Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Autonomy in relation to health among people with intellectual disability: a literature review
- Authors:
- WULLINK M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 53(9), September 2009, pp.816-826.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Since the 1990s, individualisation, participation, normalisation and inclusion have been the main principles of care for people with intellectual disability. Autonomy has become an increasingly important issue. This review of the literature tried to answer the question: how do people with intellectual disabilities exercise autonomy in relation to health? Searches in Cochrane, Medline and PsycINFO were based on the following aspects of autonomy: self-determination, independence, self-regulation and self-realisation. Thirty-nine of 791 articles met our criteria, including 14 on self-determination, seven on independence, 15 on self-regulation and three on self-realisation. In spite of decades of promoting autonomy, the exercise of autonomy in relation to health has so far rarely been an issue in the literature.
The effectiveness of visual activity schedules for individuals with intellectual disabilities: a meta-analysis
- Authors:
- VAN DIJK Wilhelmina, GAGE Nicholas A.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 44(4), 2019, pp.384-395.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Background: This meta-analysis focused on the teaching of skills to individuals with intellectual disability (ID) to maximise independence increase the likelihood of full participation in all aspects of life, economic self-sufficiency, and independent living. Visual activity schedules (VAS) is an intervention with a growing evidence base that focuses on developing independence. Methods: The researchers conducted a meta-analysis of VAS effects on independence skills of individuals with ID. Thirteen single-case design studies met the meta-analytic inclusion criteria, including evidence of a functional relationship via visual analysis. For each graph, three effect size metrics were calculated. The overall effect sizes were calculated with a random effect models and potential influence of moderators with meta-analytic regression models. Results: Results suggest that VAS has a meaningful impact on increasing independent skills for individuals with ID with type of instruction the only moderator. Conclusions: The results suggest all modes of VAS are likely to yield positive effects across age groups, settings, and skills. (Edited publisher abstract)
A scoping review of personalisation in the UK: approaches to social work and people with learning disabilities
- Authors:
- SIMS David, GULYURTLU Sandra S. Cabrita
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Care in the Community, 22(1), 2014, pp.13-21.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This article discusses a study carried out to explore the impact of personalisation on people with learning disabilities and the role of social workers to support this. A scoping review of the UK literature from 1996 to 2011 was conducted using databases, search engines and websites. It was found that there has not been a significant amount of empirical research in this area. Some studies, such as reports by InControl, have suggested that when implemented well, personalisation can have a positive impact on the lives of people with learning disabilities. Other literature highlighted the limitations and critiques of personalisation. Without the right support to manage budgets and autonomy, people with learning disabilities could be left vulnerable. In respect of the social workers, the finding of the review was that there was a lack of guidance on how to implement personalisation and a perceived threat to their traditional practice role, resulting in barriers to implementation. Although the literature emphasises the need for choice, control and autonomy in personalisation, the conclusion of this study is that more research needs to be carried out into how professional roles fit into and can support this process. (Edited publisher abstract)
The exercise of choice by adults with intellectual disabilities: a literature review
- Authors:
- STALKER Kirsten, HARRIS Philip
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 11(1), 1998, pp.60-76.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Reviews recent research concerning the exercise of choice by people with intellectual disabilities, drawing on the fields of social policy and psychology. While many writers assert the importance and benefits of choice, others have argued that the right to choose may be at odds with the goals of rehabilitation. A range of factors which facilitate or inhibit the exercise of choice are identified from the literature, including those affecting people with profound intellectual disabilities. The reported outcomes of exercising choice are reviewed and, finally, some implications for future research are drawn out.