Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 25
The development of a health status measure for self-report by people with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- RUDDICK Loraine, OLIVER Chris
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 18(2), June 2005, pp.143-150.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This paper describes the development of a self-report health status measure for use with people with intellectual disabilities living in staffed community-based accommodation, and reports preliminary reliability data for the schedule. Question and response items were adapted from a well-established measure (SF-36) used in the general population incorporating subscales such as General Health, Physical Functioning, Bodily Pain, Vitality, Mental Health, and Sensory Functioning. A variety of closed and open response formats were used based on the growing literature examining methods for interviewing people with intellectual disabilities. Results found that internal reliability and response consistency were investigated. Reliability for Physical Functioning, General Health and Bodily Pain was reasonable, but was unsatisfactory for Sensory Functioning, and Mental Health. The findings are discussed in light of the challenge of eliciting reliable responses from people with intellectual disabilities. Question methodologies can be built upon in further research.
The association between employment and the health of people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review
- Authors:
- ROBERTSON Janet, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 32(6), 2019, pp.1335-1348.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: There is strong evidence indicating that paid employment is generally good for the physical and mental health of the general population. This systematic review considers the association between employment and the health of people with intellectual disabilities. Methods: Studies published from 1990 to 2018 were identified via electronic literature databases, email requests and cross‐citations. Identified studies were reviewed narratively. Results: Twelve studies were identified. Studies were generally consistent in reporting an association between being in paid employment and better physical or mental health status. Conclusions: This review supports the view that the well‐established association between employment and better health is similar for adults with and without intellectual disabilities. However, evidence establishing causality is lacking and further research to determine specific health benefits attributable to employment for people with intellectual disabilities and the causal pathways that operate is required. (Publisher abstract)
Health promotion and intellectual disability: listening to men
- Author:
- BOLLARD Martin
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Care in the Community, 25(1), 2017, pp.185-193.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Taking responsibility for your own health has been a central tenet of public health policy internationally for a number of decades. Governments in the UK and internationally continue to promote a plethora of health promotion strategies, encouraging individuals and communities to adopt healthy lifestyle choices. Although it is widely recognised that men are not as proactive in seeking out medical help or taking on health promotion advice as women, limited gender-sensitive research exists in the field of intellectual disability. Despite many health promotion policy and practice strategies targeted at this population, little research exists exploring whether men with intellectual disability acknowledge health promotion advice. The study aimed to explore how men with mild-to-moderate intellectual disability understood and perceived their health and what health promotion messages they acted upon. The study was based on a participatory approach which enabled 11 men with intellectual disability to contribute as steering group members and as participants through one-to-one interviews. Data were collected between September 2011 and July 2012. Thematic analysis was undertaken. The participants demonstrated a capacity to understand their own health. This was inclusive of a concern about associating being obese with being unhealthy. The participants reported good relationships with their general practitioners (GPs) and felt valued, in particular when the GP was prepared to offer specific intellectual disability and health promotion advice. More gendered research inclusive of the views of this male population is required and the study reiterates the importance of promoting the health of men and women with intellectual disability. (Publisher abstract)
Must we remove Mary from her home?
- Author:
- -
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 6.10.11, 2011, pp.26-27.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Experts offer advice on supporting a learning disabled women who is overweight whose health is at risk because she will not leave her mother.
Ageing and health status in adults with intellectual disabilities: results of the European Pomona II study
- Authors:
- HAVEMAN Meindert, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 36(1), March 2011, pp.49-60.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
POMONA II was a European Commission funded public health project collecting information from 14 countries using a set of key health indicators specifically relevant for people with intellectual disabilities. This research focused on age-specific differences relating to environmental and lifestyle factors and the 17 medical conditions measured by the POMONA Checklist of Health Indicators. The article describes how information was collected using the POMONA Health Interview Survey and Evaluation Form from a sample of 1,253 participants in Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, and the United Kingdom. It then presents the results of the analysis, with tables showing characteristics of people with intellectual disabilities in the study, frequency of social contacts with relatives or friends according to age, lifestyle risk factors in people with intellectual disabilities according to age, and general and age-specific prevalence rates of health problems. The authors discuss how healthy older adults with intellectual disabilities are with regard to lifestyle factors, and whether there are health disparities between older adults with and without intellectual disabilities. They note that some evidence of health disparities was found for older people with intellectual disabilities, particularly in terms of under diagnosed or inadequately managed preventable health conditions.
