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An evaluation of outcomes for service users with an intellectual disability admitted to an assessment and treatment unit
- Authors:
- DAVIES Bronwen, JOSHAM Scarlett, FRANCIS Nicky
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 25(4), 2021, pp.441-448.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
This service evaluation comprised pre- and post measures with service users and their carers on admission to and discharge from an assessment and treatment (A&T) unit. The Behaviour Problems Inventory (BPI), Psychiatric Assessment Scale for Adults with Developmental Disabilities Checklist–Revised (PASSAD) and World Health Organisations Quality of Life Scale (WHO-QOL 8; adapted for people with intellectual disabilities) were used to evaluate outcomes of their admission to the unit. Significant improvements were found after admission in relation to behaviour that challenges (measured by the BPI), mental health symptoms (measured by the PASSAD) and quality of life (measured by the WHO-QOL). The importance of completing outcome measures as feedback for the service user, team and wider service managers are discussed, but also in this political context when the role of A&T units are being questioned, the importance of showing good practice and clinical outcomes for individuals. (Edited publisher abstract)
Outcomes for disabled service users
- Authors:
- HARRIS Jennifer, et al
- Publisher:
- University of York. Social Policy Research Unit
- Publication year:
- 2004
- Pagination:
- 90p.
- Place of publication:
- York
Social service provision to younger disabled people is not often at the forefront of policy debate. However, the Government recognises the distinct contribution that disabled people make to the economy and the waste of potential that ensues when key services do not assist them. Often the type of assistance that younger disabled people require needs to be more flexible, or of a different type, than that offered by social services. For example, people may require assistance with making decisions concerning work, both paid and voluntary, or in parenting. This study explored ways of incorporating these and other types of assistance into assessment processes. In the study these were called ‘outcomes’ and they were incorporated into new assessment documents for use by a multi-disciplinary team of professionals.
Developing an easy read version of the Adult Social Care Outcomes Toolkit (ASCOT)
- Authors:
- TURNPENNY Agnes, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 31(1), 2018, pp.e36-e48.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: This study reports the experiences of developing and pre-testing an Easy Read version of the Adult Social Care Outcomes Toolkit (ASCOT) for self-report by people with intellectual disabilities. Methods: The study has combined survey development and pre-testing methods with approaches to create accessible information for people with intellectual disabilities. A working group assisted researchers in identifying appropriate question formats, pictures and wording. Focus groups and cognitive interviews were conducted to test various iterations of the instrument. Results: Substantial changes were made to the questionnaire, which included changes to illustrations, the wording of question stems and response options. Conclusions: The process demonstrated the benefits of involving people with intellectual disabilities in the design and testing of data collection instruments. Adequately adapted questionnaires can be useful tools to collect information from people with intellectual disabilities in survey research; however, its limitations must be recognised. (Edited publisher abstract)
Developing and piloting the QOMID – quality outcome measure for individuals with intellectual disabilities and dementia
- Authors:
- DODD Karen, BUSH Alick, LIVESEY Alexandra
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 9(6), 2015, pp.298-311.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Outcome measurement is a key priority for services. There are no papers on specific overall quality outcome measures for people with intellectual disabilities who have dementia. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and piloting of a new measure. Design/methodology/approach: A process was developed to measure quality outcomes across all stages of dementia. The reliability of the tool was measured using Cronbach’s α coefficients, along with data about its clinical utility. Findings: The QOMID has good reliability, face validity and internal reliability suggesting that all domains contribute equally towards the construct of quality outcome. An exploratory factor analysis revealed that there may be four or five sub-factors within the QOMID, The clinical utility of the assessment tool was explored and it can be concluded that the QOMID is simple, fairly quick and effective. Research limitations/implications: The scale has good psychometric properties and the initial parameters for the QOMID were met. Further exploration of factors needs to be considered with a larger sample of participants. Practical implications: The scale was liked by assessors and gives a practical tool that can both measure the quality outcome for people at each stage of their dementia, and help to develop more effective care plans. Originality/value: This is the first measure to look at quality outcomes for people with intellectual disabilities and dementia and which takes a staged approach. (Publisher abstract)
Early intervention for children with learning disabilities whose behaviours challenge
- Authors:
- COOPER Vivien, et al
- Publisher:
- Challenging Behaviour Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2014
- Pagination:
- 15
- Place of publication:
- Chatham
Drawing on evidence from systematic reviews, meta analyses, narrative reviews, primary research and national data collections, this narrative review sets out the available evidence around early intervention approaches for children with learning disabilities whose behaviours challenge. It identifies the following early interventions: early behavioural interventions; training and support for families; early identification and rapid response; and positive behavioural support. It also recommends key areas of action to help commissioners proactively target resources to deliver good outcomes. The report from part of the Early Intervention Project, delivered in partnership by the Challenging Behaviour Foundation and the Council for Disabled Children. Key messages (Edited publisher abstract)
