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Spain
- Authors:
- SALVADOR-CARULLA Luis, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 9(1), January 2004, pp.40-47.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Provides an overview of services for people with learning difficulties in Spain. Three parallel processes have taken place during the last 20 years: decentralisation, a health reform and a mental health reform. These processes have produced an extremely complex situation in support and care for people with learning difficulties. The decentraliation process was not accompanied by a clear definition of the co-ordination mechanisms among local authorities, and as a result many different health and social care systems have emerged at different times. An important characteristic of the Spanish system is the major role of NGOs in care and policy-making and planning in this area. A shift from institutional to community care has begun for both psychiatric patients and people with learning difficulties, but compared with neighbouring countries and published standards, the provision of intermediate services and non-hospital residential care is very low, and the situation is worst for people with learning difficulties and psychiatric problems. The article covers: definition, legal status and eligibility; policy framework; service structures and funding of services.