Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Researching together
- Author:
- JOHNSON Kelley
- Journal article citation:
- Learning Disability Today, November 2008, pp.28-30.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
The author describes three examples of inclusive research with people with learning disabilities carried out in the Republic of Ireland. The examples show that real outcomes and valuable outcomes can be delivered. The projects involved services in rural Ireland; studying as a student at University and research around bullying and advocacy.
Pathways to participatory research in developing a tool to measure feelings
- Authors:
- BROOKS Michelle, DAVIES Stephanie
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 36(2), June 2008, pp.128-133.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This paper discusses the importance of involving people with a learning disability in the development of a psychological therapy outcome measure. Involvement needs to go beyond giving their views to being included in the whole research process. It is anticipated that such participatory research will help create a measurement tool that has greater meaning and validity for people with a learning disability. The authors are adapting clinical outcomes in routine evaluation – outcome measure (CORE-OM) Evans et al. (2000, J Ment Health, 9, 247), the dominant psychotherapy outcome measure in routine use in the UK, for this purpose. However the existing four domains of CORE-OM (well being, problems/symptoms, functioning and risk) do not address some of the issues and feelings that impact on the lives of people with a learning disability. This is presented as the ‘missing domain’ and it is the focus of this present research. This article examines some of the issues involved in the complex interrelationship between the process of research and the outcome of research.
Enhancing personal outcomes; organizational strategies, guidelines, and examples
- Authors:
- SCHALOCK Robert L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 5(4), December 2008, pp.276-285.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Education and rehabilitation programs in the field of intellectual disabilities are developing specific strategies related to demonstrated personal outcomes, quality of life (QOL)-related services and supports, evidence-based practices, and quality improvement. The purpose of this article is to summarize key aspects of these strategies within a two-component framework: the concept of QOL and systems thinking. Based on collective experiences and published literature, four specific strategies are presented and discussed: mental models, assessment, service delivery practices, and quality improvement (QI). Essential guidelines for the successful implementation of these strategies are then presented, along with an exemplary application of each strategy. Each example shows the significant role of the consumer, the organization, and the larger system in organizational change, QI, and the enhancement of personal outcomes.
Identification of personal factors that determine work outcome for adults with intellectual disability
- Authors:
- MARTORELL A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 52(12), December 2008, pp.1091-1101.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Access to employment for people with intellectual disability (ID) has become a social priority. The aim of the present study is to try to determine which variables [sociodemographic variables, intelligence quotient (IQ), presence or absence of a psychiatric disorder, functioning, self-determination, and behavioural problems] could most reliably account for access to remunerated employment of people with ID. Two groups of people with ID participated in this study: (1) 69 workers in a sheltered-employment programme; and (2) 110 clients of programmes in sheltered workshops. Both programmes were run by the Pardo-Valcarce Foundation in Madrid (Spain). The following variables were assessed for every participant: IQ, functioning, behavioural problems, self-determination and presence of psychiatric symptoms. A binary logistic regression analysis was carried out in order to identify the variables that best explained work outcome (sheltered workshop programme vs. sheltered employment programme). Although IQ showed no significant differences between the two groups of participants, the remaining variables did: behavioural problems, functioning, psychiatric symptoms and self-determination significantly explained work outcome. As for sociodemographic variables, whereas gender did not show any significant relationship with the labour status of the participants, significant differences were found when considering variables such as age and pension benefits. All the main variables considered, except IQ, turned out to be significant. The apparently show that both personal and social efforts can help individuals to overcome their low intellectual functioning in order to achieve access to employment. Such study highlights the importance of a prior psychopathological evaluation and efforts to enhance self-determination in order to improve work inclusion for people with ID.
Failing to plan is planning to fail: out-of-area placements for people with learning disabilities
- Author:
- ALLEN David
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Learning Disabilities, 2(3), September 2008, pp.3-6.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Being placed in out-of-area services can be one of the most significant forms of transition experience by people with learning disabilities. This paper reviews the extent of such provision, identifies who is most at risk of being placed out of area, briefly explores the effects of such placement and concludes with a discussion of possible strategic solutions.
