Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Improving quality of life outcomes in supported accommodation for people with intellectual disability: what makes a difference?
- Authors:
- BIGBY Christine, BEADLE-BROWN Julie
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 31(2), 2018, pp.e182-e200.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: The quality of life (QOL) of people with intellectual disability living in supported accommodation services is variable, influenced by many possible factors. Various frameworks have attempted to identify these factors without assigning value, direction of influence or relative impact on outcomes. Methods: A realist review of the literature aimed to expose different propositions about variables influencing QOL outcomes and review the strength of supporting evidence for these, to identify their relative influence. Evidence was reviewed for and against each of five clusters. Results: Evidence was strongest for the presence of staff practices (use of Active Support), front-line management practice (use of practice leadership), culture (enabling and motivating), human resources policies and practice (that support front-line leaders and recruitment of staff with the right values), adequate resources, and small, dispersed and homelike settings. Conclusions: The evidence informs policy and practice but in some clusters remains limited, warranting further research which measures outcomes on all QOL domains. (Publisher abstract)
Development and psychometric evaluation of the Group Home Culture Scale
- Authors:
- HUMPHREYS Lincoln, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 33(3), 2020, pp.515-528.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Organizational culture in group homes for people with intellectual disabilities has been identified as influencing staff behaviour and residents’ quality of life (QOL). Despite this influence, culture has been under‐researched, with no published and validated instrument to measure its dimensions in group homes. The aim was to develop such a measure. Method: The Group Home Culture Scale (GHCS) was developed using a theory‐driven approach. Items were generated from the research literature, which were reviewed by experts and tested in cognitive interviews. Data from 343 front‐line staff were used for exploratory factor analysis. Results: The content and face validity of the GHCS were found to be acceptable. Exploratory factor analysis indicated that the GHCS measured seven dimensions of group home culture. Cronbach's alpha for the dimensions ranged from 0.81 to 0.92. Conclusions: The GHCS has potential use in research to determine whether dimensions of group home culture predict the quality of staff support and residents’ QOL. (Publisher abstract)
Quality of life and living arrangements for people with intellectual disability
- Authors:
- BERTELLI Marco, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 7(4), 2013, pp.220-231.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Recent international experiences of community inclusion have produced a major change in residential care for people with intellectual disability (ID). Assignment and outcome assessment through new person-centred measures are raising increasing interest; however, the information on quality of life and accommodation is still limited. This paper aims to provide an overview of the application of quality of life models and the size of the provision of different living arrangements using a systematic mapping of the literature of the last decade and expert guided review of the available evidence. Quality of life (QoL) outcomes measures of living arrangements in people with ID show conceptual and methodological challenges. The following key topics were identified: individual level: issues related to health status, behavioural problems and other personal factors (ageing, choice and empowerment); family and peers; local level: accommodation, architecture and urbanization, and economic aspects (deprivation and costs); macro level: social participation (community inclusion). The residential solutions that are currently considered of highest efficiency are small apartments in the community and “cluster centers”. (Edited publisher abstract)
A comparison of activity levels among adults with intellectual disabilities living in family homes and out-of-family placements
- Authors:
- FELCE David, PERRY Jonathan, KERR Michael
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 24(5), September 2011, pp.421-426.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Despite the fact that the majority of adults with intellectual disabilities live in the family home, little research has been done on their quality of life. This paper aims to compare the activities of adults with intellectual disabilities living in family homes with those in out-of-family placements. It examines 2 aspects of the quality of life: the range and frequency of social and community activities; and the extent of participation in family activity at home. The study involved secondary analysis of a dataset produced by merging data from 4 earlier studies. The merged dataset contained information on 30 adult participants living independently, 142 living in family homes, and 559 in staffed homes. Participant characteristics and household and community activity indicators were compared across places of residence. For those living in family or staffed homes, the association between the activity indicators and place of residence after controlling for participant characteristics was examined. The findings showed that the place of residence was a significant factor after controlling for participant differences. People living independently had higher household participation. People living in staffed housing had higher household participation and did more community activities more frequently than people living in family homes. The findings suggest that adults living in family homes may have fewer activity opportunities than those living in supported accommodation.
Quality of life for people with learning disabilities in supported housing in the community: a review of research
- Author:
- FELCE David
- Publisher:
- University of Exeter. Centre for Evidence Based Social Services, University of E
- Publication year:
- 2000
- Pagination:
- 56p.
- Place of publication:
- Exeter
The research brought together here, including summaries of other specialist reviews, and the author's own work, provides a thorough and comprehensive guide to the field of supported housing in the community for learning-disabled people. It is relevant to planning and review processes within and beyond the CEBSS project. Includes sections on: physical wellbeing; material wellbeing; social wellbeing; productive wellbeing; emotional wellbeing; civic wellbeing; and user statistician.
