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Mental retardation in America: a historical reader
- Editors:
- NOLL Steven, TRENT James W., (eds)
- Publisher:
- New York University Press
- Publication year:
- 2004
- Pagination:
- 513p.
- Place of publication:
- New York
Beginning with an examination of the early nineteenth century labelling of what is still called in the US mental retardation, as "idiocy," to what we now call developmental, intellectual, or learning disabilities, this book chronicles the history of mental retardation, its treatment and labelling, and its representations and ramifications within the changing economic, social, and political context of America. The book includes essays with authors who approach the problems of developmental, intellectual, or learning disabilities from many differing points of view. This work is divided into five sections, each following in chronological order the major changes in the treatment of people classified as retarded. Exploring historical issues, as well as current public policy concerns, it covers topics ranging from representations of the mentally disabled as social burdens and social menaces; Freudian inspired ideas of adjustment and adaptation; the relationship between community care and institutional treatment; historical events, such as the Buck v. Bell decision, which upheld the opinion on eugenic sterilization; the evolution of the disability rights movement; and the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in 1990.
Getting healthcare, housing support, and community care set up for prisoners who will need it on release
- Authors:
- EDGAR Kimmett, RICKFORD Dora, TALBOT Jenny
- Journal article citation:
- Prison Service Journal, 179, September 2008, pp.16-19.
- Publisher:
- Her Majesty's Prison Service of England and Wales
Prisoners with mental health problems or learning disabilities are more likely to re-offend, or to be abused or exploited by others, if they do not get an aftercare package of health, housing and community care services. This article highlights the legislation and policies that oblige local authorities to assess the needs of vulnerable people, prior to release from prison.
Family, community and the 'idiot' in mid-nineteenth Century North Wales
- Authors:
- HIRST David, MICHAEL Pamela
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 18(2), March 2003, pp.145-163.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
In mid-nineteenth century north Wales, and indeed in Wales generally, 'community care' of persons with learning disabilities aided by the Poor Law survived longer than in England, where institutionalisation in the workhouse or asylum became the norm. This prehistory of community care has been largely unexplored, largely because of the difficulties of obtaining data. After discussing the methodology, and discussing the Lunacy and Poor Law documents used as sources, this paper seeks to advance understanding by using longitudinal histories of individuals with learning disability to explore their varied experiences in the community. It examines the attitudes of officialdom, and the role of family and community, and concludes by suggesting key factors in determining individual life stories included the presence of family, the ability to work, the degree of 'difficulty' or 'dangerousness' they presented.
Ordinary residence
- Author:
- DOW John
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Integrated Care, 11(4), August 2003, pp.12-16.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Supporting People has raised new issues relating to 'ordinary residence', as people with learning difficulties move from care homes to supported living schemes. Examines the legal background and the factors which can determine where a persons is 'ordinarily resident' and which local authority is responsible for providing community care services.
A duty to care
- Author:
- ASHTON Karen
- Journal article citation:
- Community Living, 13(2), October 1999, pp.20-21.
- Publisher:
- Hexagon Publishing
The courts have ruled that local and health authorities have a duty to provide after care services for people detained under certain sections of the Mental Health Act and that it is illegal to charge for such services. The ruling followed a court case involving four service users and four different local authorities. Discusses the implications of this ruling for people with learning difficulties.
Juggling to keep within the law?
- Author:
- HALFORD John
- Journal article citation:
- Community Living, 13(1), July 1999, pp.16-17.
- Publisher:
- Hexagon Publishing
Under increasing financial pressure, many local authorities have cut services for disabled people living in the community, increased charges for those services, or both. The author considers whether such strategies are lawful.
Weighting for justice
- Author:
- CLEMENTS Luke
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Care, 2(7), March 1999, pp.224-225.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
Looks at how the Human Rights Act could throw out of court much current UK legislation on mental health and learning disabilities.
Care in the community for people with a learning disability: choice, opportunity and risk
- Authors:
- BALDWIN Susan, THIRKETTLE Barry
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Care, 2(5), January 1999, pp.167-169.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
How to balance safety with real opportunities for choice is an issue for all those caring for people with a learning disability living in the community. Yet such opportunities are essential to personal development and a fundamental human rights. Explains how, for care professionals, it means taking, and managing, risks.
Social services law: judicial review, financial resources and legitimate expectations
- Author:
- SCHWEHR Belinda
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 2(3), July 1997, pp.23-30.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
In the context of a recent judicial review case, the Court of Appeal has delivered, on the one hand, a powerful weapon for people with disabilities who need social services, but, on the other, managerial implications which are bound to be keeping budget holders awake at night. The final outcome of the case - due for hearing before the Lords at some point in the next year - may well have wider implications for changes to social services legislation generally. Considers the significance of this case for local authorities, practitioners and users of community care services. Goes on to look at the interplay between the concept of statutory discretion and the emergent legal doctrine of substantive legitimate expectation, and its significance for social service attitudes and practice is articulated.
The community care needs of older people with learning disabilities
- Author:
- MORRIS Stella
- Journal article citation:
- Integrate News, 58, March 1996, pp.15-17.
Examines the historical and present day policies relating to care of people with learning disabilities in Scotland. Focuses on the community care needs of older people who have a learning disability.