone, living in a service flat and having a safety alarm. The reduction in the amount of care for elderly individuals living with a cohabitant was substantially greater for males than for females. For intellectually disabled individuals, receiving services involuntarily due to severe behavioural problems was a strong predictor of the amount of care received. The analysis showed that routinely collected data capture important predictors of home care use and thus facilitate both short-term budgeting and long-term planning of home care services. (Edited publisher abstract)
Survival in mental retardation
- Author:
- MOLSA P.K.
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Handicap Research, 7(4), 1995, pp.338-345.
- Publisher:
- BIMH Publications
The life expectancy of subjects with mental handicap has been found to be markedly shortened in comparison with that of the average population. In the study survival and causes of death of 429 people with mental handicap in Finland were recorded over a twenty year period. Survival analysed in terms of aetiology showed that congenital malformations and acquired postnatal disorders were associated with increasing mortality. There was a significant difference in survival between institutionalised and non-institutionalised people and a very significant difference in survival between long-term institutional residents and subjects living at home with their parents. Epilepsy shortened the life expectancy significantly among subjects living outside the institution, especially hostels. The most frequent immediate cause of death, both within and outside institution, were bronchopneumonia, cardiovascular disease and epileptic seizures.
Barriers to non-residential respite care for adults with moderate to complex needs: a UK perspective
- Author:
- SOUTHBY Kris
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 21(4), 2017, pp.366-386.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
Respite aims to alleviate the stress and burden of caring for someone with an intellectual disability and/or autism. Respite can take place in a number of different ways, but most commonly occurs in a residential setting. Based on survey and interview data with carers (CAs), service users and stakeholders (STs) in a northern city in England, this article explores some of the perceived or actual barriers to availing ‘non-residential’ respite. A number of barriers to non-residential respite are identified. Residential respite appears to be the default conceptualisation of ‘respite’ for carers, service users and stakeholders. Persuading carers, service users and stakeholders to give up the familiarity and safety of residential respite in favour of a non-residential alternative will be challenging unless those involved are more informed. Limitations and directions for future research are suggested. (Publisher abstract)
Personal social services: expenditure and unit costs, England: 2013-14, final release
- Author:
- HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE INFORMATION CENTRE. Adult Social Care Statistics
- Publisher:
- Health and Social Care Information Centre
- Publication year:
- 2014
- Pagination:
- 53
- Place of publication:
- London
This summary provides information about the money spent on adult social care by the social services departments of councils with adult social services responsibilities (CASSRs) in England. It contains information taken from CASSR administrative systems used to record personal social services expenditure and income. Gross current expenditure by CASSRs on adult social care in England in 2013-14 was £17.2 billion. This represents an increase of half of one per cent in cash terms from 2012-13, which is the equivalent of a one per cent decrease in real terms. Over the five year period from 2008-09, there has been a decrease of three per cent in real terms. 51 per cent (£8.8 billion) of expenditure in 2013-14 was on older people (those aged 65 and over), compared to 52 per cent in 2012-13. The average cost per adult aged 18 and over supported in residential care, nursing care or intensively in their own home was £597 per week in 2013-14, compared to the real term figure of £613 in 2012-13; a three per cent decrease in real terms and one per cent in cash terms. (Edited publisher abstract)
Older people with learning disabilities: a review of the literature on residential services and family caregiving
- Authors:
- HOGG James, LAMBE Loretto
- Publisher:
- University of Dundee. White Top Institute
- Publication year:
- 1998
- Pagination:
- 81p.
- Place of publication:
- Dundee
This paper provides a summary of a literature review looking at the needs of older people with learning disabilities, paying particular attention to the appropriateness of different forms of accommodation, and the situation for those people living at home with older family carers. The review revealed increasing longevity amongst people with learning disabilities which matches the changes seen in the general population. This has been a gradual development which means that the increase in absolute numbers in any given local authority area will not be great. However, the literature also identified large areas of un-met need amongst older people with learning disabilities, many of whom are unknown to services. It urges that they be viewed as individuals, and assumptions not be made about them as a new group defined by age and learning disability. The implications of the research evidence for service provision are detailed.
Support for people with learning difficulties in residential settings who develop dementia
- Author:
- JOSEPH ROWNTREE FOUNDATION
- Publisher:
- Joseph Rowntree Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2004
- Pagination:
- 4p.
