Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Difficulties of care-work reconciliation: employed and nonemployed mothers of children with intellectual disability
- Authors:
- CHOU Yueh-Ching, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 37(3), September 2012, pp.260-268.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Compared to the normal, but temporary, demands of child care that most mothers face, caring for a child with learning disabilities may lead to a very different experience in care and work reconciliation. This study investigated the differences in experience between these two groups. A survey was conducted in a county in Taiwan and 487 mothers, aged 65 or less. Except for the common ground of mothers' health and care demands, findings revealed that work flexibility and care support were important for employed mothers. In contrast, the success of reconciliation for non-employed mothers was determined by their individual characteristics such as age, marital status, and family income. The authors concluded that reconciliation policies for mothers with different employment statuses need to use different strategies. Implications for practice are discussed.
Caring for a daughter with intellectual disabilities in managing menstruation: a mother's perspective
- Authors:
- CHOU Yueh-Ching, LU Zxy-Yann Jane
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 37(1), March 2012, pp.1-10.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Parents and carers of women with intellectual disability (ID) may encounter difficulties when dealing with menstruation management. The focus of research in this area has been largely on reducing family carer burden by preventing menstruation through the use of menstrual suppression medication or surgery. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore mothers' experiences and perceptions of managing their daughters' menstruation. Twelve Taiwanese mothers of 13 daughters with ID were interviewed to explore their experiences of providing help to their daughters with high support needs during menstruation. All the mothers reported that their daughters needed complete menstrual assistance. Support networks were limited and mothers developed their own strategies for managing their daughter's menstruation. Surgical hysterectomy or use of medication to cease or postpone menstrual bleeding was never considered. The financial cost of menstrual pads and nappies was significant. The article concludes that both an appropriate allowance for families involved in the menstrual care of women with ID and access to appropriate support are needed. More information and educational programmes need to be provided to relevant professionals and carers.
Influences on mothers' employment when children have disabilities
- Authors:
- GORDON Meg, CUSKELLY Monica, ROSENMAN Linda
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 5(3), September 2008, pp.203-210.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Empirical research has highlighted the constraints on mothers' workforce participation when children have disabilities, but the policies and associated strategies needed to address these issues have received less attention. Greater attention to explanatory theory and associated research is needed. The authors' paper identifies major explanatory concepts in studies of women's workforce participation, and examines the extent to which these have been tested in studying the workforce participation of mothers of children with disabilities. They also identify constructs and empirical research findings from the latter body of research that have implications for theories of all women's workforce participation. The analysis demonstrates that there are many potentially relevant constructs from theories of women's workforce participation that have not been applied to studies of mothers of children with disabilities. Similarly, some findings about the influence of disability-related factors on mothers' workforce participation have implications for operational constructs associated with theories of women's workforce participation. The authors' examination of theoretical frameworks and empirical research underscored the importance of exchange and cross-fertilization of ideas between disability-oriented research and that concerned with women's labour force participation.
Parenting children with and without developmental delay: the role of self-mastery
- Authors:
- PACZKOWSKI E., BAKER B.L.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 51(6), June 2007, pp.435-446.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
While parenting behaviours have direct effects on children’s behavioural outcomes, other, more distal factors also may be shaping the way a mother handles parenting responsibilities. Children with developmental delays evidence elevated clinical level behaviour problems, so this group is of primary interest in the search for precursors to psychopathology. The present study examined how the maternal dispositional trait of self-mastery, as well as supportive and non-supportive parenting, relate to behaviour problems in young children with and without developmental delay. Participants were 225 families, drawn from Central Pennsylvania and Southern California. The children, all aged 4 years, were classified as delayed (n = 97) or non-delayed (n = 128). The Self-Mastery Scale measured perceived level of control over life events. The Coping with Children’s Negative Emotions Scale measured different ways parents perceive themselves as reacting to their children’s distress and negative affect. The Child Behavior Checklist assessed children’s behaviour problems. Delayed condition mothers reported significantly more child behaviour problems than non-delayed condition mothers; the two conditions did not differ in self-mastery, supportive parenting, or non-supportive parenting. Self-mastery, non- supportive parenting reactions, and child behaviour problems all related significantly to one another. For the sample as a whole and within the delayed condition, the association between self-mastery and child behaviour problems was partially mediated by non-supportive parenting reactions, although self-mastery was still significantly associated with problem behaviour. In the non-delayed condition, although significant relationships also were found among the variables of interest, non-supportive parenting did not have a significant main or mediation effect. Delay status moderated the relationship between negative parenting reactions and child behaviour problems, assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist Total and Internalizing scores. When mothers displayed low levels of non-supportive reactions, children in the delayed and non-delayed groups had similar levels of total problem behaviour. However, when mothers were medium or high in non-supportive reactions, children in the delayed group had much higher levels of problem behaviours than those in the non-delayed group. The findings support the view that parenting behaviours have a greater impact on children at developmental risk.
