Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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An evaluation of the implementation of Safewards on an assessment and treatment unit for people with an intellectual disability
- Authors:
- DAVIES Bronwen, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 25(3), 2021, pp.357-369.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
This study evaluates the implementation of Safewards on an assessment and treatment unit (ATU) for people with an intellectual disability. There are no previous studies evaluating this model in this context and previous research has focused largely on acute mental health services. The ‘Patient–Staff Conflict Shift Report’ was used at baseline for 1 month and 1 year later, after all the interventions had been implemented, to evaluate the impact of Safewards. Significant reductions were found in conflict and containment measures used within the service after the implementation of Safewards. Staff who led on the interventions were also asked to give feedback on their experiences, the challenges they faced and how they would like to move forward. Safewards was generally seen as a positive approach by the team. Limitations of this study are highlighted and suggestions for future research are made. (Edited publisher abstract)
Science and pseudoscience in developmental disabilities: guidelines for social workers
- Authors:
- THYER Bruce A., PIGNOTTI Monica
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Work in Disability and Rehabilitation, 9(2-3), April 2010, pp.110-129.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Individuals with a developmental disability can now be provided a variety of empirically supported treatments that have been shown to be useful in promoting educational attainments, social and vocational skills, self-care, and in reducing behavioural problems. Unfortunately, a large number of pseudoscientific or bogus therapies continue to be offered to this population and their families. This article reviews the characteristics of pseudoscientific and bogus treatments, and provides several examples of unsupported or harmful interventions offered by contemporary social workers and other human service professionals, to the detriment of people with disabilities. It examines pseudoscientific treatments such as animal-assisted therapies. In conclusion, the authors encourage social workers to identify pseudoscientific interventions and avoid providing these, in favour of using empirically supported treatments.
CREATE: summary of outcomes and benefits of an innovative therapeutic conservation programme
- Authors:
- SOUTHERN Hazel, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Care Services Management, 3(2), January 2009, pp.176-188.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This paper describes the process by which Castlebeck - which provides specialist services with learning disabilities - began to look at ways of incorporating corporate social responsibility into the business in a meaningful way. The aim of the project CREATE was to provided the opportunity to create a new form of active community-based therapy for patients/residents, and improve staff satisfaction and engagement. Outcomes measures demonstrate a number of significant positive findings: a) statistically significant improvements in service users' self-esteem, social networks, physical health and skill development; b) staff involved have had reduced levels of sickness, increased levels of job satisfaction, increased skill development and improved attitudes; c) the local community has benefited from increased site visitor numbers, more positive community attitudes towards learning disabilities and increased biodiversity environmentally; d) positive awareness of Castlebeck has been increased locally and with key stakeholders.
Project STOP: cognitive behavioral assessment and treatment for sex offenders with intellectual disability
- Authors:
- NEZU Christine Maguth, GREENBERG Jeffrey, NEZU Arthur M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 6(3), 2006, pp.87-103.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia
This article provides relevant background concerning the prevalence, characteristics and vulnerabilities of intellectually disabled (ID) sex offenders, as well as scientifically-informed guidelines for assessment and treatment. Specifically, the authors suggest assessment methods concerning the various areas of vulnerability associated with sex offending risk, with emphasis on dynamic or changeable areas of vulnerability. Treatment guidelines are consistent with an individualized case formulation approach aimed at changing each individual's unique area of vulnerability. They provide a description of Project STOP, as a case example of these principles. A program evaluation of this project revealed a low rate of recidivism and a high degree of treatment adherence. Finally, the authors propose which elements of the case formulation approach appear to be associated with successful outcome. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Interventions for people with alcohol use disorder and an intellectual disability: a review of the literature
- Author:
- DEGENHARDT Louisa
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 25(2), June 2000, pp.135-146.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Alcohol is the most commonly used psychoactive substance in the general population, and alcohol use disorder is among the most common forms of mental illness. There are a number of additional issues concerning problematic alcohol use that are of particular significance to those with an intellectual disability. This paper presents an outline of the interventions that may be appropriate for an adult with an alcohol use disorder and an intellectual disability. Future research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of interventions with this client group.
An abuse of disability? Assessing treatment outcome in sexual offenders with learning disabilities
- Author:
- RIDING T.M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Learning Disabilities for Nursing Health and Social Care, 3(4), December 1999, pp.188-193.
Reports on a study designed to assess treatment outcomes in eight male sex offenders with learning disabilities currently detained in a special hospital. Data were collected through a range of quantitative research instruments in order to establish the utility of various assessment methods. Results obtained demonstrate positive shifts in several of the areas targeted during treatment. Discusses the difficulties in the use of quantitative instruments with such inherently small samples and concludes by outlining how the research will develop through the development of more qualitatively orientated, ordinal assessment instrument.
Psychological interventions in self-injurious behaviour
- Authors:
- HALLIDAY Sabrina, MACKRELL Kelvin
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 172, May 1998, pp.395-400.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Psychological approaches to working with people with learning disabilities who self-injure have developed over the past 30 years. In this article the major literature is reviewed and an ecological framework is described which emphasises the importance of environmental, interpersonal and intrapersonal dynamics to understanding the multi-factorial nature of self-injury. Case examples are given. Concludes that persistence of self-injurious behaviour once established, requires an interdisciplinary approach which addresses comprehensively the variety of factors which have contributed to the development and maintenance of self-injury.
Early intervention: planning futures, shaping years
- Author:
- McCONKEY Roy
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Handicap Research, 7(1), 1994, pp.4-15.
- Publisher:
- BIMH Publications
The achievements of early interventions during the last quarter of a century are built on family-based services with a whole-child focus. Their influence has been far-reaching but knowing what needs to be done increases the frustrations in making effective interventions available to all families and children, irrespective of where they live. Among the service transformations reviewed are the shift in focus from children to families; the recasting of service personnel from specialists to family supporters; the development of therapies into child-led transactions as the preferred means of promoting development, and new approaches to evaluating service effectiveness.
Self-injurious behaviour: an overview of recent trends in epidemiological and behavioural research
- Author:
- EMERSON Eric
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Handicap Research, 5(1), 1992, pp.49-81.
- Publisher:
- BIMH Publications
Reviews and discusses three aspects: basing interventions on an analysis of underlying causes, the functional displacement and communication hypothesis, and the debate about the acceptability and effectiveness of aversive treatment.
Evaluating the effects of multisystemic therapy for adolescents with intellectual disabilities and antisocial or delinquent behaviour and their parents
- Authors:
- BLANKESTEIN Annemarieke, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 32(3), 2019, pp.575-590.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: An adaptation of multisystemic therapy (MST) was piloted to find out whether it would yield better outcomes than standard MST in families where the adolescent not only shows antisocial or delinquent behaviour, but also has an intellectual disability. Method: To establish the comparative effectiveness of MST‐ID (n = 55) versus standard MST (n = 73), treatment outcomes were compared at the end of treatment and at 6‐month follow‐up. Pre‐treatment differences were controlled for using the propensity score method. Results: Multisystemic therapy‐ID resulted in reduced police contact and reduced rule breaking behaviour that lasted up to 6 months post‐treatment. Compared to standard MST, MST‐ID more frequently resulted in improvements in parenting skills, family relations, social support, involvement with pro‐social peers and sustained positive behavioural changes. At follow‐up, more adolescents who had received MST‐ID were still living at home. Conclusions: These results support further development of and research into the MST‐ID adaptation. (Edited publisher abstract)