Factors that predict good Active Support in services for people with intellectual disabilities: a multilevel model
- Authors:
- BIGBY Christine, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 33(3), 2020, pp.334-344.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Active Support, now widely adopted by disability support organizations, is difficult to implement. The study aim was to identify the factors associated with good Active Support. Methods: Data on service user and staff characteristics, quality of Active Support and practice leadership were collected from a sample of services from 14 organizations annually for between 2 and 7 years, using questionnaires, structured observations and interviews. Data were analysed using multilevel modelling (MLM). Results: Predictors of good Active Support were adaptive behaviour, practice leadership, Active Support training, and time since its implementation. Heterogeneity, having more than six people in a service and larger organizations were associated with lower quality of Active Support. Conclusions: In order to ensure that Active Support is consistently implemented, and thus, quality of life outcomes improved, organizations need to pay attention to both service design and support for staff through training and practice leadership. (Publisher abstract)
Funding supported housing for all: specialised supported housing for people with a learning disability
- Author:
- HOUSING LEARNING AND IMPROVEMENT NETWORK
- Publisher:
- Mencap
- Publication year:
- 2018
- Pagination:
- 29
- Place of publication:
- London
This research, commissioned by Mencap, looks at the nature and scale Specialised Supported Housing (SSH) for in England and the role it plays in the provision of homes for people with a learning disability and/or autism with complex needs. It provides information in the costs of provision, the levels of future demand and the benefits for people living in SSH. It draws on examples of good practice and also provides evidence to inform the debate around funding for supported housing into the future. The research found that demand for supported housing from people with a learning disability is projected to increase from 38,500 units in 2015 to 59,800 units in 2030. This is due to both population increases of people with learning disabilities and policies promoting community-based housing. Although rents for SHH are generally being higher than some other forms of supported housing, the research found SHH is a cost-effective way of providing housing to those with complex needs, given that it attracts no or only very limited public funding. The research also finds that living independently with support in the community has a positive impact on people’s wellbeing for people with a learning disability. It provides recommendations to transform the range of housing options for people with complex needs, ensure operating viability and retain investor confidence in the sector. (Edited publisher abstract)
Supported accommodation for people with intellectual disabilities and quality of life: an overview
- Authors:
- WALSH Patricia Noonan, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 7(2), June 2010, pp.137-142.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The authors review evidence relating to quality of life outcomes in models of supported accommodation for adults with intellectual disabilities. A literature search for English language, peer-reviewed articles published between 1995 and 2005 was conducted to: (1) review the outcome of deinstitutionalisation and post-institutionalisation studies; (2) examine instruments used to measure outcomes for individuals; and (3) compare costs and benefits associated with different models of supported accommodation. A total of 86 articles reported on 67 studies; forty nine of the articles focussed on deinstitutionalisation. Together the US and the UK accounted for 75% of the studies discussed. In the deinstitutionalisation studies, there was consistent evidence of greater choice and self-determination, participation in social networks or relationships and community-based activities, and personal satisfaction in community-based settings. Post-deinstitutionalisation studies provided consistent evidence for greater choice, self-determination, and participation in community-based activities in smaller settings, but no evidence for greater physical health or material well-being, and little evidence for a relationship between type of setting and employment. The authors identified five key factors for consideration when planning future research. They suggest work is needed to meet methodological challenges they identified, to investigate the apparent failure of smaller residences to improve residents’ well-being, and to study systematically factors not directly addressed in the studies reviewed: poverty and income, organisational culture, and geographical variation.
Self-appraised lifestyle satisfaction of persons with intellectual disability: the impact of personal characteristics and community residential facilities
- Author:
- SCHWARTZ Chaya
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 28(3), September 2003, pp.227-240.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study interviewed a total of 247 adults with intellectual disability from residents group homes, semi-independent and independent apartments in the community in Israel using the lifestyle satisfaction scale. Results found that residents personal and behavioural characteristics explained more of the variance of total lifestyle than the living arrangement. Among personal and behavioural variables, only need for mobility assistance and level of challenging behaviour predicted lifestyle satisfaction. Living in a semi- independent apartment made a significant and independent contribution to the total lifestyle satisfaction over and above the contribution made by personal and behavioural characteristics. However, participants who did not live in a semi-independent apartment expressed more lifestyle satisfaction than those who did.
Guidance: commissioning accommodation and support for a good life for people with a learning disability
- Author:
- WELSH LOCAL GOVERNMENT ASSOCIATION
- Publisher:
- Welsh Local Government Association
- Publication year:
- 2019
- Pagination:
- 88
- Place of publication:
- Cardiff
This guidance, commissioned by the National Commissioning Board, provides advice on commissioning accommodation and support services for people with a learning disability that support independent living promote well-being. It aims to redefine the accommodation and support model to a more person-centred, flexible set of principles which considers a wide range of places to live and deliver the support person want and need. It builds upon the overarching guidance on ‘Commissioning Services for People with Learning Disabilities’ published in November 2017 and will contribute to Welsh Government’s ‘Learning Disability Improving Lives Programme’. The guidance is structured around 12 questions across five themes which cover: person centred pathway; models of accommodation and support; what makes good quality support; developing innovative and progressive procurement processes; effective strategic commissioning, including commissioning services that improve well-being and that are cost effective. (Edited publisher abstract)