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This far, yet how much further? Reflections on the allure of the mainstream for people with intellectual disabilities and mental health needs
- Author:
- FLYNN Andrew
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 4(4), December 2010, pp.9-14.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This article provides a reflection on the current status of mental health services for people with intellectual disabilities against the historical and philosophical trend towards ‘mainstreamed’ services for this group of people. Present day services for people with intellectual disabilities would be barely recognisable to clinicians working half a century ago. Firstly, there was the closure of the institution-like hospitals as part of a general reorientation within psychiatry from the asylum to the community. Secondly, there has been a push towards incorporating people with intellectual disabilities in ‘mainstream’ services. This principle of ‘normalisation’ sits at the heart of health and social policy in the UK for people with learning disabilities. Despite this, psychiatry has retained learning disability as a distinct area of specialism. This article asks whether separate mental health of intellectual disability (MHID) services offer something that really cannot be met by mainstream services, providing arguments for their continued existence as a separate specialist entity within the field of psychiatry.
Mental health services for people with intellectual disability in Ireland: evidence, barriers and opportunities
- Authors:
- RAMSAY Hugh, DODD Philip
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 12(3-4), 2018, pp.105-113.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to outline the historical background and policy context of mental health services for people with intellectual disability (ID) in Ireland. It then considers recent implementation and lessons from the Irish experience. Design/methodology/approach: The policy background and research literature relevant to the development of mental health services for people with ID in Ireland was reviewed and discussed. Findings: Mental health services in Ireland remain in a state of change, moving towards the implementation of specialist multi-disciplinary teams in the community, alongside previous models of care and service. Research limitations/implications: This paper summarises recent advances and research regarding mental health services for people with ID in Ireland. Practical implications: The paper illustrates the process of delivering changes to mental health services with practical implications for mental health services internationally. Originality/value: This is the first paper in many years to summarise the development of mental health services for people with ID in Ireland. There has been considerable recent change and it is therefore important to provide a useful reference for the current status of services. (Edited publisher abstract)
Dual diagnosis public policy in a federal system: the Canadian experience
- Authors:
- GOUGH Heather, MORRIS Susan
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 9(3), September 2012, pp.166-174.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This article defines dual diagnosis as having both mental health needs and developmental disabilities. Individuals with dual diagnosis can have significant problems accessing appropriate and integrated care. Regional or national public policy is necessary for establishing effective mental health services for these individuals. The aim of this research was to review provincial/territorial statutes and regulations related to developmental disabilities and mental health/illness within the context of Canadian federal and national policy. A legislative scan was performed, encompassing statutes and regulations, followed by a search of government ministerial Web sites to identify policy. In addition, relevant persons within ministries were contacted for clarification and further information. The findings indicate that no province or territory within Canada currently has legislation regarding dual diagnosis; 4 have policies addressing dual diagnosis care. Some policies exclude people with disabilities from qualifying as having a psychiatric disorder, and some policies exclude people with certain types of psychiatric disorders. The patchwork of regional legislation and policy in Canada suggests that dual diagnosis care would be better facilitated if rights to such were enshrined within legislation.
Comparison of adults with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems admitted to specialist and generic inpatient units
- Authors:
- HEMMINGS C.P., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 37(2), June 2009, pp.123-128.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study aimed to compare the characteristics of service users with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems admitted to either a specialist or a generic inpatient unit in an area of South London. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of consecutive admissions over a 5.5-year period were recorded using a questionnaire. Key differences in psychiatric diagnosis, residence type and discharge destination were found between individuals using generic and specialist provision. Length of stay was significantly longer for specialist unit admissions. Admissions to the specialist unit were significantly more likely to reside with family prior to admission and admissions to generic units were significantly more likely to come from 'other' forms of residence such as hostels, prison and 'no fixed abode'. At discharge the proportion of those admitted to the specialist unit who resided with their families reduced. At the same time the proportion of those living in supported accommodation increased although compared with those admitted to generic units they were still significantly more likely to return to the family home. Significantly, more adults admitted to generic units were diagnosed with an affective disorder. Specialist inpatient provision may be crucial in helping mainstream services meet the needs of individuals with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems.
Primary care and mental health needs
- Author:
- BROOKS David
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 6(3), July 2001, pp.31-35.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
There is evidence that the mental health needs of people with learning disabilities are not adequately met. Primary health care is seen as the way forward to ensure full consideration of psychosocial factors in the promotion of health care. This article explores how this evidence is being translated through professional and national policy initiatives into innovative mental health of learning disability services that build bridges between primary and specialist services and ensure a comprehensive strategy to meet the mental health needs of people with learning disabilities.
Different strokes
- Author:
- McCURRY Patrick
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 20.5.99, 1999, p.26.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Reports on worries over merging mental health and learning difficulties services.
Think local act vocal
- Authors:
- HOPKINSON Patrick, POLLOCK Linda, COYLE David
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Care, 1(7), March 1998, pp.220-221.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
The NHS white papers for England, Wales and Scotland herald a completely new framework for the organisation and delivery of health care services. Commentators from the field outline the main points, and analyse the implications for mental health and learning disabilities services.
From strength to strength: report on the first two years of the Mental Health Act Commission service user involvement strategy
- Author:
- SIBLEY Rose
- Publisher:
- Stationery Office
- Publication year:
- 2008
- Pagination:
- 22p.
- Place of publication:
- London
The Mental Health Act Commission has adopted the mission statement, 'safeguarding the interests of all people detained under the Mental Health Act'. The Commission's remit is to keep under review the operation of the Mental Health Act 1983 as it relates to detained patients, and to meet with and interview detained patients in private. In furtherance of this remit, the Commission visits mental health service providers regularly in order to check the legality of detention. In addition to the visiting programme, the Commission provides important safeguards to patients who lack capacity or refuse consent to treatment, through the Second Opinion Appointed Doctor Service. In all its work the Commission places an emphasis on equality and human rights.
Clinical governance
- Authors:
- LOVELL Karina, RICHARDS David
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Care, 2(5), January 1999, pp.178-180.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
Introducing a new bi-monthly series of clinical updates on mental health and learning disabilities policy and practice. The authors explain clinical governance and its implications for mental health services.