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Additional support for individuals with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviors in regions of northwest Europe
- Authors:
- LUNENBORG Carolien B., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 8(2), June 2011, pp.92-103.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
About 10% of individuals with intellectual disability (ID) exhibit challenging behaviours. To support parents and care staff when they are unable to find a solution to overcome or reduce these behaviours, some countries provide additional professional support. In the Netherlands, 5 regional Centres for Consultation and Expertise (CCEs) offer supplemental support as part of their consultation programme. This study was undertaken to determine if additional professional support occurs in other regions of northwestern Europe and, if so, how was is organised. The regions which were looked at were Norway, Flanders, England, Wales, and the German regions of the Rhineland. Key informants in each region completed questionnaires about additional support services. The findings showed a diversity of approaches addressing additional support services. In most regions, there is no general formal policy on providing such support for individuals with ID, their parents, or care staff. Instead, either a range of local initiatives have been developed or there are no initiatives. In these instances, persons with ID or their carers have to rely on regular support services to address their mental health needs. The article concludes that organising additional support as part of a formal services will increase the likelihood that, when regular support has failed, individuals with ID or their carers will be able to obtain supports to find solutions for reducing problematic challenging behaviours.
Germany
- Authors:
- SCHADLER Johannes, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 9(1), January 2004, pp.15-23.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Provides an overview of the services provided for people with intellectual disabilities in Germany. Highlights the development pathways and specific historical experiences to help understand the development of services. Church welfare and powerful voluntary welfare organisations, traditional psychiatry and its 'oligophrenic' ideal, the division of state funding competencies into local and centralised levels and the commitments of a new generation of parents organised in the association Lebenshilfe were important factors for the development of the current structures. These can be characterised by the persistence of residential facilities, although it has been the legal mission of the social administration since 1984 to give priority to the expansion of non-residential services. Specific financial mechanisms promote institutionalisation from the perspective of the local authorities and impede the implementation of integrative approaches in the community. Covers: definition, legal status and eligibility; policy framework; service structures and funding of services.