Caregiving perceptions of Chinese mothers of children with intellectual disability in Hong Kong
- Authors:
- MAK Winnie W.S., HO Gladys S.M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 20(2), March 2007, pp.145-156.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
In this study, the authors tested the effects of three different coping strategies (i.e. problem-focused, emotion-focused and relationship-focused coping) on both positive and negative caregiving perceptions. Two hundred and twelve Chinese mothers of children with intellectual disability from a major non-governmental organization were recruited across various districts in Hong Kong. Chinese versions of the Daily Caregiving Stress Scale, Modified Family Support Scale, COPE Inventory, Relationship-Focused Coping Scale, Caregiver Burden Inventory, and subscales of the Kansas Inventory of Parental Perceptions were completed. Findings of the hierarchical regression analyses indicated that whereas problem-focused and emotion-focused coping was differentially related to positive and negative perceptions, respectively, relationship-focused coping was significantly related to both types of perceptions. Results of the relationship between positive and negative perceptions showed preliminary support for their orthogonality. Relationship-focused coping was found to be more suitable for understanding caregiver perceptions within collectivistic cultures. Implications for professional services were discussed.
Project parenting: child interactional training with mothers who are mentally handicapped
- Authors:
- TYMCHUK Alexander J., ANDRON Linda
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Handicap Research, 5(1), 1992, pp.4-32.
- Publisher:
- BIMH Publications
Reports on a study of the behaviour of mothers with learning disabilities towards their children and the results of training them in positive interaction.
Mothers with mental retardation who do or do not abuse or neglect their children
- Authors:
- TYMCHUK A.J., ANDRON L.
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 14(3), 1990, pp.313-323.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Reports on a study comparing mothers with or without a history of abusing or neglecting their children, and the reasons why the child was or was not removed.
Mothering differently: narratives of mothers with intellectual disability whose children have been compulsorily removed
- Authors:
- MAYES Rachel, LLEWELLYN Gwynnyth
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 37(2), June 2012, pp.121-130.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
In Australia parents with intellectual disability are significantly more likely to have their children removed than parents with other disabilities. This qualitative study aimed to explore and describe the daily life narratives of 7 mothers with intellectual disability following the involuntary removal of their children. Participants were recruited through a family support service for parents with intellectual disability whose children had been removed through statutory child protection proceedings. Narratives were gathered through semi-structured in-depth interviews about experiences prior to and following removal of the child or children. The 7 mothers had experienced child removal on 14 separate occasions. The article reports on the multiple and varied stories of the mothers, with illustrative examples from the interviews, covering the 3 distinct narratives identified: "living as the mother I am", "living as the mother I should be", and "not feeling like a mother any more". The authors discuss the findings and their implications
Assessment of functional caregiving in homes with a child with an intellectual disability
- Authors:
- BEZRUCZKO Nikolaus, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 8(3), September 2011, pp.207-216.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study examined the nature of assessing functional caregiving (FC) by measuring mothers' confidence to care for children with intellectual disabilities in their homes. Rating scale items were developed to survey mothers' caregiving confidence. Participants include 201 mothers of children with an intellectual disability from the urban and suburban greater Chicago metropolitan area. Analysis of task difficulties on components defined by FC domains was consistent with an ecological model. Task hierarchy was also found to be consistent with humanistic psychology principles. When FC measurement properties were compared between suburban and urban mothers, as well as mothers of educationally at risk and special needs children, psychometric reliability was high. In general, mothers' self-confidence measures were valid and reliable, but noted future studies are needed to link FC measures directly to competency and home caregiving quality. The authors concluded that future research should explore replication of core items across other disabilities and chronic diseases, as well as applicability to caregiving standards.
Accentuate the positive to mitigate the negative: mother psychological coping resources and family adjustment in childhood disability
- Author:
- TRUTE Barry
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 35(1), March 2010, pp.36-43.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study examined mothers' cognitive appraisal of the family impact of childhood disability and their positive affect as a psychological coping resource. Telephone interviews were held with 195 mothers of children with intellectual and developmental disability, in Alberta, Canada. Findings, via regression modelling, revealed that 35% of the variance in family adjustment was explained by mothers' positive cognitive appraisal of family impacts of childhood disability and by their positivity (ratio of positive to negative affect). After controlling for positivity, negative cognitive appraisal of family impacts of childhood disability was not significant. Family adjustment to childhood disability was associated with elements of strength in mothers' psychological coping – especially their ability to perceive positive family consequences of childhood disability and to maintain higher proportions of positive emotion in their daily activities. The author concluded that the results of this study provide support for the broaden-and-build theory to explain the role of positivity in mothers' coping and adjustment to childhood disability.