Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Women who use secure services: applying the literature to women with learning disabilities
- Author:
- FISH Rebecca
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Practice, 15(3), 2013, pp.192-205.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: This paper aims to review research of relevance to women with learning disabilities, focusing in particular on literature which is applicable to women with learning disabilities who use forensic services. Design/methodology/approach: Research involving women with learning disabilities over the past 30 years was sought out and reviewed, and literature relating to women living in locked wards (including those without learning disabilities) was focused upon. Related themes such as the BPD diagnosis, self injury, and aggression are explored. Findings: The author found very little research relating to women with learning disabilities who use secure services, particularly which included quotes from the women themselves. Research limitations/implications: The author recommends that more research in this area is needed, primarily research which includes the voices of women service users themselves. Originality/value – This paper will be relevant to all staff who work with women in secure services. (Publisher abstract)
Assessment of behavioral and psychiatric problems in people with Prader–Willi syndrome: a review of the literature
- Author:
- SPENDELOW Jason S.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 8(2), June 2011, pp.104-112.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Prader–Willi syndrome (PSW) is a rare genetic disorder that has a prevalence of 1 in 50,000 to 70,000 people and equal gender distribution. The clinical presentation of people with PWS involves a wide range of behavioural, psychiatric, neurocognitive, and medical problems. The aim of this review is to help clinicians make a comprehensive assessment of mental health problems with this population. People with PWS are particularly susceptible to the development of problems in the areas of hyperphagia, compulsions and repetitive behaviour, self-injury (especially skin-picking), and aggressive behaviours. The most common psychiatric features in people with PWS are psychosis, affective disorders, and obsessive–compulsive disorders. Assessment should involve consideration of how behavioural and psychiatric problems can be influenced by neurocognitive functioning and medical issues. The heterogeneous and progressive nature of many behavioural and psychiatric problems in this population presents significant challenges to psychological assessment and management. Comprehensive assessment requires an understanding of the phenotype of Prader–Willi syndrome, and associated issues that can impact upon clinical presentation.
Behavioural interventions for self injurious behaviour: a review of recent evidence (1998–2008)
- Author:
- PRANGNELL Simon
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 38(4), December 2010, pp.259-270.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study provides an update to a review by Emerson published in 2001 on behavioural interventions for self injurious behaviour (SIB) for people with learning disabilities. A systematic search of peer reviewed journals and the ‘grey’ literature identified 34 relevant documents published between 1998 and 2008, the majority of which were single case studies. These papers tended to report only on changes in the frequency of SIB during the intervention; therefore conclusions cannot be made about the long term efficacy and generalisability of these approaches. Reductions in SIB were highly variable, often produced in controlled environments and with the use of aversive interventions. This study presents implications for research and clinical practice and highlights the need for more research reporting on the effectiveness of new interventions such as positive behavioural support.
Early intervention and prevention of self-injurious behaviour exhibited by young children with developmental disabilities
- Author:
- RICHMAN D. M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 52(1), January 2008, pp.3-17.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The ontogeny of self-injurious behaviour exhibited by young children with developmental delays or disabilities is due to a complex interaction between neurobiological and environmental variables. In this paper, the literature on emerging self-injury in the developmental disability population is reviewed with a focus on an operant conceptual model of how topographies of self-injurious behaviour can change structurally and become sensitive to various environmental consequences. Results of previous studies are reviewed in terms of extending our research focus from a reactive model of assessment and treatment of well-established cases of self-injury to an early intervention and prevention model.
Restraint and self-injury in people with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- JONES Edwin, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 11(1), March 2007, pp.105-118.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
Most of the recent debate concerning the ethics of physical interventions has focused on the management of aggressive and destructive behaviours, neglecting the management of self-injurious behaviour. This is an important omission, given the extremely serious consequences that can arise from this form of challenging behaviour. The present article reviews types of restraint used to manage self-injury, prevalence of use, and main and side effects of restraint use. It describes some good practice standards and highlights the need for further research and debate in this complex area.
Self-injurious behaviour: an overview of recent trends in epidemiological and behavioural research
- Author:
- EMERSON Eric
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Handicap Research, 5(1), 1992, pp.49-81.
- Publisher:
- BIMH Publications
Reviews and discusses three aspects: basing interventions on an analysis of underlying causes, the functional displacement and communication hypothesis, and the debate about the acceptability and effectiveness of aversive treatment.