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WHO Atlas on Global Resources for Persons with Intellectual Disabilities 2007: key findings relevant for low- and middle-income countries
- Authors:
- MERCIER Celine, at al.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 5(2), June 2008, pp.81-88.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The World Health Organization (WHO) Atlas-ID project was designed to collect, compile, and disseminate information on intellectual disabilities (ID) services and resources from across the world. This paper aims at selecting findings in the Atlas-ID that can be used as a tool for advocacy, human rights awareness, development planning, and monitoring changes regarding resources for persons with intellectual disabilities and their families in countries with the lowest levels of income in the world. After consultation with experts in the field of ID, a questionnaire and its accompanying glossary were developed. This questionnaire was completed by national respondents from 147 countries, areas, and territories that are WHO members (response rate of 74.6% corresponding to 94.6% of the world population). Cross-tabulations were calculated according to WHO region that the countries belong to as well as their levels of income. The data from the Atlas-ID allowed for documenting similarities and differences among the poorest and the richest countries of the world in relation to ID. The most striking differences pertain to the areas of information, judicial protection, government benefits, financing, availability, and access to services. The Atlas-ID allowed the identification of similarities and differences in resources and services between the four World Bank categories of countries' income, and it demonstrated the extent of unmet needs in low-income and low-middle-income countries, as well as some critical gaps between these countries and the high-level income countries.
Support for living?: the impact of the supporting people programme on housing and support for adults with learning disabilities
- Authors:
- FYSON Rachel, TARLETON Beth, WARD Linda
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 68p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Bristol
The Supporting People programme, which began on 1 April 2003, was designed to separate out the costs of bricks-and-mortar housing (which, where needed, would continue to be paid through Housing Benefit) from the costs of the support necessary to enable vulnerable adults to attain or maintain independent tenancies. For people with learning disabilities, this new funding mechanism appeared to offer a much-needed opportunity for some of the changes set out in the 2001 Valuing People White Paper to be made a reality. This research project set out to examine how local Supporting People teams were interpreting national guidelines in relation to the provision of housing-related support and to explore the impact that this was having on people with learning disabilities. It also hoped to discover the extent to which the Valuing People core aims – of promoting rights, choice, independence and control in the lives of people with learning disabilities – were being supported by this new programme
The lives of people with learning disabilities: a policy briefing
- Author:
- FOUNDATION FOR PEOPLE WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES
- Publisher:
- Foundation for People with Learning Disabilities
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 6p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This briefing examines how current government policies across the UK, and particularly in England, impact on the lives of people with learning disabilities. It identifies gaps and suggests ways forward, drawing on the research, projects and development work of the Foundation for People with Learning Disabilities.
Korean disability employment policy: what is it offering people with learning disabilities?
- Authors:
- KIM Jin Woo, DAVIS Ann
- Journal article citation:
- Social Policy and Society, 5(3), July 2006, pp.409-419.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
From the 1960s onwards opportunities for employment for disabled people have been promoted by the South Korean government and recent research has focused on the achievements of policies in this area. However people with learning disabilities have largely been ignored in this research. The paper draws on a study which used research methods designed explicitly to enable people with learning disabilities to participate and their voices to be heard. The findings highlight the failure of current policies to provide suitable employment opportunities for people with learning disabilities and the paper concludes with some recommendations.
A courtly welcome: observations on the research initiative
- Author:
- WALSH Patricia Noonan
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 31(4), December 2003, pp.190-193.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
In November 2000 the Department of Health's launched a research initiative to commission, fund and monitor the outcomes of a set of research projects in learning disabilities is being implemented in a set of projects. This article reflects the experience and critical appraisal of a member of the Reference Groups from outside the UK.
