Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 30
Examples of individual supported living for adults with intellectual disability
- Authors:
- COCKS Errol, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 20(2), 2016, pp.100-108.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
Background: This article provides a qualitative account of four models of support for adults with intellectual disability in individual supported living (ISL) arrangements. Materials and Methods: Completion of the first 50 evaluations of 150 arrangements for the third phase of the ISL project provided the examples. Results: Four approaches are described: living alone, co-residency, relationship and host family. Within each type, wide variations occur particularly based on security of tenure, formal and informal support and management variations. Conclusion: Fifty evaluations so far illustrated a wide range of approaches to ISL, providing evidence of the critical importance of the formal and informal support environment and reinforcing the contention that ISL is appropriate for people with high support needs. (Publisher abstract)
Learning difficulties
- Author:
- WARD Linda
- Journal article citation:
- Research Matters, 3, April 1997, pp.10-12.
- Publisher:
- Community Care
Controversy is still raging over whether village communities for people with learning difficulties are a better option then living within mainstream society. New research evaluates and compares the different accommodation options. Also looks at how help is at hand for researchers to help them share their knowledge with people with learning disabilities themselves.
Quality of life issues in the development and evaluation of services for people with intellectual disability
- Authors:
- McVILLY Keith R., RAWLINSON Rosanne B.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 23(3), September 1998, pp.199-218.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This article reviews and evaluates methodologies for the assessment and promotion of quality of life (QOL), a multidimensional and dynamic construct frequently used to measure psychological and physiological wellbeing in people with intellectual disability (ID). Objective and subjective components of QOL are critically reviewed, together with the social and psychological factors that impinge on it. Discusses contrasting approaches to the assessment of QOL, including process-centred approaches to evaluation. Proposes that the future research should directly address the question of concurrence in QOL evaluations between and people with ID and their proxies.
The first use of dementia care mapping in the care for older people with intellectual disability: a process analysis according to the RE-AIM framework
- Authors:
- SHAAP Feija D., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 22(7), 2018, pp.912-919.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Introduction: The ageing of the population with intellectual disability (ID), with associated conseqences as dementia, creates a need for evidence-based methods to support staff. Dementia Care Mapping (DCM) is perceived to be valuable in dementia care and promising in ID-care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the process of the first use of DCM in ID-care. Methods: DCM was used among older people with ID and care-staff in 12 group homes of six organisations. The researchers obtained data on the first use of DCM in ID-care via focus-group discussions and face-to-face interviews with: care-staff (N = 24), managers (N = 10), behavioural specialists (N = 7), DCM-ID mappers (N = 12), and DCM-trainers (N = 2). The research used the RE-AIM framework for a thematic process-analysis. Results: All available staff (94%) participated in DCM (reach). Regarding its efficacy, staff considered DCM valuable; it provided them new knowledge and skills. Participants intended to adopt DCM, by continuing and expanding its use in their organisations. DCM was implemented as intended, and strictly monitored and supported by DCM-trainers. As for maintenance, DCM was further tailored to ID-care and a version for individual ID-care settings was developed, both as standards for international use. To sustain the use of DCM in ID-care, a multidisciplinary, interorganisational learning network was established. Conclusion: DCM tailored to ID-care proved to be an appropriate and valuable method to support staff in their work with ageing clients, and it allows for further implementation. This is a first step to obtain an evidence-based method in ID-care for older clients. (Edited publisher abstract)
Developing a logic model to guide evaluation of impact for learning disability projects: the case of the Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) Academy
- Authors:
- SCOTT Suzi J., DENNE Louise D., HASTINGS Richard P.
