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Deprivation of liberty applications concerning people with learning disabilities in England: trends over time and geographical variation
- Author:
- HATTON Chris
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 22(3), 2017, pp.177-183.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyse trends over time and geographical variation in Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards (DoLS) applications for adults with learning disabilities. Design/methodology/approach: Secondary analysis of national- and local authority-level statistics collected and reported by NHS Digital. Findings: There has been a sharp national increase in the number of completed and granted DoLS applications regarding adults with learning disabilities since the 2014 “Cheshire West” Supreme Court judgement, with a greater proportion of completed DoLS applications being granted. There is extreme geographical variation across local authorities in England in the rates at which DoLS applications are being made and granted. Practical implications: The extreme variation in DoLS applications regarding adults with learning disabilities is highly unlikely to be a function of differences in mental capacity and living circumstances experienced by adults with learning disabilities across local authorities, and urgent attention needs to be paid to this variation. Originality/value: This is the first paper to analyse the geographical variation at local authority level for completed and granted DoLS applications regarding adults with learning disabilities. (Publisher abstract)
What do Joint Strategic Needs Assessments tell us about people with learning disabilities in England?
- Authors:
- BAINES Susannah, HATTON Chris
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 20(2), 2015, pp.92-96.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: A 2013 analysis of local authority Joint Strategic Needs Assessments (JSNAs) showed that JSNAs were not routinely including information on the numbers and health needs of people with learning disabilities, particularly children. This paper compares the information included in 2013 and 2014 JSNAs. Design/methodology/approach: JSNAs for 141 local authorities in England were sought. Local authorities were contacted when JSNAs were not initially found online. All 137 JSNAs found were analysed for mentions and specific sections concerning people with learning disabilities, and content analysed concerning the specific information they contained. Findings: In total, 72 per cent of JSNAs mentioned people with learning disabilities (vs 82 per cent in 2013); 24 per cent mentioned children (vs 39 per cent in 2013) and 72 per cent mentioned adults (vs 81 per cent in 2013). Overall, 13 per cent of JSNAs included a section on children with learning disabilities (vs 9 per cent in 2013), 65 per cent included a section on adults (vs 48 per cent in 2013) and 11 per cent included a section on older adults (vs 8 per cent in the 2013). More JSNAs contained information on current and projected future populations, health needs, social context and service usage concerning adults with learning disabilities compared to children. There was large regional variation in all these indicators. Originality/value: Further work is needed for JSNAs to contain sufficient information on people with learning disabilities to allow for strategic planning, and for JSNAs to be accessible to the public. (Edited publisher abstract)
Services for adults with learning disabilities and sensory impairments
- Authors:
- HATTON Chris, EMERSON Eric
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 23(1), 1995, pp.11-17.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
A national survey of local authorities in England and Wales was conducted to examine various aspects of service provision for adults with learning disabilities and additional visual and/or auditory impairments. The findings of the survey suggested that, in general, local authorities: lack a clear definition of this service user group, under estimate the numbers of people in this service user group, lack effective information-gathering systems for gathering systems for gaining reliable prevalence estimates, report few specific policies or designated officers aimed at this client group, report little investment in specialised services, with the voluntary sector providing a significant proportion of the specialised services reported, and report a slight move towards greater specialisation in future service provision, with several reporting plans to provide new specialised assessment and residential services. Overall, the results reflect a general lack of clarity within local authorities regarding the most appropriate ways of defining, assessing need and planning, purchasing and providing services for people with learning disabilities and sensory impairments.
Social care for adults with learning disabilities in England: trends over time
- Author:
- HATTON Chris
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 24(2), 2019, pp.94-100.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine trends over time in social care usage and expenditure for adults with learning disabilities in England. Design/methodology/approach: Returns from councils with social services responsibilities in England concerning social care usage and expenditure were analysed to examine the national picture and trends over time for adults with learning disabilities. Findings: In 2017/2018, 147,915 adults with learning disabilities were receiving long-term social care, an increase of 5.7 per cent from 2014/2015. Social care expenditure increased by 10.2 per cent from 2014/2015 to £5.54bn in 2017/2018; adjusted for inflation this was a 2.7 per cent increase. For adults with learning disabilities who receive social care, increasing numbers of people are living with families or in supported accommodation/living, with gradual declines in the number of people living in residential or nursing care. The number of adults with learning disabilities in temporary accommodation is small but increasing. Social implications: While councils appear to be attempting to protect social care for adults with learning disabilities in the face of cuts to council expenditure, social care expenditure and coverage are not keeping pace with likely increases in the number of adults with learning disabilities requiring social care. Originality/value: This paper presents in one place statistics concerning long-term social care for adults with learning disabilities in England. (Edited publisher abstract)
Residential supports for people with learning disabilities in 1997 in England
- Authors:
- EMERSON Eric, HATTON Chris
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 5(1), January 2000, pp.41-44.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This article presents findings from an updated review of local authority and Department of Health data describing the nature of residential supports provided for people with learning disabilities. Attention is drawn to the extensive variations between areas and the substantial levels of unmet need for residential supports.