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Normalisation and 'normal' ageing: the social construction of dependency among older people with learning difficulties
- Authors:
- WALKER Alan, WALKER Carol
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 13(1), February 1998, pp.125-142.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This article discusses the new phenomenon of the survival into old age of the increasing numbers of people with learning difficulties. This raises both theoretical and practical policy issues. Argues that the concept of normalisation is flawed when applied to older people. The alternative of social integration is proposed as the basis for organising health and social services for both older people and those with learning difficulties.
Older people with learning difficulties leaving institutional care - a case of double jeopardy
- Authors:
- WALKER Alan, WALKER Carol, RYAN Tony
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 16(2), March 1996, pp.125-150.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
People with learning difficulties are now surviving into old age and more and more of them are being resettled from long-stay hospitals. This article examines some of the key barriers facing, and dilemmas involved in, the provision of community-based services to this newly emerging user group. Recent field research on older people with learning difficulties who have been resettled into the community is used to illustrate the challenges facing service providers. Particular reference is made to the impact of age discrimination and traditional differences between service specialisms. Shows that both official definitions of need in old age and the aspirations of the service responses to those needs have been artificially constructed in very narrow terms, especially when compared with the principled approach to service provision for younger people with learning difficulties.
Fair shares for all: disparities in service provision for different groups of people with learning difficulties living in the community
- Authors:
- WALKER Carol, RYAN Tony, WALKER Alan
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Publication year:
- 1996
- Pagination:
- 87p.,tables.
- Place of publication:
- Brighton
Examines the interaction between the formal service sector and three groups of people with learning difficulties: those resettled from long-stay hospitals; those resettled within the community from hostels or the family home; and those living with their families. Finds that funding arrangements and traditional service provider categories work against the provision of a combined service for all people with learning difficulties, and that people living with their families and older people are particularly vulnerable under current arrangements.
Age or disability? Age-based disparities in service provision for older people with intellectual disabilities in Great Britain
- Authors:
- WALKER Alan, WALKER Carol
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 23(1), March 1998, pp.25-39.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This article concentrates on the role of service providers in prescribing artificial limits to the potential of older people with intellectual disabilities. Argues that the key factor in this social creation of dependency is the age discriminatory attitudes held by some service providers and which distinguish between the different British service cultures in provision for older people and those for people with an intellectual disability. Thus the behaviour of care staff and the assumptions implicit in social policies can result in practices which reinforce dependency rather than empowerment.
Uncertain futures: people with learning difficulties and their ageing family carers
- Authors:
- WALKER Carol, WALKER Alan
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Publication year:
- 1998
- Pagination:
- 60p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Brighton
Provides an overview of research, policy and practice relating to service responses to adults with learning difficulties living at home with older family carers. Highlights issues raised by service users, carers and service providers and finds a broad consensus on what is wrong and what needs to be done. Argues that future needs of this group of people are predictable and that there is an urgent need for service providers to work with families to provide the necessary and planning which will replace uncertain futures with security and peace of mind.