Learning disability policy in the UK
- Authors:
- WHITEHEAD Simon, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 13(3), October 2008, pp.4-11.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This article provides separate, but linked, overviews of learning disability policy in the four countries of the UK, commenting on current policy and its links to the wider policy agenda, delivery strategies and challenges for the future.
Hospitalisation for cancer and co-morbidities among people with learning disability in Australia
- Authors:
- SULLIVAN Sheena G., HUSSAIN Rafat
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 36(3), September 2008, pp.191-197.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
In Australia, general health and medical services are subsidised by the government. This includes care for people with disabilities, screening and diagnostic services for common diseases, including cancer, and care and treatment for various medical conditions. In Western Australia, the majority of state-provided health services are well documented in linkable databases. Data from a large cohort of people receiving services for learning disability from the state were examined and this was linked with the state cancer registry and hospital records. While people with learning disability appear to be at similar risk for cancer, they may have poorer treatment outcomes as they already experience a range of health conditions which can exacerbate medical complications associated with treatment and/or other primary or secondary co-morbid conditions. The results show that the mean number of hospital admissions were higher for the cancer group, even when adjustments were made for conditions such as childhood leukaemia and renal dialysis both of which often require frequent hospitalisations. Multivariate regression analyses showed that younger age, female sex and severe or unspecified level of disability were significant contributors to the frequency of hospital admissions. Qualitative information gleaned from detailed chart reviews showed that in addition to considerable morbidity, some patients were admitted repeatedly either because of lack of supportive environments and/or lack of compliance with treatment. Issues in providing appropriate support services for individuals and their carers are discussed.
It's still your life!
- Authors:
- SPEAKUP SELF ADVOCACY, BUBBLE MEDIA, (Producers)
- Publisher:
- Speakup Self Advocacy
- Publication year:
- 2008
- Pagination:
- DVD
- Place of publication:
- Rotherham
This DVD explains the most popular tools used to help people make a Person Centred Plan. These are MAP, PATH, Health Action and Essential Lifestyle Planning This is Alison. A few years ago she was very unhappy with her life and thought there were lots of things she wanted to do but couldn’t. A friend of hers told her about Person Centred Planning, which helps people to plan their life and do the things they really want to do. It also helps you work our how you are going to do these things and what support you might need to do them. She then met with someone she trusted to help her plan her dreams and make a plan called a "lifeplan".
Women with intellectual disability at risk of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes
- Authors:
- McDONNELL D., MAYES R., LLEWELLYN G.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 52(6), June 2008, pp.529-535.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
A total of 878 pregnant women attending their first antenatal clinic visit in and area of New South Wales, Australia were ‘screened’ for intellectual disability (ID). Pregnancy and birth outcomes data were extracted from medical records post-partum. These data included pregnancy-related health conditions, including pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes, and birth outcomes, including gestational age, birthweight, Apgar score and admission to neonatal intensive care and/or special care nursery. A total of 57 (6.5%) pregnant women with ID and/or self-reported learning difficulties were identified. These women experienced an unusually high rate of pre-eclampsia. Their children more often had low birthweights, and they were more frequently admitted to neonatal intensive care or special care nursery. Further research is needed to understand the reasons for the adverse findings of this study and identify potentially changeable factors contributing to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes for women with ID and/or self-reported learning difficulties and their children. To ensure quality antenatal care, health professionals may need to consider innovations such as extended consultation times, communication aids and audio-taping consultations.
Feelings about work: a review of the socio-emotional impact of supported employment on people with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- JAHODA Andrew, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 21(1), January 2008, pp.1-18.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
In order to consider the impact of supported employment on the socio-emotional well-being of people with intellectual disabilities a systematic search was conducted. The review included case-controlled and longitudinal studies measuring outcomes for: (1) quality of life (QOL), (2) social life and (3) autonomy. While results for QOL, well-being and autonomy were largely positive, there was a lack of perceived social acceptance. The findings are interpreted in the light of methodological strengths and weaknesses. Implications for the socio-emotional support required by some individuals in employment, and directions for future research are discussed.