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Variation in rates of inpatient admissions and lengths of stay experienced by adults with learning disabilities in England
- Authors:
- JAMES Elaine, HATTON Chris, BROWN Mark
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 22(4), 2017, pp.211-217.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyse rates of inpatient admissions for people with learning disabilities in England and to identify factors associated with higher rates of inpatient admission. Design/methodology/approach: Secondary analysis of data submitted as part of the Transforming Care programme in England. Findings: 2,510 people with learning disabilities in England were inpatients on 31st March 2016. Findings indicate that people with learning disabilities are at risk of higher rate of inpatient admission than can be explained by prevalence within the general population; this risk may be associated with areas where there are higher numbers of inpatient settings which provide assessment and treatment for people with learning disabilities. Research limitations/implications: Variability in the quality of the data submitted by commissioners across the 48 Transforming Care Plan areas mean that greater attention needs to be paid to determining the validity of the common reporting method. This would improve the quality of data and insight from any future analysis. Practical implications: The study’s findings are consistent with the hypothesis that geographical variations in the risk of people with learning disabilities being admitted to inpatient services are not consistent with variations in prevalence rates for learning disability. The findings support the hypothesis that building alternatives to inpatient units should impact positively on the numbers of learning disabled people who are able to live independent lives. Originality/value: This is the first study which examines the data which commissioners in England have reported to NHS England on the experience of people with learning disabilities who are admitted as inpatients and to report on the possible factors which result in higher rates of inpatient admission. (Publisher abstract)
The mental health of British adults with intellectual impairments living in general households
- Authors:
- HATTON Chris, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 30(1), 2017, pp.188-197.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: People with intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning may have poorer mental health than their peers. The present authors sought to (i) estimate the risk of poorer mental health among British adults with and without intellectual impairments and (ii) estimate the extent to which any between-group differences in mental health may reflect between-group differences in rates of exposure to common social determinants of poorer health. Materials and Methods: The present authors undertook secondary analysis of confidentialised unit records collected in Wave 3 of Understanding Society. Results: British adults with intellectual impairments living in general households are at significantly increased risk of potential mental health problems than their non-disabled peers (e.g. GHQ Caseness OR = 1.77, 95% CI (1.25–2.52), P < 0.001). Adjusting for between-group differences in age, gender and indicators of socio-economic position eliminated this increased risk [GHQ Caseness adjusted OR = 1.06, 95% CI (0.73–1.52), n.s]. Conclusions: The authors' analyses are consistent with the hypothesis that the increased risk of poor mental health among people with intellectual impairments may be attributable to their poorer living conditions rather than their intellectual impairments per se. Greater attention should be given to understanding and addressing the impact of exposure to common social determinants of mental health among marginalised or vulnerable groups. (Edited publisher abstract)
The mental health of adolescents with and without mild/moderate intellectual disabilities in England: secondary analysis of a longitudinal cohort study
- Authors:
- HATTON Chris, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 31(5), 2018, pp.768-777.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Children with mild/moderate intellectual disabilities are at greater risk for mental health problems, with socio‐economic factors and adversity partly accounting for this. Fewer data are available for adolescents. Methods: Secondary analysis was undertaken of the Next Steps annual panel study following a cohort through adolescence into adulthood containing self‐report mental health data up to age 16/17. Participants with mild/moderate intellectual disabilities were identified through data linkage with educational records. Results: Adolescents with mild/moderate intellectual disabilities were more likely than non‐disabled peers to experience socio‐economic disadvantage and bullying. Incidence rates of mental health problems were generally not significantly different between adolescents with and without intellectual disabilities. Conclusions: These findings are consistent with higher rates of persistent mental health problems beginning earlier among children with intellectual disabilities. Greater attention needs to be paid to the timecourse of mental health problems, and the impact of socio‐economic factors, family and peers on mental health. (Edited publisher abstract)
Reducing the risks
- Authors:
- EMERSON Eric, HATTON Chris
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Today, May 2007, pp.23-25.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
This article reports on research which used combined data from the 1999 ONS survey of the mental health of children and adolescents in Great Britain and a second survey in 2004 to investigate: the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among children and adolescents with learning disabilities in Great Britain; the extent to which learning disabilities represent a risk factor for psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents; the extent to which risk factors for psychiatric disorder within the population of children and adolescents with learning disabilities correspond to those within the general child and adolescent population; and the support available to families with a child with learning disabilities and psychiatric disorders. The results found that poverty and social exclusion puts children and young people with learning disabilities at far greater risk of mental health problems.
Psychosocial interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems: A review
- Author:
- HATTON Chris
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 11(4), August 2002, pp.357-373.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
This article briefly reviews existing evidence concerning psychosocial interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems. Research evidence concerning the epidemiology of mental health problems in adults with intellectual disabilities is discussed, focusing on issues in the reliable and valid identification of mental health problems in this user group and the results of prevalence studies. Current evidence concerning the use and effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for people with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems is then outlined. Particular attention is paid to cognitive-behavioural interventions. Finally, issues concerned with adapting psychosocial interventions for people with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems are discussed.