Assessment and treatment of challenging behaviour for individuals with intellectual disability: a research review
- Authors:
- LLOYD Blair P., KENNEDY Craig H.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 27(3), 2014, pp.187-199.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Challenging behaviour is frequently associated with the presence of intellectual disability. If not effectively treated, chronic challenging behaviour can negatively impact a variety of quality of life outcomes for individuals with intellectual disability. Methods and Results: The authors review the current status of research relating to the assessment and treatment of challenging behaviour for people with intellectual disability. The history of interventions for challenging behaviour that led to the development of function-based approaches widely in use today are briefly reviewed. The authors then discuss the various operant functions of challenging behaviour, functional behaviour assessment technologies and reinforcement-based interventions. Conclusions: The authors conclude with a discussion of future directions that include models of prevention, ecological validity of assessment procedures and the widespread use of comprehensive behavioural support programmes. (Edited publisher abstract)
Evaluation toolkit for providers: an assessment tool and action plan for organisations to improve the quality of life for people with learning disabilities as they grow older
- Author:
- TOWERS Christine
- Publisher:
- Foundation for People with Learning Disabilities
- Publication year:
- 2014
- Pagination:
- 34
- Place of publication:
- London
This evaluation toolkit is to help provider organisations to improve the quality of support for people with learning disabilities as they grow older. It aims to enable providers to understand the values, knowledge and skills that need to be in place to support people as they grow older so that their lives are as happy, healthy and fulfilling as possible and draw up and deliver an action plan to improve the support provided to people as they grow older. It uses the 8 outcomes from the Association for Real Change 'Real Change Challenge on Older People'. It provides indicators for each of the eight outcome that providers can use to assess themselves against using a traffic light system (red, amber and green). The toolkit suggests resources to help achieve each outcome. There is also a template for developing an action plan to help organisations implement the necessary changes. (Edited publisher abstract)
Enhancing personal outcomes; organizational strategies, guidelines, and examples
- Authors:
- SCHALOCK Robert L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 5(4), December 2008, pp.276-285.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Education and rehabilitation programs in the field of intellectual disabilities are developing specific strategies related to demonstrated personal outcomes, quality of life (QOL)-related services and supports, evidence-based practices, and quality improvement. The purpose of this article is to summarize key aspects of these strategies within a two-component framework: the concept of QOL and systems thinking. Based on collective experiences and published literature, four specific strategies are presented and discussed: mental models, assessment, service delivery practices, and quality improvement (QI). Essential guidelines for the successful implementation of these strategies are then presented, along with an exemplary application of each strategy. Each example shows the significant role of the consumer, the organization, and the larger system in organizational change, QI, and the enhancement of personal outcomes.
Duration of stay and outcome for inpatients on an basement ward for elderly patients with cognitive impairment
- Authors:
- BALL Sue, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Quality in Ageing, 5(2), October 2004, pp.12-20.
- Publisher:
- Pier Professional
- Place of publication:
- Brighton
Reports a prospective study of a consecutive group of 101 patients who died on or were discharged from an acute assessment ward for elderly patients with cognitive impairment. Clinical characteristics were recorded according to an in-patient dementia care pathway, including mini-MOUSEPAD, Crichton activities of daily living, Mini-Mental State Examination and the Burvill physical health score evaluations. Outcome measures were duration of stay, destination on discharge or death on the ward. Mean duration of stay was 7.9 weeks. Self-funding status and lack of behaviourial and psychological complications were associated with reduced duration of. Discharge home was strongly predicted by having a spouse at home, and the need for nursing home other than residential care was related to severity of cognitive impairment. Concludes that patients can expect to stay in hospital for 8 weeks but 2 areas of concern are highlighted: the importance of community rehabilitation funding for patients with memory disorders and the importance of a spouse at home to look after the patient.
Sex offenders with an intellectual disability
- Authors:
- LAMBRICK Frank, GLASER William
- Journal article citation:
- Sexual Abuse a Journal of Research and Treatment, 16(4), October 2004, pp.381-392.
- Publisher:
- Sage
It is only in recent years that the myth of the incorrigible and untreatable sex offender with an intellectual disability has been seriously questioned. Current assessment and treatment approaches in this area assume that such offenders are accountable for their actions and treatable with appropriately modified techniques. Even though they may be initially hard to engage in the assessment and treatment process, the use of simplified approaches that support the day-to-day reinforcement of treatment concepts is proving to be effective with this population.