From "Learning disability to intellectual disability": perceptions of the increasing use of the term "intellectual disability" in learning disability policy, research and practice
- Author:
- CLULEY Victoria
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 46(1), 2018, pp.24-32.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: The term "intellectual disability" is increasingly used to refer to people with learning disabilities in British learning disability policy, practice and research. This change is undoubtedly a reflection of the changing international context. The inclusion of the term “intellectual disability” has been particularly pronounced in countries such as the USA. By contrast, this change has been relatively silent in England. Methods: In light of this, the paper explores the discussions of 12 focus groups conducted with professional and lay groups working in or influencing learning disability research and practice in England. Each focus group was asked the following two questions: Have you heard of the term "intellectual disability" and how do you feel about the term "intellectual disability?.” Discussion and Conclusion: Thematic analysis of the discussions identified four dominant themes: dislike and disbelief; ambiguity; tautology; and fear. It is concluded that more explanation is required in order for researchers and practitioners in England to understand this semantic change. (Publisher abstract)
Developing a comprehensive research agenda for people with intellectual disability to inform policy development and reform
- Author:
- TOWNSEND Clare Elizabeth
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 8(2), June 2011, pp.113-124.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
There is a consensus in the literature that more research is required to inform the development and reform of policy and service systems for people with intellectual disability (ID). Currently, there are concentrations and gaps in the research knowledge in this area. Strategically developed research agendas underpinned by a strict adherence to human rights principles can optimally inform policy and service development and reform. This article describes the development of a framework to facilitate the conceptualisation of a comprehensive and structured research agenda for ID that can underpin policy. The framework is informed by templates developed in mental health and health and consists of external parameters and internal domains and elements. The external parameters are human rights, national and state priorities, research knowledge, and research capacity. The internal domains are context, resources, provision, and outcomes. The framework is applicable in a range of settings and can be used to prioritise and optimise research efforts and resources in the area of ID.
Deinstitutionalisation and community living for people with intellectual disabilities in Austria: history, policies, implementation and research
- Author:
- BUCHNER Tobias
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 14(1), February 2009, pp.4-13.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This article starts with a brief overview of the history of housing for people with intellectual disability in Austria. The system of care and Austrian disability policy are also examined, focusing on implementation of deinstitutionalisation and community living. The following analysis of services provided in the field of housing for people with intellectual disabilities shows that support is provided in undistinguished, generalised service packages based on a competency model. Academic research on community living is quite rare in Austria, and fails to take into account the subjective perspective of people with intellectual disabilities.
No one knows: police responses to suspects with learning disabilities and learning difficulties: a review of policy and practice
- Author:
- JACOBSON Jessica
- Publisher:
- Prison Reform Trust
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 48p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
Police safeguards for dealing with suspects with learning difficulties are “patchy and inconsistent”, according to new research. No One Knows: Police Responses to Suspects with Learning Disabilities and Learning Difficulties, a report published by the Prison Reform Trust (PRT) last week, noted an “increased risk of miscarriage of justice” when people with learning difficulties are taken into police custody. The report highlighted problems with inconsistent legal advice, lack of training amongst police staff and patchy provision of ‘Appropriate Adults’, which are in place to support and advise vulnerable people in custody. It said suspects’ needs are frequently not identified and that there is limited referral of suspects for clinical attention. The report is part of a wider PRT programme exploring the experiences of people with learning difficulties who come in contact with the criminal justice system. It recommended that PACE provisions be amended to place a duty on the police to provide legal advice for all suspects with learning difficulties during detention and interviews. It also called for ring-fenced funding for statutory provision of Appropriate Adults, and a common system across all police forces to screen suspects to identify people with learning difficulties.
Physical interventions: a policy framework
- Authors:
- HARRIS John, et al
- Publisher:
- British Institute of Learning Disabilities
- Publication year:
- 2008
- Pagination:
- 148p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Kidderminster
- Edition:
- 2nd ed.
Physical Interventions a Policy Framework, offers a framework for the development of policies relating to the use of physical interventions and outlined an appropriate values base. Real momentum was added to the development of a framework following information exposing the abusive treatment of people with learning disabilities in their own home. BILD has continued to develop the framework and was working on developing a Code of Practice for trainers in Physical Intervention.