- Place of publication:
- York
What happens when someone with learning difficulties develops dementia? This study explored the experience of 18 people with learning difficulties living in small-scale, community-based residential homes. It also looked at the knowledge and experience of service providers, staff, fellow residents and relatives. Lack of planning led to ad hoc arrangements that often failed to meet the needs of people with dementia, fellow residents and staff. Lack of coherent strategies and resources resulted in people being moved inappropriately to nursing homes for older people. When people did move to another setting, residential home staff continued to play a vital role in maintaining basic care for the individual. There was a lack of coherent, consistent practice in relation to diagnosis and follow-up care. Where baseline assessments were established there was a marked improvement in early diagnosis. The use of consistent, good quality, practice-based training was critical in determining the type of care given and the likelihood of someone remaining 'at home'. Staff often provided unpaid or underpaid support. They played down the increased complexity of individual care needs because they feared requesting additional help might result in the person being moved. Waking night staff were essential not only for dealing with night-time disturbances but also for providing one-to-one support. This also had a positive impact on fellow residents' ability to accept and cope with the person with dementia. In particular, staff in all settings struggled with pain management and helping people to eat well. Dementia-friendly built environments were rare. But in some cases staff had been imaginative and resourceful, demonstrating that such changes do not have to be expensive.
Satisfaction with living arrangements of older adults with intellectual disability: service users’ and carers’ views
- Authors:
- O'ROURKE Anne, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Learning Disabilities, 8(1), March 2004, pp.12-29.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Living arrangements for older adults with intellectual disability are an important aspect of service provision. However, relatively little work has examined service users’ satisfaction and dissatisfaction with where they live. Interviews were conducted with 92 service users with intellectual disability aged over 40 living in residential accommodation or with parents or guardians. A questionnaire addressing service users’ living arrangements was completed by 103 carers or guardians. Service users identified physical features of living arrangements, the provision of activities, and staff as primary contributors to satisfaction. Primary contributors to dissatisfaction were staff issues such as hindering personal independence, impatience and personnel shortages. Service users living with family or guardians were more likely to report being happy but also to report loneliness than those in group homes. Carers’ responses largely mirrored those provided by service users but differences emerged with respect to appropriateness of existing accommodation.
Closer to home: a critique of British government policy towards accommodating learning disabled people in their own homes
- Author:
- STEVENS Andy
- Journal article citation:
- Critical Social Policy, 24(2), May 2004, pp.233-254.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This review of British government policy on accommodation for people with learning disability compares two White Papers: Better Services for the Mentally Handicapped(DHSS, 1971) and Valuing People(DOH, 2002). NHS employment issues muted the influence of Better Services. Statistics show a slow transfer from the NHS to other providers, but little development of independent living alternatives since 1971, despite a policy emphasis on social inclusion themes in recent policy. Promotion of housing choice, where residential care provision dominates, inhibits inclusive housing. Valuing People does not address the potentially conflicting choices of disabled people and their families and is critical of local authorities for not supporting large-scale residential care. Supported living alternatives cannot receive sufficient support where residential care agencies’ interests predominate. Better incentives are needed for local authorities to provide support for people with learning disabilities to safely live in a home of their own rather than in residential care.
Case of the missing voice
- Author:
- -
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 23.5.02, 2002, pp.46-47.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Offers views on a case involving disagreement over the future of a woman with learning difficulties.
Change over 12 years in residential provision for adult persons with intellectual disabilities in Ireland
- Authors:
- McCONKEY Roy, GRAIG Sarah
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 23(1), 2018, pp.1-7.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to document the impact of major policy changes and reductions in government funding on residential provision for people with intellectual disabilities (ID) in Ireland. Design/methodology/approach: Ireland is unique in having a national database of people in receipt of services from specialist ID providers. Information on persons in residential settings from 2005 to 2016 was examined in terms of changes in the types of provision over time and broken down by age groups. Findings: From 2011 onwards, cuts in government funding coincided with a continuing reduction in the overall provision of residential accommodation for adults with ID. There was a parallel increase in the number of people living with family carers, especially persons aged 55 years and over. The greatest reduction was in residential centres which was in line with recent policy but this was not matched by an increase in alternative options, with fewer people aged 20-34 living in residential accommodation of any kind. Compared to Great Britain, Ireland has proportionately more residential places with fewer people living independently. Social implications: More Irish families have to continue caring for their adult relatives into their old age. Likewise, those resident in group homes and living independently are growing older which means there is an increased likelihood they will require additional support. Originality/value: This national data set is a valuable tool for monitoring changes in service provision over time and for determining the impact of government policy and funding decisions. (Publisher abstract)