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 23(3), 2018, pp.125-132.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Measuring “impact” is an important aspect of the dissemination of evidence-based practice and relevant to all disciplines. However, it has only recently become a focus of enquiry and is not commonly directly researched within the learning disabilities field. The purpose of this paper is to describe the process of developing a logic model for the UK Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) Academy as part of an evaluation and impact study of its work to date. Design/methodology/approach: Logic models are a visual representation of the relationship between a project’s resources, activities and outputs and identified outcomes, in relation to key stakeholder groups. This representation allows for key impact measures to be identified and can be a useful tool for evaluation purposes. The authors used the process outlined by McLaughlin and Jordan (1998) to develop a bespoke logic model for the PBS Academy. Findings: The model was particularly helpful in making clear the distinction between output and impact, identifying impact criteria differentiated by stakeholder group and across time scales, and highlighting areas of activity that are needed to increase the impact of the work of the PBS Academy in the longer term. Originality/value: In the absence of any generalised impact evaluation frameworks in the learning disabilities field, the authors suggest that logic models may provide a useful framework for evaluating the impact of policy, practice, and research interventions. (Edited publisher abstract)
Commentary on “Developing a logic model to guide evaluation of impact for learning disability projects: the case of the Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) Academy”
- Author:
- MacDONALD Anne
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 23(3), 2018, pp.133-138.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on some of the issues raised in the paper “Developing a logic model to guide evaluation of impact for learning disability projects: the case of the Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) Academy”. Design/methodology/approach: Drawing on the PBS literature and with reference to the Scott et al. paper, the use of a logic model as a framework for implementing PBS within social care organisations is described. Findings: A logic model may be a useful framework for the implementation of PBS within social care organisations and could be used to help organisations develop a strategic approach to whole-system implementation of PBS. Originality/value: This commentary adds to the discussion by considering the use of a logic model as a framework for implementing PBS within social care organisations. (Edited publisher abstract)
The Adult Attachment Projective Picture System: a pilot study of inter-rater reliability and face validity with adults with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- GALLICHAN Deanna, GEORGE Carol
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 12(2), 2018, pp.57-66.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to assess whether the Adult Attachment Projective (AAP) Picture System is a reliable and face valid measure of internal working models of attachment in adults with intellectual disabilities (ID). Design/methodology/approach: The AAPs of 20 adults with ID were coded blind by two reliable judges and classified into one of four groups: secure, dismissing, preoccupied, or unresolved. Inter-rater reliability was calculated using κ. Six participants repeated the assessment for test-retest reliability. Two independent experts rated ten cases on the links between the AAP analysis and the clinical history. Findings: There was significant agreement between AAP judges, κ=0.677, p<0.001. Five out of six participants showed stability in their classifications over time. The majority of expert ratings were “good” or “excellent”. There was a significant inter-class correlation between raters suggesting good agreement between them r=0.51 (p<0.05). The raters’ feedback suggested that the AAP had good clinical utility. Research limitations/implications: The inter-rater reliability, stability, face validity, and clinical utility of the AAP in this population is promising. Further examination of these findings with a larger sample of individuals with ID is needed. Originality/value: This is the first study attempting to investigate the reliability and validity of the AAP in this population. (Edited publisher abstract)
Project SEARCH: a new model of supported employment?
- Author:
- KAEHNE Axel
- Journal article citation:
- Learning Disability Today, 15(1), January 2015, pp.22-24.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
Reports on the evaluation of Project SEARCH UK programme, an intern-based supported employment programme originally devised in the USA. The evaluation examined employment outcome data from 17 participating sites in the South West of England. In the programme a business, often a hospital, takes the lead in developing the internships. It also commits to take on 60 per cent of its interns after graduation for full time employment. The programme is primarily open to young people with learning disabilities and autistic spectrum conditions who are in their last year of school or college. Outcomes found that Project SEARCH graduates had a significantly higher rate of finding employment than in other supported employment programmes. It was also successful in offering opportunities to people with a range of learning disabilities. Interns also found work in a variety of roles. The evaluation demonstrates that Project Search is a valuable addition to supported employment programmes in the UK. (Edited publisher abstract)
Complex Behaviour Service: enhanced model for challenging behaviour
- Authors:
- INCHLEY-MORT Sophie, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 8(4), 2014, pp.219-227.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Positive Behaviour Support (PBS) is thought to be an important model for working with people with intellectual disabilities who display behaviours challenging to service. The purpose of this paper is to explore clinical and service user outcomes associated with the delivery of PBS by a Complex Behaviour Service (CBS). Design/methodology/approach: Clinical outcomes of 24 service users treated by the CBS team were assessed at baseline, six and 12 months and compared with those of 22 peers who received usual care. The main outcome was reduction in challenging behaviour measured by the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist (ABC). Secondary outcomes included measures of mental health needs, risk and social care supports. Findings: At six months improvements were seen across all ABC domains in both groups, with greater improvement in the CBS group, compared to usual care in irritability and stereotypy. Between group differences were maintained only for stereotypy at 12 months. No other differences were found. Originality/value: This paper suggests that PBS delivered by trained and dedicated staff may provide clinical benefits to individuals with challenging behaviours. However, there are issues around integration into existing services that need to be addressed in order to maximise efficiency. (Publisher abstract)
Domains of quality of life of people with profound multiple disabilities: the perspective of parents and direct support staff
- Authors:
- PETRY Katja, MAES Bea, VLASKAMP Carla
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 18(1), March 2005, pp.35-46.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study considered the general validity of the basic domains of quality of life that appear in theoretical models, in relation to people with profound multiple disabilities. The authors examined how parents and direct support staff operationalized these basic domains for people with profound multiple disabilities. They investigated the effect of the support setting and age of people with profound multiple disabilities on this operationalization. A number (n = 76) of parents and direct support staff of people with profound multiple disabilities were interviewed. Transcripts were analysed in depth. Results showed that the five basic domains as described within the model of Felce and Perry were identified spontaneously by more than half of the respondents as being salient for the quality of life of people with profound multiple disabilities. When asked explicitly, this value rose to between 88.2 and 100%. The operationalization of these basic domains by parents and direct support staff differed in several aspects from operationalizations for other target groups. Neither age nor support setting turned out to have a significant effect on the operationalization. The results supported the multidimensionality of quality of life and the validity of the basic domains for people with profound multiple disabilities. The content of the domains of quality of life differed, however, to a considerable extent for people with profound multiple disabilities. Furthermore, these people are extremely dependent on others for the gratification of their needs and therefore for their quality of life.