Learning disability policy in the UK
- Authors:
- WHITEHEAD Simon, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 13(3), October 2008, pp.4-11.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This article provides separate, but linked, overviews of learning disability policy in the four countries of the UK, commenting on current policy and its links to the wider policy agenda, delivery strategies and challenges for the future.
Fighting fit? An evaluation of health practitioner input to improve healthy living and reduce obesity for adults with learning disabilities
- Authors:
- CHAPMAN Melanie J., CRAVEN Michael J., CHADWICK Darren D.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 9(2), June 2005, pp.131-144.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
People with learning disabilities are at high risk of obesity and consequent health risks. This study aimed to (1) describe levels of obesity for adults supported by learning disability services, and to (2) evaluate the effectiveness of health practitioner input with individuals with learning disabilities. Body mass index (BMI) was measured at 6 month intervals and change in BMI over time was compared between a non-input group and a group receiving practitioner input to improve healthy living. Initially 35 percent of the non-input sample was classified as clinically obese. Mean BMI increased over time for the non-input group at first, but decreased for the group that received practitioner input. The differences in weight change between the two groups reached statistical significance with a greater weight reduction in the input group. Implications for service provision are discussed.
What do we know about the health and health care of people with intellectual disabilities from minority ethnic groups in the United Kingdom? A systematic review
- Authors:
- ROBERTSON Janet, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 32(6), 2019, pp.1310-1334.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: People with from minority ethnic communities face inequalities in health and health care. This systematic review considers the question of what is known about the health and health care of children and adults with intellectual disabilities from ethnic minority communities in the UK. Method: Studies published from 1990 to 2018 were identified via electronic literature databases, email requests and cross‐citations. Studies were reviewed narratively in relation to identified themes. Results: Twenty‐three studies were identified, most commonly focusing on South Asian communities. Very little information was identified on physical health or physical health care, with the identified evidence tending to focus on mental health care, access to specialist intellectual disability services, and inpatient services. Conclusion: Little is known about the health status of people with intellectual disabilities from minority ethnic groups in the UK. It is clear that they may experience barriers to accessing specialist intellectual disability services and other forms of health care. (Edited publisher abstract)
Exploring the impact of health inequalities on the health of adults with intellectual disability from their perspective
- Authors:
- BOLLARD Martin, McLEOD Eileen, DOLAN Alan
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 33(6), 2018, pp.831-848.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Across every indicator of health inequality, adults with intellectual disability are disadvantaged. However, first-hand accounts from adults with intellectual disability exploring the impact health inequalities have for their health and are absent from the literature. The research was underpinned by a participatory approach, involving Men with intellectual disability as members of a steering group and through 20 interviews. Thematic analysis revealed how low income and reduced employment had a negative impact on the men’s physical and psychological health. New findings show how living in deprived areas exposed men to constant threats to their safety with an adverse effect on their health. (Edited publisher abstract)
The extension of a set of needs-led mental health clusters to accommodate people accessing UK intellectual disability health services
- Authors:
- PAINTER Jon, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health, 27(2), 2018, pp.103-111.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- London
Background: A development of a needs-led mental health classification system based on the Health of the National Outcome Scales (HoNOS) has previously been developed. Aims: To extend the needs-based mental health (MH) clusters to accommodate the additional needs of people accessing UK intellectual disabilities health services. Method: Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed on assessment data from 18 National Health Service (NHS) provider organisations. The statistical results were clinically shaped through multi-disciplinary workshops. The resulting clusters were combined with six independently rated measures for a second data collection exercise. Based on these data, refinements were made before performing internal and external validity checks.Results: Eight additional clusters for people with health needs associated with their intellectual disabilities were produced. Three described primarily physical health (PH) needs, four described needs arising from behaviours which challenged (with/without autism) whilst one described people with generally low needs. Together, these covered 83.4% of cases with only a 10% overlap. The clusters were replicable and had clinical utility and validity. Conclusions: It was possible to extend the needs-led mental health classification system to capture the additional needs of people accessing UK intellectual disability services. (Edited publisher abstract)